Fundamentals and Applications of Raman Spectroscopy of Carbonaceous Material(RSCM)Thermometry     

Ye Tian  Yuntao Tian 《地球科学进展》2020,35(3):259-274

This contribution attempts to summarize the principles, sample preparation, analytical procedures, influencing factors, and geological applications of Raman Spectroscopy of Carbonaceous Material (RSCM) thermometry. Irreversible graphitization of carbonaceous material in sedimentary rocks occurs during the process of reaching peak metamorphic temperature and can be effectively quantified by Raman spectroscopy. However, in addition to temperature, other factors, such as structural and compositional heterogeneity of carbonaceous materials, structural damage caused by polishing, wavelength and energy of laser used for analyses, hematite content,etc., also have significant influence on the Raman signals of carbonaceous materials. Therefore, fresh samples should be collected for analyses to eliminate the influence of hematite. Further, standard experimental procedure should be practiced to avoid the effects of polishing and laser parameter setups. Additionally, multiple (usually more than 25) analyses per sample should be carried out for deriving statistical average and uncertainty values so as to minimize the influence of sample heterogeneity. RSCM thermometry is applicable to a temperature range between 100~700 ℃, and has been widely used in many fields of geological studies, including metamorphism and deformation of orogens, sediment burial history, fault gouge characteristics and evolution, and maturation grade of carbonaceous materials,etc.  相似文献   

Conversion of carbonaceous material to graphite within the Greywacke Zone of the Eastern Alps   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gerd?RantitschEmail author  Werner?Grogger  Christian?Teichert  Fritz?Ebner  Christian?Hofer  Eva-Maria?Maurer  Bernhard?Schaffer  Michael?Toth 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2004,93(6):959-973

Morphology and reflectance of carbonaceous material (CM) in Late Carboniferous metasediments of the eastern Greywacke Zone (Eastern Alps) indicate a mixture of vitrinite, grainy textured and lamellar shaped particles. As imaged by high-resolution atomic-force microscopy, vitrinite and the grainy textured particles show mesophase structures which can be described as facetted nanocrystals within the carbon matrix. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy has revealed two types of microtextures representing different degrees of graphitization. The first type is characterized by elongated ring-shaped microtextures, whereas the second type is characterized by graphite lamellae and polygonal flakes with long-range ordered aromatic layers. In spite of the heterogeneity of the CMs, the geographical distribution of quantitative metamorphic parameter (Raman spectra parameter, X-ray diffraction pattern, microscopic reflectance) suggests a graphitization process which is promoted by advective heat transport during post-collisional processes. In a tentative pressure-time path, Late Cretaceous thrusting results in a turbostratic ordering of the aromatic layer. Ordering to long-range ordered aromatic layers was achieved during the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene exhumation of mid-crustal rocks beneath the eastern Greywacke Zone.  相似文献