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1.
An  Na  Kim  Young-Hee  Lee  Sang-Woo  Choi  Keun-Hyung 《Ocean Science Journal》2021,56(1):86-95
Ocean Science Journal - This study examines the different effects of high and low freshwater discharge on the water physical structure of the water column and plankton community in a tide-dominated...  相似文献   
2.
Shakirov  R. B.  Cuong  Do Huy  Obzhirov  A. I.  Valitov  M. G.  Lee  N. S.  Legkodimov  A. A.  Kalgin  V. Yu.  Yeskova  A. I.  Proshkina  Z. N.  Telegin  Yu. A.  Storozhenko  A. V.  Ivanov  M. V.  Pletnev  S. P.  Sedin  V. T.  Bulanov  A.V.  Shvalov  D. A.  Lipinskaya  N. A.  Bovsun  M. A.  Makseev  D. S.  Thanh  Nguyen Trung  Anh  Le Duc  Luong  Le Duc 《Oceanology》2021,61(1):147-149
Oceanology - Abstract—The paper gives brief results of comprehensive studies in the South China Sea obtained from a joint Russian–Vietnamese expedition in November 2019 (cruise 88 of...  相似文献   
3.
扰动生物作为生态系统工程建造者,通过对沉积底质的改造直接影响沉积物和水体之间的相互作用(营养物质的循环、迁移和存储),对底栖生态系统工程有重要的影响.遗迹化石作为底栖生物活动的载体,为研究寒武纪大爆发之后底栖生态系统工程建造者的演化规律,并评价底栖生态系统工程建造者对生态系统工程产生的影响提供了依据.对河南地区8个寒武系剖面的遗迹化石数据进行统计,应用现代生物学中生态系统工程影响值的概念,从功能群、阶层、生物灌溉3个方面对底栖生态系统工程建造者进行研究.研究结果表明,寒武系第三阶至鼓山阶底栖生态系统工程建造者功能群类型由生物扩散型扰动者往向上/下运输者转变,阶层逐渐加深,生物灌溉越来越普及,生态系统工程影响值不断增大.鼓山阶至第十阶,遗迹化石类型及结构变化不大,生态系统工程影响值趋于稳定.这表明从寒武纪生物大爆发至鼓山阶,底栖生态系统工程建造者的行为策略发生着明显的进化与创新,生态系统工程建造者不仅开拓了重要的生态空间,而且为其他底栖生物和微生物创造了新的生境,在寒武纪海洋生态系统中扮演着重要的角色.   相似文献   
4.
Wildfire increases the potential connectivity of runoff and sediment throughout watersheds due to greater bare soil, runoff and erosion as compared to pre-fire conditions. This research examines the connectivity of post-fire runoff and sediment from hillslopes (< 1.5 ha; n = 31) and catchments (< 1000 ha; n = 10) within two watersheds (< 1500 ha) burned by the 2012 High Park Fire in northcentral Colorado, USA. Our objectives were to: (1) identify sources and quantify magnitudes of post-fire runoff and erosion at nested hillslopes and watersheds for two rain storms with varied duration, intensity and antecedent precipitation; and (2) assess the factors affecting the magnitude and connectivity of runoff and sediment across spatial scales for these two rain storms. The two summer storms that are the focus of this research occurred during the third summer after burning. The first storm had low intensity rainfall over 11 hours (return interval <1–2 years), whereas the second event had high intensity rainfall over 1 hour (return interval <1–10 years). The lower intensity storm was preceded by high antecedent rainfall and led to low hillslope sediment yields and channel incision at most locations, whereas the high intensity storm led to infiltration-excess overland flow, high sediment yields, in-stream sediment deposition and channel substrate fining. For both storms, hillslope-to-stream sediment delivery ratios and area-normalised cross-sectional channel change increased with the percent of catchment that burned at high severity. For the high intensity storm, hillslope-to-stream sediment delivery ratios decreased with unconfined channel length (%). The findings quantify post-fire connectivity and sediment delivery from hillslopes and streams, and highlight how different types of storms can cause varying magnitues and spatial patterns of sediment transport and deposition from hillslopes through stream channel networks.  相似文献   
5.
Redox hot spots occurring as metal-rich anoxic groundwater discharges through oxic wetland and river sediments commonly result in the formation of iron (Fe) oxide precipitates. These redox-sensitive precipitates influence the release of nutrients and metals to surface water and can act as ‘contaminant sponges’ by absorbing toxic compounds. We explore the feasibility of a non-invasive, high-resolution magnetic susceptibility (MS) technique to efficiently map the spatial variations of magnetic Fe oxide precipitates in the shallow bed of three rivers impacted by anoxic groundwater discharge. Laboratory analyses on Mashpee River (MA, USA) sediments demonstrate the sensitivity of MS to sediment Fe concentrations. Field surveys in the Mashpee and Quashnet rivers (MA, USA) reveal several discrete high MS zones, which are associated with likely anoxic groundwater discharge as evaluated by riverbed temperature, vertical head gradient, and groundwater chemistry measurements. In the East River (CO, USA), widespread cobbles/rocks exhibit high background MS from geological ferrimagnetic minerals, thereby obscuring the relatively small enhancement of MS from groundwater induced Fe oxide precipitates. Our study suggests that, in settings with low geological sources of magnetic minerals such as lowland rivers and wetlands, MS may serve as a complementary tool to temperature methods for efficiently mapping Fe oxide accumulation zones due to anoxic groundwater discharges that may function as biogeochemical hot spots and water quality control points in gaining systems.  相似文献   
6.
Large dams and reservoirs alter not only the natural flow regimes of streams and rivers but also their flooding cycles and flood magnitudes. Although the effect of dams and reservoirs has been reported for some vulnerable locations, the understanding of the inner-basin variation with respect to the effects remains limited. In this study, we analyse the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) built on the Changjiang mainstream (Yangtze River) to investigate the dam effect variations in the system of interconnected water bodies located downstream. We investigated the effect of flow alterations along the downstream river network using discharge time series at different gauging stations. The river–lake interactions (referring to the interactions between the Changjiang mainstream and its tributary lakes i.e. the Dongting and Poyang lakes) and their roles in modifying the TGD effect intensity were also investigated in the large-scale river–lake system. The results show that the water storage of the tributary lakes decreased after the activation of the TGD. Severe droughts occurred in the lakes, weakening their ability to recharge the Changjiang mainstream. As a consequence, the effect of the TGD on the Changjiang flow increase during the dry season diminished quickly downstream of the dam, whereas its impact on the flow decrease during the wet season gradually exacerbated along the mainstream, especially at sites located downstream of the lake outlets. Therefore, when assessing dam-induced hydrological changes, special attention should be paid to the changes in the storage of tributary lakes and the associated effects in the mainstream. This is of high importance for managing the water resource trade-offs between different water bodies in dam-affected riverine systems.  相似文献   
7.
Ocean Science Journal - The carbon isotopic compositions (δ13C) of n-alkanes in various environmental samples have been previously proposed as suitable fingerprints for assessing the origin of...  相似文献   
8.
麻城剖面位于江汉平原东北缘山地丘陵与平原过渡带半封闭的宽浅碟形洼地,是江汉平原北缘末次冰消期代表性沉积剖面。沉积环境主要由山麓坡洪积相和沼泽相组成,形成年代为距今18.00~8.60 ka。麻城剖面粒度组成主要以粉砂为主,达60.73%,其中,粗粉砂达40.83%。剖面粒度变化可划分为7个变化阶段。结合剖面的岩性与沉积环境特征等综合分析,发现末次冰消期气候环境经历了四个气候期:第一气候期17.90~17.02 ka B.P.,为冰盛期之后气候开始回暖升温期。此时降水相对较多,地表径流强度中等偏强。第二个时期17.02~12.02 ka B.P.,为快速升温期。总体暖湿多雨,是末次冰消期最显著暖湿期,在江汉平原北缘坡麓地带的洼地广泛发育了沼泽。粒度变化进一步表明气候存在波动,早、晚期降雨强度大,时有强降水发生,地表径流稳定性差;中期(14.47~12.64 ka B.P.)降水明显减少,但雨量相对均匀,地表径流变幅小,此与长江中下游地区石笋记录的冰消期气候特征是一致的。第三气候期12.02~10.80 ka B.P.,该期是新仙女木事件之后的快速升温期,平均粒径和分选系数为剖面最大。表明当时降雨量大,气候稳定性较差,强降雨时有发生。第四气候期10.80~8.60 ka B.P.,气候总体为偏温湿环境。地表径流较第三气候期明显降低,早期降水偏多,后期温湿程度降低,地表径流变小。剖面中有两个明显的气候事件记录,一是新仙女木事件,表现为第④层与第⑤层之间的短暂沉积间断和沼泽环境的结束;二是9.8~9.2 ka B.P.干旱期,为厚约15 cm的黄土状土的沉积。研究表明,长江和汉江洪泛影响不到的江汉平原边缘洼地沉积可能是记录本地区气候特征的良好载体。  相似文献   
9.
以广州市20个典型社区为例,构建多元线性回归模型,探讨了绿色空间对居民休闲性体力活动的影响,并剖析绿色空间对不同类型社区居民休闲性体力活动影响的作用机制。结果发现:1)不同类型社区居民的休闲性体力活动水平存在明显差异,低档社区的为782.99 MET-min/w,中档社区的为871.70 MET-min/w,高档社区的为1 227.91 MET-min/w;2)影响不同类型社区居民休闲性体力活动水平的绿色空间因素有所不同,低档社区、中档社区和高档社区的显著因子分别为“到最近公园广场距离”“邻里绿化覆盖率”和“健身活动设施数量”;3)绿色空间对休闲性体力活动水平影响的作用机制存在社区差异,低档社区居民休闲性体力活动主要受到成本作用的约束,中档社区居民主要受绿化环境作用影响,而高档社区居民主要受机会作用影响。  相似文献   
10.
It is common to obtain the topography of tidal flats by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) photogrammetry,but this method is not applicable in tidal creeks.The residual water will lead to inaccurate depth inversion results,and the topography of tidal creeks mainly de-pends on manual survey.The present study took the tidal creek of Chuandong port in Jiangsu Province,China,as the research area and used UAV oblique photogrammetry to reconstruct the topography of the exposed part above the water after the ebb tide.It also proposed a Trend Prediction Fitting (TPF) method for the topography of the unexposed part below the water to obtain a complete 3D topography.The topography above the water measured by UAV has the vertical precision of 12 cm.When the TPF method is used,the cross-section should be perpendicular the central axis of the tidal creek.A polynomial function can be adapted to most shape of sections,while a Fourier function obtains better results in asym-metrical sections.Compared with the two-order function,the three-order function lends itself to more complex sections.Generally,the TPF method is more suitable for small,straight tidal creeks with clear texture and no vegetation cover.  相似文献   
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