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利用1971—2006年环杭州湾地区25个气象站的降水、温度和云量资料及全球CO2年平均体积分数资料,采用LPJ全球动态植被模式（Lund-Potsdam-Jena Dynamic Global Vegetation Model）,通过模拟环杭州湾地区的植被年净初级生产力（Annual Net Primary Productivity,ANPP）,分析了该地区ANPP的变化特征,并探讨了植被ANPP变化的可能原因。结果表明：1）就环杭州湾地区,36a间植被ANPP均表现出不同程度的增加,尤其以嘉兴市北部、绍兴市东部较明显;全区平均增加速率为1.5243g·m-2·a-2;2）通过多元线性回归分析发现,环杭州湾地区平均云量与植被ANPP的关系最为密切,偏相关系数为-0.5175,而温度、降水与植被ANPP的关系不明显;同时,植被ANPP对气候变化的响应存在一定的地域性差异;3）在全区平均情况下,36a间由温度下降、降水增加、云量减小、CO2体积分数升高引起的植被ANPP变化趋势分别为-0.0813、-0.0171、0.7601、0.8673g·m-2·a-2,其对应的贡献率分别为-5.18%、-1.09%、48.38%、55.21%。由此可见,该地区植被ANPP变化的主要强迫因子是CO2体积分数和云量,而降水变化对植被ANNP的变化作用不大。 相似文献
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1981-2010年气候变化对青藏高原实际蒸散的影响(英文) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
From 1981 to 2010,the effects of climate change on evapotranspiration of the alpine ecosystem and the regional difference of effects in the Tibetan Plateau(TP) were studied based on the Lund-Potsdam-Jena dynamic vegetation model and data from 80 meteorological stations.Changes in actual evapotranspiration(AET) and water balance in TP were analyzed.Over the last 30 years,climate change in TP was characterized by significantly increased temperature,slightly increased precipitation,and decreased potential evapotranspiration(PET),which was significant before 2000.AET exhibited increasing trends in most parts of TP.The difference between precipitation and AET decreased in the southeastern plateau and increased in the northwestern plateau.A decrease in atmospheric water demand will lead to a decreased trend in AET.However,AET in most regions increased because of increased precipitation.Increased precipitation was observed in 86% of the areas with increased AET,whereas decreased precipitation was observed in 73% of the areas with decreased AET. 相似文献
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基于LPJ模型的制种玉米碳水通量模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lund-Potsdam-Jena Dynamic Global Vegetation Model(LPJ)模型是由Lund University,Pots-dam Climate Research Centre和Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry,Jena联合开发的植被动态模型,该模型以气候、土壤质地和CO2数据作为输入模拟植被与环境的碳水交换过程。为了利用高时间分辨率的输入数据,对模型的代码进行了改写。张掖绿洲盈科站位于干旱区绿洲典型的农田生态系统。应用其观测资料作为LPJ的输入,模拟了张掖绿洲制种玉米的碳水通量,并用涡动观测到的潜热和CO2通量验证蒸散发和NEE的模拟结果。结果表明LPJ模型能够较好地模拟制种玉米与环境之间的碳水交换,蒸散发(ET)的模拟值与观测值的R2为0.8;NEE的模拟值与观测值的R2为0.79。 相似文献
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The 8.2 ka bp cooling event is assumed to be the most clearly marked abrupt climate event in the Holocene at northern mid‐ to high latitudes. In this study, we simulate the vegetation responses to the 8.2 ka bp climate change event over Europe and Northern Africa. Our results show that all dominant plant functional types (PFTs) over Europe and North Africa respond to these climate changes, but the magnitude, timing and impact factor of their responses are different. Compared with pollen‐based vegetation reconstructions, our simulation generally captures the main features of vegetation responses to the 8.2 ka bp event. Interestingly, in Western Europe, the simulated vegetation after perturbation is different from its initial state, which is consistent with two high‐resolution pollen records. This different vegetation composition indicates the long‐lasting impact of abrupt climate change on vegetation through eco‐physiological and ecosystem demographic processes, such as plant competition. Moreover, our simulations suggest a latitudinal gradient in the magnitude of the event, with more pronounced vegetation responses to the severe cooling in the north and weaker responses to less severe cooling in the south. This effect is not seen in pollen records. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Quaternary Science Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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LPJ模型对1981～1998年中国区域潜在植被分布和碳通量的模拟 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用一个基于过程的动态植被模型LPJ DGVM（Lund Potsdam Jena Dynamic Global Vegetation Model）,模拟了中国区域潜在植被分布,考察了1981～1998年中国区域净初级生产〖JP〗力（NPP）、异养呼吸（Rh）和净生态系统生产力（NEP）的年际变化。模拟结果表明,在LPJ模型提供的植被功能类型（PFT）划分的条件下,中国区域除了分布裸土外,主要分布了6种潜在植被功能类型,即热带常绿阔叶林带、温带常绿阔叶林带、温带夏绿阔叶林带、北方常绿针叶林带、北方夏绿针叶林带和温带草本植物。在所考察的时间段内,中国区域总NPP从2.91 Gt · a-1（C）（1982年）变化到3.37 Gt · a-1（C）（1990年）,平均每年增加0.025 Gt（C）,其平均增长率为096%。中国区域总Rh从2.59 Gt · a-1（C）（1986年）变化到3.19 Gt · a-1（C）（1998年）,具有105% 的平均年增长率,即平均每年增加0.025 Gt（C）,并且中国区域温带草本植物相比其他植被功能类型,其NPP和Rh线性增加的趋势最为显著。研究结果还表明,LPJ模型在引入火灾机制后,中国区域总NEP的变化范围更加合理,即每年总NEP在-0.06 Gt · a-1（C）（1998年）和0.34 Gt · a-1（C）（1992年）之间变化,其平均值为0.12 Gt · a-1（C）。该结果表明,在所考察的时间段内,中国区域的陆地生态系统是碳汇。上述结果与其他研究结果基本一致,因而此模型模拟中国区域潜在植被分布和碳循环是有效的。
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