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材料研究与制备过程中的几个矿物学岩石学问题 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在材料的研究与制备过程中往往会遇到很多有趣的矿物学、岩石学问题。这些问题有些是矿物学工作者和材料研究者所熟悉的,是材料研究者直接利用了矿物学工作者的研究成果。而有些问题是材料研究者首先发现,并将其中的某些条件加以利用,但缺少深入的矿物学理论研究;还有些工作是矿物学工作者得到的矿物学纯理论研究成果,但却不知如何应用到材料的开发与研究中。这就造成了介于矿物学与材料学之间的一个薄弱环节。这个薄弱环节为矿物、岩石工作者提供了一个广阔的研究领域和很多富有诱惑力的崭新的研究课题。于是一个新的分支学科———矿… 相似文献
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富Ca,Al包体、球粒和蠕虫状橄榄石集合体都是早期星云事件的产物。本文探讨了4个富橄榄石的富Ca,Al组分集合体的矿物岩石学特征,并对它们进行了对比。矿物岩石学特征表明含橄榄石边的富尖晶石-辉石型包体和富Ca,Al组分蠕虫状橄榄石集合体都属于星云直接凝聚的产物,而富钙长石-橄榄石型包体(POI)和富Ca,Al组分球粒经历过熔融结晶过程。矿物模式组成表明POI包体和富Ca,Al组分球粒可能是认识典型富Ca,Al包体与球粒之间相互关系的钥匙。蠕虫状橄榄石集合体GRV022459-2C1中尖晶石普遍具有高的FeO含量,表明其蚀变发生于高氧逸度的星云环境。球粒与粗粒富Ca,Al包体可能属于同一热事件的产物,粗粒富Ca,Al包体形成于富Ca,Al矿物富集的区域,Mg,Fe质硅酸盐球粒形成于富Ca,Al矿物缺失的区域,POI包体和富Ca,Al组分球粒可能形成于上述两个区域之间的过渡区域。 相似文献
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广西大厂锡多金属矿区钙长石产出的地质环境及成因机制 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文对广西大厂锡多金属矿区容矿岩石内含有钙长石大晶体岩石的岩石学，钙长石的产状，钙长石及有关矿物的成分特征等作了较为细致的研究，对其自生成因的机理进行了探讨，阐明了成岩作用对矿床的形成有关重要的地质意义。 相似文献
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GiovanniFerraris MarcoCiriotti 《《幕》》2003,26(3):256-258
With regard to the number of mineral species first dis-covered in a particular country, Italy ranks fourth, being preceded only by USA, Russia and Germany. Important rock-forming minerals like analcime, anorthite, anortho-clase, antigorite, celadonite, diopside, dolomite,forsterite, humite, leucite, lime, lizardite, magnesiochlo-ritoid, magnesite, nepheline, and sepiolite are among the 240 species first discovered in Italy. Other significant first Italian findings are some important index mineralsof the UHP metamorphism (ellenbergerite, phosphoel-lenbergerite, magnesiodumortierite, and magnesiostau-rolite; second occurrence of coesite) which were discov-ered in the well-known and first reported UHP outcrop of the Dora-Màira massif Italy is also the native land of about 30 zeolites and of the two most abundant modern species: balangeroite and carlosturanite, which are rock-forming asbestos-like minerals of serpentinites in the western Alps. 相似文献
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微生物的粘附对矿物的溶解有较大影响.本文通过对比实验,利用透析的方法,系统研究了钙长石与多粘芽孢杆菌（Paenibacillus polymyxa）及其大分子代谢产物直接接触和无接触（透析）时的溶解行为.实验结果表明,在实验持续的10天内,细菌作用下钙长石的溶解显著加速,同时伴有纳米级次生沉淀的生成（只在接触实验中）及钙长石表面相对于Si贫Ca,Al的淋滤层的形成.对有菌的接触和透析实验,元素Ca,Al和Si的溶出特征差异明显,主要表现为：Ca在透析条件下的溶出能力显著强于接触条件下,而Al和Si正相反.这一溶出差异性表明,在机理上钙长石中Ca的溶出主要与质子交换作用有关,Al和Si的溶出则主要与配体络合作用优先破坏其架状结构中的Al-O-Si键有关.研究同时表明,在溶解动力学上,Ca的溶出主要受表面反应和淋滤层扩散控制,粘附的细菌会通过抑制表面反应以及Ca向溶液中的扩散来影响其溶出动力学;Al和Si的溶出则主要受表面反应控制,细菌的粘附可以加速该动力学过程. 相似文献
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Reflectance Spectral Characteristics of Lunar Surface Materials 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Yong-Liao Zou Jian-Zhong Liu Jian-Jun Liu Tao Xu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijin Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2004,4(1):97-104
Based on a comprehensive analysis of the mineral composition of major lunar rocks (highland anorthosite, lunar mare basalt and KREEP rock), we investigate the reflectance spectral characteristics of the lunar rock-forming minerals, including feldspar, pyroxene and olivine. The affecting factors, the variation of the intensity of solar radiation with wavelength and the reflectance spectra of the lunar rocks are studied. We also calculate the reflectivity of lunar mare basalt and highland anorthosite at 300 nm, 415 nm, 750 nm, 900 nm, 950 nm and 1000 nm. It is considered that the difference in composition between lunar mare basalt and highland anorthosite is so large that separate analyses are needed in the study of the reflectivity of lunar surface materials in the two regions covered by mare basalt and highland anorthosite, and especially in the region with high Th contents, which may be the KREEP-distributed region. 相似文献
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From the petrological study of ore-hosting focks which contain large anorthits crystals and the occurrence and chemical composition of anorthites and related minerals,the authors consider that the large anorthite crystals are of authigenic origin. The distribution characteristics of anorthites,i.e.,they are distributed along the bedding and structurally weak zones but not restricted to synsedimentary slump structures,and the relationship for some elements between anorthites and other minerals indicate that anorthites have resulted from reaction of circulating alkaline solutions rich in Al and Si with carbonated during the Indosinian orogeny.The results of this work suggest that the association of authigenic anorthites with bedded orebodies in the Dachang ore field may be the evidence that the mineralization is related to circulating underground hot waters. 相似文献
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西藏普兰地幔橄榄岩中尖晶石内的钙长石包裹体及其成因 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1
西藏普兰超镁铁岩体之东南缘与玄武岩接触界线附近的地幔橄榄岩中除有粒状半自形的钙长石产出外,还在尖晶石中发现有呈蠕虫状、浑圆状的钙长石包裹体存在.研究发现两种产状的钙长石An值都大于95且均无环带构造,说明钙长石从高Ca/Al比值的熔体中结晶时具有结晶时间短、结晶速度快的特点,可能形成于地壳较浅部位.从化学成分来看,包裹体形态的钙长石具有较高的Cr2O3含量,其寄主矿物尖晶石的Cr#值低且TiO2含量比深海橄榄岩中的尖晶石低得多,推断钙长石包裹体与寄主矿物尖晶石是在液相条件下几乎同时结晶的产物.综合研究表明钙长石包裹体的成因可能是玄武岩熔体在地壳较浅部位侵入方辉橄榄岩时,高温的玄武质熔体提供热源,使得方辉橄榄岩中尖晶石内的Cpx+ Opx细粒矿物包裹体在高温环境下发生熔融,发生Opx+ Cpx+ Sp→Ol+ Pl的反应,由于这种情况下尖晶石有剩余,故新生成的橄榄石和钙长石矿物仍然包裹于尖晶石内,从而形成尖晶石内部呈蠕虫状的钙长石包裹体. 相似文献