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Information systems developed for different applications within the environmental domain have common characteristics, which can potentially be abstracted for sharing and reuse of design and software modules. This article presents an approach to designing for reuse by abstracting commonalities in the design of a Marine Information System (MIS), facilitating data management in a prototype operational monitoring, forecasting, and management system for the North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas. A detailed study of the requirements and data analysis was carried out, and Object-Oriented Technology (OOT) is employed to encapsulate abstractions and to promote reuse of code and design. This article identifies the Object-Oriented Frameworks (OOFW) required to build the MIS. It also provides guidelines to environmental scientists for restructuring legacy software and employing modern programming techniques. 相似文献
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Developments in the characterisation of waste materials for environmental impact assessment purposes
H.A. van der Sloot J.C.L. Meeussen A. van Zomeren D.S. Kosson 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,88(1-3):72
The characterisation of waste is entering a new phase with the latest developments of characterisation leaching tests and associated modelling capabilities. The currently applied too simple testing approaches lead to poor choices in waste management. With the increased insight in release controlling processes chemical speciation aspects can be addressed even in the most complex and heterogeneous waste materials. From a composition perspective materials may be highly variable, but often materials are far more consistent in their leaching behaviour. This aspect should be exploited more extensively as it holds the key to treat waste materials in such a way that long term solutions are achieved rather than reaching temporary gains. 相似文献
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文章借鉴SDS(可持续发展系统)评价模型,在生态环境地质调查的基础上,综合考虑了评价区气候条件、区域地质条件、地质灾害、土地资源、植被条件、人类活动强度等控制生态环境地质质量的基本指标,建立区域生态环境地质评价模型,并应用于海南省西南部的生态环境地质评价,结果表明该模型具有简单、实用的特点。 相似文献
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出岔金矿床是受向斜构造控制的金矿床，论述了金矿床的成矿地质特征，矿床成因，总结了矿床找矿标志，提出了找矿方向。 相似文献
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《环境影响评价技术导则地下水环境》(HJ610-2011)的颁布与实施,对规范煤炭工业建设项目地下水环境影响评价工作,提高地下水环境影响评价的技术水平具有十分重要的意义。然而自导则颁布以来,业内对地下水评价工作的技术难度存在不同的理解,尤其是煤炭行业项目类型较多,对地下水环境的扰动特点及复杂程度不一。从地下水评价的四个方面:分类定级、现状调查评价、影响预测、预防措施逐一进行分析,提出每项工作中常见的问题和难点,并给出相应的理解和建议,期待可以提高地下水评价工作的科学性和合理性。 相似文献
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Elaine Nolasco Ribeiro Wilson Cabral de Sousa Jr Marcelo de Julio Wilfredo Urruchi Irrazabal Marcelo Antunes Nolasco 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(7):627-634
One way to reduce water consumption in urban areas is by using alternative sources of supply that can be provided by collecting rainwater and reusing wastewater for less restricted purposes. Thus, this study evaluated the characteristics of effluents produced by the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of São Paulo International Airport (SPIA), Brazil, in order to reuse it in non‐potable situations. The results achieved, indicated high efficiency in the biological system utilized by SPIA. The removal rates is equal to or >90% for most of the parameters analyzed, among them, fluoride, salinity, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, phosphorus, sedimentable solids, turbidity, conductivity, apparent color, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, fecal coliforms, and oils and greases. Despite the final effluents were good enough to be launched in the local streams, they shall be submitted to a complementary treatment in order to fit some quality parameters to be reused for specific demands (landscape irrigation, toilet flushing, vehicle washing, fire fighting, and dust control). 相似文献
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在总结国内外企业层面温室气体核算指南的现状和发展趋势的基础上,指出了确定正确的核算边界、选取合适的排放核算范围以及选择准确的排放活动水平和排放因子数据,是中国编制企业温室气体核算指南面临的关键问题,并提出了完善中国企业层面温室气体核算体系的对策建议：一是完善中国企业温室气体排放管理的相关制度安排;二是现阶段选择企业作为核算边界,建立并完善重点企业和设施的温室气体直报系统;三是将外购电力和热力消费引起的间接排放也纳入核算体系中,并根据行业具体情况及未来发展趋势确定所包括的温室气体种类;四是完善数据计量及收集工作,加强统计工作能力建设;五是统一排放因子的选择规则,逐步建立中国的排放因子数据库;六是建议设定企业温室气体报告门槛。 相似文献
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《Geoforum》2017
Steel is a critical material for modern-day societies, and more than half of the world’s steel is used in buildings. As the extraction of iron ore and the production and transport of manufactured steel have significant environmental costs, the fate of steel is important for socio-technical transitions towards more sustainable materials use. Using steel in buildings as a case study socio-technical transition, this paper develops a novel application of the multi-level perspective (MLP) that adopts an explicitly material lens. We focus on the circulation of steel between three key life stages for buildings which are treated as socio-technical regimes as described in the MLP. Drawing on concepts from assemblage theory, we consider the role played by the material and expressive qualities of steel within each of these regimes. Our material focus also requires attention to the spatial dimensions of these three regimes and their implications for socio-technical transitions. We describe the nexus of material affordances and inter-scalar relations that influences the use of steel in buildings and consider the potential for change. The main contribution of this paper is to extend the MLP to incorporate a focus on materiality and, in a related way, spatiality. Based on the analysis presented we consider how steel use in Australian buildings may be rendered more sustainable. 相似文献