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1.
四川岔河锡矿区富铟矿石的发现及其找矿意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
铟(In)是一种稀散元素,它极少呈独立矿物出现,而是以其他矿物,例如金属硫化物、金属氧化物等为载体。近年来,随着对铟的年需求量不断上升,铟的市场标价一路走高,今后的上涨空间仍然很大。作者通过岩石矿物学和地球化学研究,初步发现四川岔河锡多金属矿区的铟含量很高,最高可达186.5×10-6,因此,推测此地区有很大的找铟前景。通过对铟与其它成矿元素的相关分析,发现该地区的铟与Zn、Cu、Fe、Cd、Sn、Ga都有明显的正相关性,由此推测铟可能存在于它们的金属硫化物、氧化物和(或)锡的氧化物中,进一步的电子探针工作发现,铟主要赋存于闪锌矿中,闪锌矿中最高含量可达500×10-6。因此,初步推断岔河地区铟有很大的找矿前景,应该考虑在今后的地质找矿工作和采选冶过程中加以综合评价和综合利用。 相似文献
2.
In作为一种分散元素,通常极难形成独立矿床,而主要以伴生组分的形式赋存在锡多金属矿床中。香花岭矿田蕴藏着丰富的Sn、Pb、Zn等矿产资源,是我国潜在的In资源基地,但目前该矿田中In的赋存状态、分布规律及成矿潜力尚不清楚。鉴于此,本文以香花岭矿田3个典型锡多金属矿床(新风、铁砂坪、茶山)为研究对象,在野外地质及矿相学观察的基础上,采用ICP-MS、EPMA和LA-ICP-MS开展了全岩地球化学和闪锌矿元素地球化学研究。结果表明,In主要以类质同象的形式富集在闪锌矿中,可能的替代方式为In^(3+)+Cu^(+)2←→Zn^(2+)。不同矿床中In的富集程度明显不同,其中,新风最富In(平均品位213.7g/t),其次为茶山,而铁砂坪最贫In。发现当闪锌矿中Cd含量介于5000×10^(-6)~7000×10^(-6)区间时,对应的In含量最高(>1000×10^(-6))。3个矿床的闪锌矿均富集Fe、Mn、In等高温元素,显著亏损Ga和Ge等低温元素。通过对比发现,这些闪锌矿与典型中高温岩浆-热液矿床(如远端矽卡岩型矿床)中闪锌矿的元素地球化学特征相似,应用闪锌矿地质温度计估算的结晶温度为345~372℃,且新风闪锌矿温度略高。闪锌矿中In的含量主要受温度控制,越靠近岩体、温度越高的闪锌矿越富In。结合前人资料,估算香花岭矿田伴生In资源量超过15000t,潜在经济价值巨大,应予以回收利用。 相似文献
3.
关键矿产资源铟:主要成矿类型及关键科学问题 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
关键矿产资源(Critical Minerals)是国家经济繁荣、国防安全和技术飞跃的重要保障,是支撑我国战略性新兴产业(例如:洁净能源产业、光伏太阳能产业、新一代信息技术产业、航空航天装备等)快速稳定发展的重要金属原材料。世界主要经济发达体(如:美国、日本、欧盟、澳大利亚等)均开展了关键矿产资源的评价,制定了相应的关键矿产资源发展战略,其评价方式也由一维向多维发展,并且把环境因素和资源的循环回收利用列入关键的评价指标。铟作为关键矿产资源之一,是太阳能光伏产业和ITO靶材主要的金属材料。它一般易于在岩浆结晶的晚期富集,但近年来发现它在一些镁铁质岩石中也有高度富集的现象,显示出铟地球化学性质的两面性,因此,全面评价不同地质体中铟的富集规律是解决未来铟资源安全稳定供给的主要途径。预料未来若干年SEDEX和VMS矿床有可能成为铟资源的主要来源,火山岩中的铟异常富集也应当引起足够的重视。铟的主要载体矿物是硫化物。在不同类型的矿床中,铟的富集对矿物有选择性。铟的选择性超常富集(如铟窗、铟爆)机制将是未来一段时间铟成矿作用研究中的重要领域,而铟的原位定量分析技术的突破是解决这一关键科学问题的关键。 相似文献
4.
Two tin-polymetallic vein-type deposits widely separated in time and space but with strong similarities in terms of mineralization style, ore mineralogy and chemistry have been studied comparatively with the aim of understanding the mineralogical evolution of In-rich hydrothermal systems. The Tosham deposit, Bhiwani district, Haryana, India, is of Neoproterozoic age and constitutes a Sn–Cu prospect with unusually high In content. The disseminated, crude stockwork and vein mineralization is hosted by greisenised metasedimentary rocks intruded by a porphyritic granite stock and by later rhyolitic effusives. The Goka deposit, Naegi district, Japan is probably of uppermost Cretaceous age and occurs close to a well fractionated ilmenite series granitoid body. The tin-polymetallic vein in the Goka deposit is hosted by a welded tuff unit close to a subvolcanic granodiorite porphyry.The main host minerals of indium in the Tosham and Goka ores are sphalerite, stannite, unidentified Zn–Cu–Fe–In–Sn–S phases and chalcopyrite. Up to 0.48 wt.% In has been noted in the Goka chalcopyrite, whereas at Tosham, the mineral has a maximum In concentration of 1220 ppm. At Goka the sphalerite contains up to 1.89 wt.% In, whereas In-bearing stannite carries up to ca. 9 wt.% of the metal. Roquesite is the other indium mineral present in the Tosham ores, but is absent in Goka. The mineral chemistry of the Tosham and Goka ores suggest that the In-bearing minerals belong to a multi-component Zn–Cu–Fe–(Ag)–Sn–In–S system. Based on various triangular plots of the atomic proportions of the main metals, it is inferred that there are end-member phases, roquesite and stannite, in the Tosham ores co-existing with chalcopyrite. The sphalerite is both pure end-member and Cu–In-bearing in both the Tosham and Goka ores. Some of the analysed stannite grains in Tosham ores could possibly be petrukite. The Zn–Cu–Fe–Sn–In–S system in the two ores has a Sn-poor, high-In solid solution phase and also a Sn-rich, low-In solid solution phase. It seems possible that these two solid solutions were the first to form during hydrothermal ore deposition at high temperatures from a disordered solid solution located at the (Cu + Ag):(Zn + Fe):(In + Sn) = 3:5:2 intersection in the (Cu + Ag)–(Zn + Fe)–(In + Sn) field. With decreasing temperatures, the Sn-poor, In-rich solid solution exsolved the Zn–In-mineral of Ohta [Ohta, E., 1980. Mineralization of Izumo and Sorachi veins of the Toyoha mine, Hokkaido, Japan. Bulletin, Geological Survey of Japan 31, 585–597. (in Japanese with English abstract).] and sphalerite, while the Sn-rich, In-poor solid solution was broken down to stannite and relatively-Cu-rich sphalerite. 相似文献
5.
Resource Evaluation of Indium in the Dajing Tin-Polymetallic Deposits, Inner Mongolia, China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Individual ores of 37 specimens and five mill concentrates were analyzed chemically, and anomalous indium contents were detected in the tin‐polymetallic veins of the Dajing mine. The indium contents are heterogenously distributed (0.5–296 ppm In), and are low generally in the ores of the East Block. Indium is mainly correlated with copper, partly with zinc in the Dajing deposits, implying that the element is substituted in copper and zinc sulfides and sulfosalts. The total indium content is expected as >768 tons, which is lower than a previous estimation of this mine. The whole tonnage of the southern part of the Da Hinggang Mountains is >1200 tons In, which is the second largest in China after the tin‐polymetallic deposits in the southern China. 相似文献
6.
花岗岩中铟与锡铜铅锌的关系及其富集成矿意义 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
全球已知的富铟矿床多与锡石硫化物矿床或富含锡的硫化物矿床有关,这些矿床的形成均与酸性岩浆作用有关。尽管铟的富集参考机理已经积累了较多研究成果,但关于锡在铟的富集成矿过程中起了什么作用?花岗岩浆演化过程中铟与锡等成矿元素的关系如何?等等,这些科学问题依然有待深入的研究。本文对滇东南薄竹山花岗岩和其中的"包体"、都龙矿区南温河花岗岩及矽卡岩矿物、广西昆仑关花岗岩、湖南柿竹园和骑田岭花岗岩中In与Sn、Cu、Pb、Zn的关系进行了初步研究,结果表明,花岗岩浆从结晶成岩→分异出成矿流体→遭受变质与蚀变→与围岩发生接触交代的全过程,In与Sn始终保持同步变化的正相关关系,而In与Cu、Pb、Zn之间不存在相关关系。此外,花岗岩中云母类矿物是In和Sn的主要载体矿物,且其中In与Sn也同样具有很好的正相关性。上述研究结果表明从岩浆结晶成岩到富集成矿过程中,铟与锡是共同迁移的。本文认为在锡存在的情况下,铟更容易超常富集,这可能就是富铟矿化多与锡矿化伴生的重要原因之一。 相似文献
7.
在HCl In2 (SO4) 3 H2 O体系中 ,溶液表观总离子强度恒定为I=0 2、0 4、0 6、0 8、1 0、1 5mol·kg-1,硫酸铟在溶液中的表观离子强度分数恒定为yB =0 0 0、0 1 0、0 2 0、0 3 0、0 5 0和 0 70条件下 ,应用经典的电动势方法测定无液体接界电池 (A)在 2 78 1 5～ 3 1 8 1 5K温度范围内的电动势 :Pt,H2 (1 0 1 3 2 5kPa) |HCl(mA) ,In2 (SO4) 3 (mB) ,H2 O|AgCl Ag (A)根据测得电池 (A)的电动势数据 ,考虑到该体系存在硫酸的二级解离 ,应用数学迭代方法确定平衡体系氢离子的浓度 ,进而确定了混合溶液中HCl的活度系数γA。结果表明 ,HCl的活度系数服从扩展的Harned规则。 相似文献
8.
铟矿床时空分布、成矿背景及其成矿过程 总被引：10，自引：8，他引：2
铟是一种稀散金属元素,特殊的地球化学性质导致其难以形成独立的矿床,均以伴生矿产的形式产出于富锡岩浆热液与陆相火山-次火山热液系统,以及相对贫锡的海底(火山)热液系统。研究表明,铟矿床广泛分布于活动的大洋或大陆板块边缘,成因上主要与板块俯冲以及碰撞作用密切相关,少量与火山岩以及喷流沉积岩相关的块状硫化物矿床形成的有利构造背景则是弧后环境和裂谷环境。在不同地质历史时期,铟的巨量堆积作用主要有新第三纪、白垩纪、泥盆纪三个时期,对应的矿化类型分别以浅成低温热液-锡多金属脉型、矽卡岩型以及块状硫化物(VMS)型矿床为主,其中与铟成矿作用相关的岩浆岩多为A型或S型花岗岩。铟独立矿物目前报道约15种,主要包括自然铟、硫铟铜矿、铟石、樱井矿、羟铟石等,其中以硫铟铜矿最为广泛。绝大多数铟主要以类质同象的形式赋存于闪锌矿中,其次为黝锡矿、锌黄锡矿、黄铜矿、锡石、黝铜矿、砷黝铜矿等。富铟闪锌矿通常形成于高温热液体系,常显示阶段性富集特征,最普遍的置换机制为(Ag,Cu)~++In~(3+)2Zn~(2+)。文章指出为完善铟金属成矿理论,需进一步加强铟的成矿物质来源、铟沉淀的物理化学条件及其与主矿种成生关系的研究。 相似文献
9.
Dia Sotto Alibo Hiroshi Amakawa Yoshiyuki Nozaki 《Journal of Earth System Science》1998,107(4):359-366
Two methods have been developed to measure indium (In) in natural waters by flow injection inductively coupled plasma mass
spectrometry (ICPMS). One is the isotope dilution technique using an113In enriched spike and the other utilizes natural yttrium present in the sample as an internal standard. In the former, optimization
of the113In spike to minimize error is often difficult for samples in which In concentrations are variable, whereas in the latter method,
a separate determination of Y in the sample is necessary and hence more sample is required. Using about 1 liter of a water
sample, 200 fold preconcentration of In was performed by solvent extraction and back extraction technique and then introduced
into the ICPMS to measure the113In/115In or115In/89Y ratios. The detection limits were 0.01–0.02 pmol kg−1 for both methods.
Application of the methods to seawater samples yielded the concentrations of 0.06–0.15 pmol kg−1 for the Pacific and 0.6–1.5 pmol kg−1 for the Atlantic. The large inter-oceanic variation of In best resembles that of Al amongst the 3B group of elements in the
periodic table. River and estuarine samples gave a more variable range of concentrations of 0.01–15 pmol kg−1. Most of the In supplied by rivers is removed by scavenging in the estuarine mixing zone, suggesting that the fluvial input
of In to the ocean is small. 相似文献
10.
铟市场形势及中国铟资源特点 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
铟是分散元素之一，在分析其消费、生产结构的基础上，分析了近年来铟的价格变动原因，预测未来对铟的需求有上升趋势，未来铟价可能会逐步回升。在对全世界及中国铟工业和铟资源特点进行分析的基础上。认为中国在铟资源领域有巨大的优势，近几年中国铟产量的大幅提高，是导致世界铟价格下降的主要原因之一。综述中国铟矿床的特点及其研究趋势，并对中国如何将铟资源优势转化为经济优势提出了对策。 相似文献