排序方式： 共有12条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
本文介绍了LZY_(1-1)型光电浊度仪的设计原理,标定方法及使用结果,该仪器用经典法校准后,能快速测量大批量样品的悬浮物含量。 相似文献
2.
An atmospheric monitoring station is operated at Cape Matatula, American Samoa, by the Geophysical Monitoring for Climatic Change program under the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. A nearly continuous record of condensation nucleus (CN) concentration and multiwavelength aerosol scattering extinction coefficient (sp) is available from mid-1977 to the present. This report presents the 1977–1983 data. The long-term mean of CN concentration is 274 cm-3 the long-term mean of sp (550 nm) is 1.54×10-5, and no significant long-term, annual, or diurnal trend is apparent in either data record. 相似文献
3.
TSI3563型积分式浊度计是一种性能出色的气溶胶散射系数观测仪器,然而由于仪器设计所固有的限制,TSI3563型浊度计观测结果包含有角度截断和非朗伯体光源两项系统性误差,会使观测结果较真值偏小10%左右。因此,需要对TSI3563型浊度计的观测结果进行校正才能得到较为精确的散射系数观测值。该研究利用2009年华北平原HaChi气溶胶外场观测数据测试了现有校正方法,结果显示,传统的校正方法在我国华北平原这样的高气溶胶污染地区并不适用。为此,提出一种改进的校正方法,利用同时观测的PM1和PM10数据,在校正方案中加入超微米粒子体积比这一参量,对于不同体积比采用不同的校正函数。利用实际观测数据检验后发现,改进方法的校正效果相对于传统方法有很大改善。 相似文献
4.
上甸子本底站气溶胶散射系数变化特征的初步分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
根据上甸子大气成分本底站从2004～2006年的连续观测数据,分析了区域大气粒子光散射系数的变化特点,以了解本底地区大气气溶胶粒子的基本特征.卜甸子地区3年数据比较表明,散射系数平均水平较低,但在2006年有所升高,主要表现在受春季沙尘天气的影响,污染次数增多.其次,散射系数日变化规律表现为白大低夜间高,午后出现最低值,此变化与大气层结的日变化趋势一致.从季节变化看,冬季和春季的散射系数相对较低,而夏季和秋季的值较高,这与气象条件及内外源的影响都有关系.天气对粒子变化的影响表现为,晴天无云时的大气状况有利于污染物的重直输送,散射系数远远低于阴天时的数值.另一方面,风向对本底站粒子浓度影响也较明显.来自东北东方向的空气较干净,散射系数值通常较低,而西南西风向通常会引起散射系数值的增大,说明位于西南方向上的北京等城镇的污染输送对上甸子本底站的大气状况有一定影响.最后,通过拟和散射系数小时平均值出现频率曲线,对上甸子地区本底浓度值作了初步估算,其范围在10~20 Mm~(-1). 相似文献
5.
Assessment of the radiative forcing of aerosols in models still lacks sufficient input data for aerosol hygroscopicity. The light scattering enhancement factor [ f(RH, λ)] is a crucial parameter for describing aerosol hygroscopic growth properties.In this paper, we provide a survey of f(RH, λ) studies in China for the past seven years, including instrument developments of humidified nephelometers, ambient f(RH, λ) measurements in China, f(RH, λ) parameterization schemes, and f(RH, λ)applications in aerosol measurements. Comparisons of different f(RH, λ) parameterizations are carried out to check their performance in China using field measurement datasets. We also summary the parameterization schemes for predicting f(RH, λ)with aerosol chemical compositions. The recently developed methods to observe other aerosol properties using f(RH, λ)measurements, such as calculating the aerosol hygroscopicity parameter, cloud condensation nuclei number concentration,aerosol liquid water content, and aerosol asymmetry factor, are introduced. Suggestions for further research on f(RH, λ) in China are given. 相似文献
6.
积分浊度计在沙尘暴监测网试验中应用分析 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
中国气象局在沙尘暴监测网各站点安装了积分浊度计，这是国内首次利用积分浊度计进行大面积气溶胶光学性质的监测。文章选取北京观象台2003年9月2日至11月18日散射系数数据以及部分PMIO质量浓度数据，结合气象资料分析了观测期间散射系数的变化特征，散射系数与PMIO质量浓度以及能见度的关系，得出观测期间散射系数的平均值(标准偏差)为306．2Mm^-1(292．78Mm^-1)；风速对散射系数有重要影响；散射系数与PMIO质量浓度有较好的相关性(r=0．761)，与能见度存在负相关关系(r=-0．716)。 相似文献
7.
8.
Measurements of aerosol optical characteris- tics were carried out with a Photoelectric Aerosol Nephelometer （PhAN） in Beijing and at Xinglong Obser- vatory, which is located 150 km northeast of Beijing. Aerosol size distributions were retrieved by means of the inverse problem solution. Mean volume size distributions of the fine aerosol fraction were unimodal with the maximum radius in the range 0.11-0.15 pm. Accumula- tion of aerosol matter in the air basin of Beijing takes place mainly due to the growth of particle size, but not their number. A simple optical method to detect aerosol nonsphericity is proposed. 相似文献
9.
中国北方气溶胶散射和PM10浓度特征 总被引：14，自引：10，他引：4
利用积分浊度计和PM10浓度监测仪,对中国北方2005年观测的气溶胶散射系数σsp与可吸入颗粒物PM10质量浓度的分析表明,张北站σsp年均值为130 Mm-1,民勤站σsp年均值为116 Mm-1;四季中都是冬季均值最高,张北站sσp为301.6 Mm-1,民勤站σsp为170.9 Mm-1,这说明张北站的气溶胶散射情况比民勤站显著。而PM10浓度反映了不同的变化规律,张北站PM10年均值为53μg.m-3,民勤站PM10年均值为130μg.m-3;四季中都是春季均值最高,张北站PM10为82.2μg.m-3,民勤站PM10为190.1μg.m-3,这说明民勤站的PM10污染比张北站严重很多。张北站的质量散射效率α年均值为2.4 m2.g-1,民勤站的α年均值为1.1 m2.g-1,这与张北站全年主要受城市污染型气溶胶的影响,而民勤站全年主要受沙尘气溶胶的影响有密切关系。α具有反映中国北方两种典型气溶胶的能力。 相似文献
10.
Levasseur-Regourd A.C. Cabane M. Haudebourg V. Worms J.C. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1998,80(1-3):343-368
Most of our knowledge on heterogeneous media in the Universe comes from the light they scatter. This light is mainly linearly
polarized, and the polarization phase curves contain information about the properties of the scattering dust. In the solar
system, the dust seems to be made of irregular aggregates with a size greater than a few microns and a fractal structure.
Many constraints appear in the scattering computations, due to the trickiness of the mathematical calculations, and to our
ignorance of the precise structure of the dust. This leads to the necessity to perform light scattering measurements on characteristic
aggregates, built under low velocity ballistic collisions. Microgravity is a sensible way to achieve such measurements on
a cloud of levitating and aggregating dust particles. A first step has been the PROGRA2 experiment, which operates during parabolic flights on an aircraft. The instrument is a polar nephelometer measuring successively
the light scattered by a dust sample at various angles; it is fully operational, and will provide a data base of polarization
phase curves. A second step is the CODAG-SR experiment, which uses the duration of a rocket flight to build up dust aggregates.
The instrument measures simultaneously the light scattered at numerous phase angles; it is now space qualified, and should
provide in a near future a monitoring of the intensity and polarization phase curves while the aggregation processes are taking
place.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献