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《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(5):343-362
The Mendejin area, NW Iran, is part of the western Alborz-Azarbaijan zone which is one of the most structurally—and magmatically-active zones of Iran. Volcanic rocks with calc-alkaline and, locally, alkaline features cover an extensive part of this zone. The Mendejin volcanic rocks, Eocene-Oligocene in age, include tuffs and volcanoclastic rocks of dacite, andesite, basaltic andesite, and basalt composition. Felsic (andesite, dacite, and rhyodacite) and basic rocks (basalt, basaltic andesite and andesite) commonly occur in successive layers. This alternation along with multiple occurrences of various types of tuffs suggests prolonged and successive magmatic activity during Eocene-Oligocene in NW Iran. Fractional crystallization has been the most important factor controlling geochemical characteristics of the magma. However, absence of linear correlations on variation diagrams of some immobile elements (such as Al2O3, TiO2, P2O5 and Ga) and poorly-developed trends on variation diagrams of Na2O, MgO, MnO, CaO, Fe2O3, Nb, Nd, Y, La, Ce, Th, Hf, Sc, Zn, V, Ni and Co versus SiO2 indicate that, other than crystal (olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase, biotite, hornblende, zircon, monazite and apatite) fractionation, crustal processes (such as assimilation) have also affected the chemistry of the Mendejin magma. It appears that the basic magma has originated from the mantle whereas the felsic magma resulted from modification in the mantle-derived magma by assimilation in an active continental margin. 相似文献
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The Mendejin pluton is located in the Mianeh area, NW Iran, 550 km from Tehran. This pluton is probably of Oligo-Miocene age and is the result of extensive magmatism which occurred during and after the Alpine Orogeny. Similar plutons are common in the Alborz–Azarbaijan structural zone of Iran, and it is likely that there are concealed plutons related to this extensive Cenozoic magmatism, but due to their youth and low rates of erosion they have not yet been exposed. The Mendejin pluton is a composite body made up of four types of plutonic rocks: pink tonalite, grey tonalite, diorite and aplite. The pink tonalite is porphyritic and contains phenocrysts of plagioclase, K-feldspar and hornblende in a groundmass consisting of quartz, plagioclase, K-feldspar, hornblende, zircon, monazite, leucoxene, apatite and hematite. The grey porphyritic tonalite has more biotite, pyroxene and pyrite and less accessory phases compared with the pink tonalite. The diorite has a microporphyritic texture with phenocrysts of plagioclase, hornblende and augite. This rock also occurs as xenoliths in the Mendejin pluton. The aplitic dykes are the youngest magmatic products at Mendejin. The Mendejin tonalite contains more Cl, As, S, Cu, Ni and Zn than the global granite. These rocks are of I-type, peraluminous and calc-alkaline, with medium to high potassium, and were formed as part of a volcanic arc. The Mendejin pluton contains up to 8 ppb gold and could potentially have been the source of an economic gold deposit by leaching of Au from wall rocks and deposition in extensive hydrothermally altered marginal zones. 相似文献
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