Boundary Conditions and Efficient Solution Algorithms For the Potential Function Formulation of the 3-D Viscous Flow Equations     

G. A. Houseman 《Geophysical Journal International》1990,100(1):33-38

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TEMPORAL TRENDS IN SOIL PRODUCTIVITY EVALUATIONS*     

Bryan D. Baker  Philip J. Gersmehl 《The Professional geographer》1991,43(3):304-318

Studies of soil productivity must compensate for the effects of temporal trends in order to examine the pattern of crop yields along spatial gradients. An analysis of the published yield estimates for 30 soils in 233 counties, however, did not find consistent yield increases over the past three decades. On the contrary, the yield estimates for many soils were markedly uniform since 1972. The uniformity appears to have two causes: the acknowledged difficulty of making yield estimates in a time of increasing variability in soil and crop management, both within and between regions, and surveyors' awareness of data stored in a national soils data base. The effect is to cast doubt on soil productivity data reported in county soil surveys published between 1973 and 1988.  相似文献   

Gravitational collapse and equilibrium conditions of a toroidal vortex with thermal pressure     

K. Yu. Bliokh  V. M. Kontorovich 《Astronomy Letters》2003,29(11):724-730

We found the equilibrium conditions for a self-gravitating toroidal vortex by taking thermal pressure into account. These conditions are shown to significantly differ from those for a disk or a sphere. The evolution of a thin vortex turns it into a compact vortex that loses mechanical stability for low masses at a polytropic index γ<4/3 but retains stability for sufficiently high masses and densities determined by the velocity circulation in the vortex.  相似文献   

澳门附近海域沉积物污染状况及特征分析     

张和庆  谢健 《广东海洋大学学报》2003,23(3):39-44

掌握澳门附近海域沉积物的污染状况及特征,对于合理安排澳门海洋海岸工程疏浚泥的海洋倾倒,防止造成海洋污染有十分重要的意义。根据1997—1999年连续三年对澳门附近主要区域的海洋沉积物采样测定结果,通过分析认为澳门附近海域沉积物污染具有下列特征:1)沉积物中重金属和油类含量普遍较高,除了总Hg外均高于珠江口海区的其他港口;2)沉积物中污染物的分布受人类活动的影响明显,澳门内港受船只排污、码头作业、陆地工业和生活污水排放的影响,是澳门附近海域沉积物污染最为严重区域;3)受水质交换的影响明显,澳门外港、路环岛东北等区域受珠江径流影响水质交换较快,沉积物中污染物的含量较低,而内港由于水质交换较差,沉积物中污染物的含量相对较高;4)与沉积物的成分组成(吸附)有关,大部分污染物与沉积物中粉砂有较好的相关性,表明粉砂对污染物质有较广泛性的吸附能力,尤其是Cu、Zn、Cd、油类、有机质。  相似文献   

实验条件对X射线衍射物相定量分析结果的影响   总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2  

房俊卓  张霞  徐崇福 《岩矿测试》2008,27(1):60-62

通过实验验证了多物相试样X射线衍射定量分析的基体效应,着重研究了参比强度K值、衍射强度、混合物各物相粒度、X射线管功率等实验条件对物相定量分析结果的影响。结果表明,物相定性分析是定量分析的前提,采用积分强度、使各物相颗粒尽可能细而且均匀、采用较高的X射线管功率以及适合的扫描速率均有利于提高物相X射线衍射定量分析的准确度。  相似文献   

Framing in geographical analysis of environmental conflicts: Theory, methodology and three case studies     

Deborah F. Shmueli 《Geoforum》2008,39(6):2048-2061

When applied to environmental concerns, framing offers a rigorous conceptual and analytic approach with potentially practical significance for dealing with complex issues relevant to geography. The purpose of this article is to introduce framing concepts, typology and modes of analysis to address issues which geographers commonly treat: disputes over land ownership and uses, competition for water resources, cultural clashes over control of territory and resources and the impact of spatial patterns and structures when siting noxious sites. Framing analysis is applied to three cases of environmental conflict in Israel and, more generally, for understanding conflicts revolving around the management of human habitats in relation to the physical environment.  相似文献   

贵州绥阳双河洞国家地质公园洞穴基本特征及成因探讨   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

刘平 《贵州地质》2008,25(4)

106地质大队于1959～1960年曾对双河洞石膏矿进行过地质勘查。1986年～2006年4月,先后有中、法、日等国专家19次进双河洞考察,初步查明了该洞总长度为105.7km,是亚洲第二长洞,在世界上排名第16位。该洞不仅规模宏大,网络复杂,且有一定数量的次生淋滤型石膏矿分布,成为国内外罕见的独特洞穴景观。双河洞自2004年荣获国家地质公园称号以来,已引起国内外专家的广泛关注。该洞的形成,与该区域大范围内下寒武统清虚洞组上部至中寒武统平井组下部白云岩中,含大量硬石膏层有着密切的成因联系。  相似文献   

水动力条件差异导致潮坪分形特征变化实例研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

贾永刚  付元宾  许国辉  单红仙  曹雪晴 《海洋学报》2003,25(3):59-67

研究区位于1964～1976年黄河由刁口流路入海时形成的三角洲潮坪.为进行石油开采在潮坪上构筑的交通设施对波浪形成了良好的屏障,水动力条件具有显著差异的屏障两侧潮坪是研究潮坪特征对水动力条件响应的天然实验场所.在屏障两侧各选择一典型区,实测地貌形态,取样品进行粒度成分分析,根据实测资料分析确定潮坪分形特征.发现水动力环境的强弱决定着潮坪的形貌、沉积物粒度分维值的变化规律.水动力环境强的一侧潮坪滩面分维值高,且随着初始计算网格宽度增大迅速降维;表层沉积物粒度分维值小,且离散性大.相反,在另一侧潮坪滩面分维值低,且随着初始计算网格宽度增大分维值无显著变化;表层沉积物粒度分维值高,且具有较好的一致性.当初始计算网格宽度增大到某个值时,两侧潮坪形貌分维值渐趋一致.在屏障两侧各沿一条与屏障大角度相交的测线取样,并各选择一点采取不同深度的样品做分析计算,发现在水动力条件弱的一侧,样品的粒度分维值表现为远离屏障逐步降维、随深度增加分维值增大的规律;相反一侧粒度分维值变化的规律性很不明显.讨论了水动力环境对潮坪分形特征影响机理.  相似文献   

Sensitivity to stress of the estuarine bivalve Macoma balthica from areas between the Netherlands and its southern limits (Gironde)     

H. Hummel  C. Amiard-Triquet  G. Bachelet  M. Desprez  J. Marchand  B. Sylvand  J.C. Amiard  H. Rybarczyk  R.H. Bogaards  J. Sinke  Y. De Wit  L. De Wolf 《Journal of Sea Research》1996,35(4):315-321

Variation in the sensitivity to stress of Macoma balthica was measured in several French and Dutch estuaries. For adult and juvenile Macoma balthica exposed to copper under conditions of starvation, differences in mortality rate, condition, glycogen, burrowing rate and copper content were assessed. No significant differences were observed between adults and juveniles; the influence of treatment and origin was always evident. Animals from the most southern estuaries, Loire and Gironde, near to the species's southern limit of distribution, showed, in the field, the strongest deviations for the ecophysiological traits measured, and were in the experiments the most sensitive to stress.  相似文献   

波浪作用下岸坡和海底平衡条件的研究     

沈剑平  范德江 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(4)

提出波浪作用下岸坡和海底动态和静态平衡条件的数学模型。在已建立的推移质泥沙体积输沙率基本关系式的基础上,根据连续方程,计算出底坡、泥沙、波浪三要素在动态和静态平衡情况下的关系式,得出反映这种关系的底坡平衡函数曲线图。用实际资料对这一函数曲线进行了验证,并对实际资料相对模型的某些差异作出解释。  相似文献