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重力滑脱构造在盆地演化中较为常见,地层或岩体在重力作用下向下方滑动所产生的构造变动存在广泛。歧口凹陷为渤海湾新生代盆地内一个次级构造单元凹陷,其特点是新生代沉积巨厚且构造活动强烈,为重力滑脱和相关构造形成提供了发育条件。按照滑脱面性质的不同,将歧口凹陷的滑脱构造分为3类:地层-断裂复合滑脱、顺层滑脱和断裂滑脱。在该凹陷中选其各自具代表性的构造,如埕北滑脱构造、塘沽新港滑脱构造和大张坨滑脱构造进行结构特征和演化等方面剖析。研究认为,歧口凹陷滑脱构造形成的主控因素为新生代凹陷区快速沉积、凸起带强烈隆升、前第三纪地层的滑移层和热力作用。滑脱构造大多有褶皱和断裂相伴生,其组合方式不同可为油气成藏提供有利条件。 相似文献
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The Kuqa foreland basin, adjacent to the South Tianshan Mountains, is a major hydrocarbon accumulation basin in Western China. The Kelasu structural belt is the focus for hydrocarbon exploration in the basin due to the presence of ramp-related anticline traps and a thick salt seal. The model of the Kelasu sub-salt structure is still contentious because of the structural complexity and poor seismic imaging below the salt layer. The area–depth–strain (ADS) method is applied to the southern part of the Kelasu Fault, a regional fault that cuts basement rocks. The ADS results are consistent with the seismic data, which indicate that both thin-skinned thrusting and basement-involved deformation occur within the Kelasu structure, with the Kelasu Fault acting as the boundary between the two regions of contrasting deformation. The ADS results also suggest that the depth of the lower detachment of the thin-skinned thrust belt is 9.5–10 km, which may correspond to the base of the Triassic. The Kelasu structure has undergone approximately 8.15–10.76 km of horizontal shortening in the east and 16.34 km in the west of the structure. 相似文献
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Mohamed Sadok Bensalem Mohamed Hedi Bensalem Amira Ayed Khaled Soulef Amamria Mohamed Ghanmi Fouad Zargouni 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2019,130(1):66-75
The development of belt structures in intracratonic chains is guided by the convergence system. In the Southern-Central Tunisian Atlas, several parameters control the evolution of thrust folds during different tectonic phases. One of these phases is tectonic inheritance, which leads to the reactivation of pre-existing normal faults during compressive phases. The angle between the direction of these faults and the shortening axis (NNW-SSE) is the most important parameter for interpreting the mode of the evolution of thrust folds. Jebel Elkebar is an example of a structure developed on NW-SE-oriented faults that is perpendicular to the shortening axis. Based on the geometry of its folds, Jebel Elkebar is interpreted as a 'Fault Related Fold'. The E-W-oriented Orbata structure is oblique to the direction of the shortening axis and is interpreted through the model 'Fault Propagation Fold' with 'Breakthrough'. The Gafsa Fault, which is parallel to the shortening axis, is a transpressional fault interpreted through the 'Strain Partitioning' mode, which is associated with the oblique ramp fold. The development of various thrust folds requires the presence of a basal decollement level during the Triassic succession. In the Southern-Central Tunisian Atlas, the deformation is variable (geometry of fold closure) and is correlated with the depth of the decollement level; indeed, the intensity of deformation is proportional to the depth of the decollement level. Consequently, the most important deformation is in the higher successions and is a vertical migration of the decollement level associated with thin-skinned deformation. 相似文献
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Huang Shenmu 《中国地震研究》2004,18(3):300-316
Summarizing the existing data of seismological and geological investigations and of strong and intermediate-strong earthquakes in‘ the Sichuan basin and its adjacent areas accumulated by the seismological and petroleum organizations in Sichuan and of the results of seismic prospecting and detailed exploration in Chengdu depression during the last 20 years permitted us to studythe types and distribution of hidden structures in Chengdu depression and its adjacent areas, in particular, to identify in, detail the “hidden faults” in the Chenngdu-Deyang area on the one hand; The obtained data indicate that the NE-trending Xinjin fault ruus northward and dies out in the south of Penzhen town of Shuangliu County; Meanwhile, we studied genetic relations of seismic activity to active faults and their corresponding movernent charaeteristics on the other hand, Moreover, the Surface faults and deep-seated faults are clearly defined and outlined,and 5 types of seismogenic faults suggestd. The knowledge thus obtained enables us to delimit the focal zones for potential strong earthquakes in Chengdu depression. The study suggests that a zone of 40 km wide and more than 100 km long on sides along the Chengu Deyang lim bas a stable seismogeological background and good engineering-seismological conditions. 相似文献
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湘中涟源凹陷内的滑脱构造 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
祁阳弧的成型和侏罗山式褶皱的发育,是在东西向挤压应力场作用下,盖层与前泥盆系基底之间的滑脱造成的。盖层内抗变形能力不同的海相地层在构造推挤和重力滑动中形成了多期次、多方向的滑脱构造。根据滑脱构造特征,涟源凹陷可划分为东部、中部和西部三个分区。 相似文献
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柯坪褶皱冲断带位于塔里木盆地西北缘,勘探程度低,地表、地下构造变形复杂,构造模型存在多解性.本文通过对最新地震资料的解释,结合地质露头和钻井资料,建立起该地区新的构造模型.柯坪褶皱冲断带构造变形具有东西分段、南北分带的特征.东西向具有“跷跷板式”的沉积特征.中部皮羌段中寒武统盐层厚度大,主要发育盐下冲断构造和盐上反向滑脱构造;东、西两段主要发育基底卷入构造.石炭纪柯坪褶皱冲断带存在一期古隆起构造.晚石炭世一早二叠世沉积的康克林组具有填平补齐的特征.皮羌段发育两期断裂.早期为海西期断裂,晚期为喜山期断裂.石炭纪古隆起受控于早期断裂.喜山期形成的盐上滑脱构造对下伏潜在的古油藏具有封闭和保存作用. 相似文献
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川东北-大巴山盆山体系岩石圈结构及浅深变形耦合 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来,盆山体系研究已经成为大陆动力学的热点和前沿领域之一。为了进一步理解大巴山前陆的构造演化,解决该区油气勘探的关键问题,中国地质科学院与中国石化南方公司合作,2007年完成了一条300km长的深地震反射剖面。基于深地震反射剖面提供的岩石圈结构的几何图式和深地震测深剖面提供的速度数据,作者分析了川东北-大巴山盆山体系的岩石圈结构特征,探讨了变形样式与岩石圈结构的关系,提出了对大巴山造山带形成的新认识。川东北-大巴山盆山体系继承了扬子克拉通基底。较大的岩石圈厚度和强度,导致扬子克拉通在与华北克拉通拼合后的陆内造山过程中, 将其收缩变形集中在其顶部而不是中下地壳,区域性的拆离层使盖层和基底解耦,结晶地壳保持弹性只出现大尺度的挠曲几乎没有横向缩短,故大巴山造山带表现为"薄皮"、"无根"的特征。大巴山造山带的席卷深度和变形样式主要受区域性的深部滑脱面控制,该滑脱面发育于寒武系底部泥岩层内,由TWT 4 .0s反射所指示。沿该滑脱面,城口断裂将南秦岭震旦系和古生界地层逆冲到浅表并向南西推覆60km叠置于四川盆地中-古生界地层之上;且镇巴断裂和城口断裂均收敛于该滑脱层,其下伏的变质岩层基本未卷入变形。 相似文献
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扬子地块北缘滑脱系统由一些发生于不同深度层次的滑脱面(带)及其之间的变形或未变形的岩石地层单位组成。鄂西北南化塘一带已确定出滑脱构造由三个主滑脱面(带)与下部强变形带、中部褶皱层及上部层滑岩片构成。这些结构单位各自都具有一定的岩石地层组成和变形构造形迹组合,并且自下而上虽然变形机制均以顺层剪切为主,但变形的性质与变形强度都有明显的变化。 相似文献