Ion acoustic instability of HPT particles,FAC density,anomalous resistivity and parallel electric field in the auroral region     

C. S. Jayasree  G. Renuka  C. Venugopal 《Journal of Earth System Science》2003,112(4):559-567

During the magnetic storm of 21st March 1990, the DE-1 spacecraft encountered the auroral region at high invariant latitude at altitudes ranging from a few thousand kilometers in the ionosphere to many earth radii in the magnetosphere. The magnetic field perturbations interpretable as field aligned current (FAC) layers and the electrostatic turbulence possibly due to electrostatic ion acoustic instability driven by these currents are shown. The critical drift velocity of Hot Plasma Torus (HPT) electrons and the growth rate of ion acoustic wave as a function of electron to ion temperature ratio (T _e/T_i) for low and high current densities and energy of HPT electrons are found out. The intense FAC destabilizes the ion acoustic wave and the resultant electrostatic turbulence creates an anomalous resistivity. The current driven resistivity produces parallel electric field and high power dissipation. The anomalous resistivityη, potential difference along the auroral field lines V_t|, intensity of electric field turbulenceE _t| and power produced per unit volumeP are computed. It is found that the change in westward magnetic perturbation increasesJ _t|, η, V_t|, E_t| andP. Hence HPT electrons are heated and accelerated due to power dissipation during magnetically active periods in the auroral region. Concerning, applications, such HPT electrons can be used in particle accelerators like electron ring accelerator, smokatron etc.  相似文献   

Automated facies identification by Direct Push-based sensing methods (CPT,HPT) and multivariate linear discriminant analysis to decipher geomorphological changes and storm surge impact on a medieval coastal landscape     

Hanna Hadler  Andreas Vött  Timo Willershäuser  Dennis Wilken  Ruth Blankenfeldt  Claus von Carnap-Bornheim  Kurt Emde  Peter Fischer  Ulf Ickerodt  Stefanie Klooß  Bente Majchczack  Lea Obrocki  Wolfgang Rabbel 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2021,46(15):3228-3251

In ad 1362, a major storm surge drowned wide areas of cultivated medieval marshland along the north-western coast of Germany and turned them into tidal flats. This study presents a new methodological approach for the reconstruction of changing coastal landscapes developed from a study site in the Wadden Sea of North Frisia. Initially, we deciphered long-term as well as event-related short-term geomorphological changes, using a geoscientific standard approach of vibracoring, analyses of sedimentary, geochemical and microfaunal palaeoenvironmental parameters and radiocarbon dating. In a next step, Direct Push (DP)-based Cone Penetration Testing (CPT) and the Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) were applied at vibracore locations to obtain in situ high-resolution stratigraphic data. In a last step, multivariate linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was successfully applied to efficiently identify different sedimentary facies (e.g., fossil marsh or tidal flat deposits) from the CPT and HPT test dataset, to map the facies' lateral distribution, also in comparison to reflection seismic measurements and test their potential to interpolate the borehole and CPT/HPT data. The training dataset acquired for the key site from coring and DP sensing finally allows an automated facies classification of CPT/HPT data obtained elsewhere within the study area. The new methodological approach allowed a detailed reconstruction of the local coastal landscape development in the interplay of natural marsh formation, medieval land reclamation and storm surge-related land losses.  相似文献   

Geochemistry of Two Types of Basalts in the Emeishan Basaltic Province: Evidence for Mantle Plume-Lithosphere Interaction   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

ZHANG Zhaochong  WANG Fusheng Institute of Geology  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Beijing Liu Shuchun Liu Xinzhu 《《地质学报》英文版》2002,76(2):229-237

Based on the temporal-spatial distribution and geochemical characteristics, the Emeishan basalts can be divided into two types: high-P2O-TiO2 basalt (HPT) and low-P2O5-TiO2 basalt (LPT), which differ distinctly in geochemistry: the LPTs are characterized by relatively high abundances of MgO, total FeO and P2O5 and compatible elements (Cr, Ni, Sc), and relatively low contents of moderately compatible elements (V, Y, Yb, Co), LREE and other incompatible elements compared with the HPT. On the diagrams of trace element ratios, they are plotted on an approximately linear mixing line between depleted and enriched mantle sources, suggesting that these two types of basalts resulted from interactions of varying degrees between mantle plume and lithospheric mantle containing such volatile-rich minerals as amphibole and apatite. The source region of the LPT involves a smaller proportion of lithospheric components, while that of the HTP has a larger proportion of lithospheric components. Trachyte is generated by pa  相似文献   

Paterson气体介质高温高压流变仪轴向变形数据的校正方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李建峰  宋茂双  邵同宾  夏莹  王茜  周微 《大地构造与成矿学》2013,37(1):127-137

轴向压缩(拉伸)变形实验是测量岩石力学机制参数和模拟岩石变形过程中显微织构演化的主要手段。Paterson气体介质高温高压流变仪可以完成应力测量精度高(±0.1MPa)的轴向压缩(拉伸)变形实验,是模拟研究中、下地壳岩石流变行为的最佳仪器。由于样品组装中采用的活塞发生变形、封套铁筒承担部分加载力和样品截面积随压缩变形增大等因素,我们从仪器记录的数据文件计算出来的应力、应变数据被称为名义应力和名义应变,均与真实值之间存在误差。因此必须针对每一个造成误差的因素进行逐步校正,方能获得真实应力和真实应变数据。因此撰写本文,逐步介绍针对上述要素的三种校正:样品变形量校正、强度校正和截面积校正。以便于促进大家对Paterson气体介质高温高压流变仪的实验方法了解,更好地利用Paterson气体介质高温高压流变仪进行构造变形研究。另外以部分大理岩数据为例演示校正过程并讨论每步校正前后相应因素造成误差的大小。  相似文献