Interaction of copper with fatty acids in Soxhlet extraction and its influence     

Ming Jin  Yanqing Xia  Tianzhu Lei  Junli Qiu  Rui Zhang 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(2):157-160

Treatment with metallic copper for the removal of elemental sulfur from bitumen extracted from sedimentary rocks or petroleum is the most widely used method. Little attention has been paid, however, to its disadvantages. It was observed that copper can interact with some polar organic substances during conventional sulfur removal, which can strongly influence the quantitative and qualitative determination of bitumen, as has been confirmed by interaction of long-chain fatty acids with copper. The copper soap generated was analyzed by element analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry （ICP-OES）, thermal analysis （TG-DSC） and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy （FFIR）. Mechanism of the interaction was investigated and elucidated. Our experimental results would necessitate improvement of the present method for sulfur removal and/or a search for a new one.  相似文献   

Increasing of efficiency of desulphurisation processes of coals during thermal destruction     

Turchanina Oksana Satin Vladimir Derevyanko Aleksey 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):51-52

As is well known, a high content of sulphur in coals is an effect of the post-depositional history of coal seams and one of the most important criteria of its use as a fuel. Sulphur in coals can cause a serious environmental and technological problem during their utilization. This problem is very actual for the Donetsk Basin because 734 mined seams out of the total of 1009 （73%） are comprised of coals with sulphur content -2%. The chemical pre-treatment as a first stage in their processing is widely used in order to effectively obtain the thermal destruction products of coals （such as semi-coke, coke, adsorbents, etc.） and to simultaneously utilize coal wastes. Development in pre-treatment methods for high-sulphur, low-rank coals is especially desirable for reducing the sulphur contents of the solid products. The aim of the present work is to investigate the influence of coal pre-treatment on the yield and composition of thermal destruction products, and the sulphur distribution among different components of the coals of different genetic types by reductivity （low-reduced LRC and reduced RC coals）. The thermal behavior of the coals was studied by means of the Fisher method （heated to 520℃, at a rate of 7℃/min）. The composition of the semi-coking gas was investigated by means of a VTI gas analyzer. The coal samples were chemically treated directly before thermal destruction by the introduction of 1-% solutions of radical polymerization initiator AAD （acrylic acid dinitrile C8H12N4） and products of coal-tar distillation （absorber oil）. Coal pre-treatment increases the semi-coke yield and its coking ability, and changes the liquid/gaseous product ratio.  相似文献   

天然焦型煤层气储存特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何玉梅  张俊宝 《中国煤田地质》2003,15(3):18-19,48

天然焦具有良好的物性条件，含有大量的瓦斯气体，是一个理想的储气层。但在煤矿生产中却经常是遇到天然焦因瓦斯增大而中止生产的现象时有发生。本文根据天然焦的物性条件，结合阜新矿区井下实践，论述了煤层气在天然焦内的储存特征，并指出了在煤层气开发利用方面应予以重视的问题。  相似文献   

康山“沥青脉”的成因   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

徐克定 《海相油气地质》1997,2(3):54-59

通过对康山固体可燃脉体产状、脉石矿物性质、构造发展史的综合分析，认为民因很可能是下寒武统荷塘组中的的软沥青和有机质，在加里东运动期间，由于区域应力体系的变化而爆炸运移形成的。康山脉石矿物是沥青和有机质，不是煤和无机物。沥青的源岩为下武统荷组富有机质的黑色泥岩、硅质泥岩、硅质岩。康山脉中的固体沥青和有机质，当初挤入时应呈塑性流动状态，康山沥青系由石油经热演化而成。  相似文献   

页岩、煤、沥青和原油的生气实验研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王云鹏  耿安松  刘德汉  熊永强  申家贵 《沉积学报》2004,22(Z1):106-109,117

选取了有代表性的页岩(海相页岩与油页岩)、煤、沥青与原油样品进行了真空封闭体系生气模拟实验,研究了不同生气母质的生气高峰阶段及其在不同热演化阶段的气产率及气体组成 ,综合探讨了不同生气母质的生气机制与生气规律及母质类型、热演化程度等对气产率及所生天然气组成的影响.为有效气源岩的判识提供了实验依据.  相似文献   

Ruthenium-ion-catalyzed oxidation of asphaltenes and oil-source correlation of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields in the Tarim Basin, NW China     

马安来张水昌  张大江金之钧马晓娟  陈清棠 《中国地球化学学报》2005,24(1):28-36

The identification of marine source rocks in the Tarim Basin is debated vigorously. The intention of this paper is to investigate the asphahenes in heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tabe oilfields and Well TD2 with ruthenium-ions-catalyzed oxidation technique (RICO), in order to explore its role in oil-oil and oil-source correlations, The RICO products included n-alkanoic acids, α,ω-di-n-alkanoic acids, branched alkanoic acids, tricyclic terpanoic acids, hopanoic acids, gammacerane carboxylic acid , regular sterane carboxylic acids and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids. The n-alkyl chains and biomarkers bounded on the asphaltenes were of unsusceptibility to biodegradation. The distribution and absolute concentrations of n-alkanoic acids in the RICO products of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tabe oilfields are different from those of Well TD2. The biomarkers bounded on the asphahenes, especially steranes, have a distribution trend similar to that of the counterparts in saturates. The sterane carboxylic acids and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids in the RICO products of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields, dominated by C30 sterane and C31 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids, respectively, are significantly different from those of the heavy oils of Well TD2, whose dominating sterane and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids are C28 sterane and C29 4-methylsterane acids, respectively. The RICO products of the asphaltenes further indicate that the Middle-Upper Ordovician may be the main source rocks for heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tabe oilfields.  相似文献   

Biomineralization of Uranium: A Simulated Experiment and Its Significance   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

L. L. BARTON  H. WIATROWSKI 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(1):134-138

A simulated experimental reduction of U^v1 and the synthesis of uraninite by a sulfate-reducing bacteria,Desulfovibrio desulfuricans DSM 642, are first reported. The simulated physicochemical experimental conditions were:35℃, pH=7.0-7.4, corresponding to the environments of formation of the sandstone-hosted interlayer oxidation-zone type uranium deposits in Xinjiang, NW China. Uraninite was formed on the surface of the host bacteria after a one-week‘s incubation. Therefore, sulfate-reducing bacteria, which existed extensively in Jurassic sandstone-producing environments,might have participated in the biomineralization of this uranium deposit. There is an important difference in the orderdisorder of the crystalline structure between the uraninite produced by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and naturally occurring uraninite. Long time and slow precipitation and growth of uraninite in the geological environment might have resulted in larger uraninite crystals, with uraninite nanocrystals arranged in order, whereas the experimentally produced uraninite is composed of unordered uraninite nanocrystals which, in contrast, result from the short time span of formation and rapid precipitation and growth of uraninite. The discovery has important implications for understanding genetic significance in mineralogy, and also indicates that in-situ bioremediation of U-contaminated environments and use of biotechnology in the treatment of radioactive liquid waste is being contemplated.  相似文献   

新疆白杨河铍铀矿床萤石Sm-Nd和沥青铀矿U-Pb年代学及其地质意义   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

衣龙升  范宏瑞  翟明国  李月湘  马汉峰  田建吉  修晓茜 《岩石学报》2016,32(7):2099-2110

白杨河矿床是我国类型独特的一个特大型铍、铀多金属矿床,铍矿物主要确定为羟硅铍石,铀矿物主要发现沥青铀矿和次生的硅钙铀矿以及少量的铌铀矿,伴生矿物主要是萤石。为恢复铀和铍的成矿过程,划分成矿阶段,本次工作通过系统采集钻孔中的萤石样品,进行了Sm-Nd同位素测年研究,获得了三组等时线年龄,分别为291±16Ma、265±33Ma和207±37Ma,代表了成矿前、成矿期和成矿后萤石的形成;采集中心工地、新西工地和九号工地平巷内的沥青铀矿样品,进行了UPb同位素测年研究,获得了~(206)Pb/~(238)U表观年龄237.8±3.3Ma、224±3.1Ma、197.8±2.8Ma、97.8±1.4Ma和30.0±0.4Ma,利用U-Pb表观年龄将铀矿化划分为四个阶段:中三叠世、晚三叠-早侏罗世、晚白垩世和古近纪中期。因此,白杨河矿床具有铍早铀晚的成矿特点,铀成矿经历了四个阶段。  相似文献   

单个油包裹体和微区沥青显微红外光谱分峰拟合技术及应用          下载免费PDF全文

王倩茹  陈红汉  胡守志  赵玉涛  陈慧钦 《地球科学》2016,41(11):1921-1934

针对单个油包裹体和储层沥青等结构复杂样品傅里叶变换显微红外光谱吸收峰严重重叠的问题,基于高斯、洛伦茨函数或其组合(高斯-洛伦茨)模型理论,采用显微红外分峰拟合技术,对塔中北坡顺托果勒地区单个油包裹体成熟度和储层沥青成因进行了系统分析,并取得了4点认识:(1) 通过与Pironon对合成油包裹体的峰位坐标区域化划分吸收峰对比,认为分峰拟合技术更为真实地反映各子峰的面积,而且能够识别重叠区“隐蔽”的吸收峰,有助于准确判别有机质的结构组成;(2) 高斯、洛伦茨函数或其组合(高斯-洛伦茨)模型拟合子峰时,高斯-洛伦茨函数分布拟合的吸收峰与实测光谱吻合度较高,噪音目标越低拟合效果越好,但计算耗时越长,故优选噪音目标在1~10高斯-洛伦茨函数分布拟合各子峰;(3) 结合流体包裹体系统分析和均一温度-埋藏史投影法,单个油包裹体显微红外参数(CH_2a/CH_3a、X_inc、X_std等)揭示塔中北坡顺托果勒地区存在3期油充注,分别为加里东晚期、晚海西期和喜山期;(4) 显微红外光谱定量化分析是研究储层沥青多成因化和多期次油气充注叠加作用的有效手段,分析结果说明塔中北坡顺托果勒地区储层沥青经历了生物降解、氧化降解和水洗淋滤作用.   相似文献   

有限圈闭复杂沥青质稠油层钻井难点与对策          下载免费PDF全文

鲍洪志  肖超  赵向阳  何青水  杨顺辉  王朝明 《探矿工程》2016,43(12):18-22

中东YD油田为海相碳酸盐岩地层,Kazh地层分布着活跃的非均质沥青质稠油,高压并含有酸性气体,为非目的层,需要钻穿并封隔该层后对下部产层进行开发。由于沥青质稠油层分布不均,孔隙压力不确定,对钻井工程造成了极大的挑战。在一期施工中,3口井由于沥青质稠油的侵入被迫工程弃井,未能实现工程目的。针对此世界性难点问题,开展了沥青质稠油侵入机理实验研究、固化剂研制、控压钻井技术应用等一系列配套工艺技术研究,提出了复杂沥青质稠油层安全钻井技术对策,现场应用取得较好的效果。  相似文献