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雄关漫道真如铁——论中国油气二次创业 总被引：17，自引：19，他引：17
半个多世纪以来，中国经历了油气资源的第一次创业，在祖国大陆和近海大陆架地区的新生代陆相碎屑岩沉积盆地中，发现了一批油气田，使原油年产量达1．67亿吨，位居世界第五，天然气疸这241亿立方米，居世界第十五位，成绩是巨大的，但是，1993年开始进口原油3000万吨，2000年进口原油7200万吨，严重影响国家经济建设，而且这种趋势还在不断发展，预测2010年将进口原油1亿吨，天然气200亿立方米，那么，中国油气资源的出路何在？作者指出，从中国大地构造演化来看，前新生代海相残留盆地还有巨大的油气潜力，尽管其勘探的难度是世界级的，但是，只要我们切实地依靠科学技术，进行油气资源的二次创业，困难上，在实践中克服困难，就可以发现更多的石油天然气，支持国家经济建设的持续发展。 相似文献
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房屋建筑数据是地震重点危险区预评估工作的基础,需基于获取到的房屋建筑信息开展人员伤亡、经济损失、救援物资需求等预评估工作。历年地震重点危险区预评估工作能够通过现场调查得到的房屋建筑信息占比极小,仅能进行抽样调查。因此,为批量完成危险区内全部房屋建筑损失估算,需基于遥感影像获取房屋建筑矢量数据,并建立数据库。为实现全国地震重点危险区预评估工作中大批量建筑物矢量化数据的快速获取,本文采用基于遥感影像的建筑物空间分布数据批量获取方法,得到地震重点危险区内建筑物空间矢量数据,结合现场抽样调查得到的建筑物属性信息,建立地震重点危险区建筑物空间分布数据库,进而为地震重点危险区灾害损失预评估工作提供数据基础。本文采用的方法可广泛应用于地震重点危险区房屋建筑信息获取工作中,可提高工作效率,降低工作成本,提升预评估工作的科学性和准确性。 相似文献
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The inflow of Atlantic Water to the Nordic seas from mid–late Younger Dryas to earliest Holocene (12 450–10 000 a BP) is reconstructed on the basis of a high‐resolution core (LINK14) from 346 m water depth on the east Faroe shelf. We have analysed the distribution of planktic and benthic foraminifera, stable isotopes and ice‐rafted debris (IRD), and calculated absolute temperatures and salinities by transfer functions. During the investigated time period there was almost continuous inflow of Atlantic Water to the Nordic seas. Deposition of IRD during the mid–late Younger Dryas and Pre‐Boreal coolings indicates the presence of melting icebergs and that summer sea surface temperatures were low. The east–west temperature gradient across the Faroe–Shetland Channel was much steeper than today. The cold conditions around the Faroe Islands are attributed to stronger East Greenland and East Icelandic currents than at present. The near‐continuous inflow of Atlantic Water is consistent with published evidence suggesting that deep convection took place in the Nordic seas, although the convection sites probably had shifted to a more easterly position than at present. Around the time of deposition of the Saksunarvatn Tephra c. 10 350 a BP, sea surface temperatures increased to the present level. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
转换型构造及其在江汉盆地前白垩系油气勘探中的意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
江汉盆地具有多旋回发育历史，地史期间始终处于较为复杂的区域构造背景之中，首尾相继但性质不同的两次构造变动之间以及同期异源的构造活动之间，均存在着转换型构造。它们既是承前启后阶段的过渡型产物，又是“居中”状态的折衷型遗迹，具有较为特殊的石油地质意义。 相似文献
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东疆中天山红星山铅锌(银)矿床地质特征及区域成矿作用对比 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
红星山铅锌矿床位于东疆中天山地块的东段.矿体赋存于青白口系天湖群红星山组第三亚组地层内,并受断裂构造的控制,主要呈脉状、透镜状顺层产出,含矿岩石为大理岩和碳质糜棱岩.金属矿物组合为方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、辉银矿,围岩蚀变主要有硅化、黄铁矿化、白云石化、碳酸盐化.矿石中硫化物的δ<'34>S值为8.76‰～12.65‰;矿石的铅同位素组成与地层岩石铅的相似,并具有较好的相关性,显示出同源关系.流体包裹体的th集中于220～250℃,成矿流体的w(NaCleq)为3.39%～11.81%.区域岩石地球化学特征表明,青白口系天湖群内的大理岩、片麻岩及各类花岗岩中Pb、Ag的丰度值较高,可能是该区铅锌矿的矿源层,矿石的铅和硫同位素特征也指示成矿物质可能来源于地层.此外,该矿区内华力西期中酸性岩浆活动也可能提供了部分成矿物质.通过与同一成矿带内的彩霞山铅锌矿床、玉西银(铅锌)矿床对比,总结了东疆中天山地块内铅锌(银)矿的成矿特征及成矿规律.笔者认为,区域内铅锌(银)成矿与前寒武纪基底变质岩关系密切,矿体产于特定的地层层位和岩性建造(大理岩、含碳碎屑岩)内,并受一定构造部位的控制,华力西期岩浆活动对成矿具有改造变富作用,矿床成因类型属沉积变质-热液改造型层控矿床. 相似文献
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State‐of‐the‐art 3D seismic acquisition geometries have poor sampling along at least one dimension. This results in coherent migration noise that always contaminates pre‐stack migrated data, including high‐fold surveys, if prior‐to‐migration interpolation was not applied. We present a method for effective noise suppression in migrated gathers, competing with data interpolation before pre‐stack migration. The proposed technique is based on a dip decomposition of common‐offset volumes and a semblance‐type measure computation via offset for all constant‐dip gathers. Thus the processing engages six dimensions: offset, inline, crossline, depth, inline dip, and crossline dip. To reduce computational costs, we apply a two‐pass (4D in each pass) noise suppression: inline processing and then crossline processing (or vice versa). Synthetic and real‐data examples verify that the technique preserves signal amplitudes, including amplitude‐versus‐offset dependence, and that faults are not smeared. 相似文献
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塔里木盆地塔中Ⅲ区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层是近年来勘探重点区域,良里塔格组储层内沉积泥质灰岩条带,以及一间房组洞穴顶部存在的沉积泥质条带,给储层预测带来了较大难度。为提高储层预测精度,分析奥陶系良里塔格组和一间房组储层内泥质展布规律,建立沉积泥质灰岩条带背景纵波阻抗体,完成了无井约束叠后地质统计学反演。研究结果表明,无井反演储层预测纵向发育位置、储层级别和已钻井吻合较好。利用叠前同时反演得到纵横波速比,通过纵波阻抗与纵横波速比交会图分析法,划分了一间房组优质储层、泥质充填储层、基质灰岩分布区间,对洞穴型储层泥质充填、叠前流体预测反演进行探索,确保储层预测的可靠性。 相似文献
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三条大断裂形成三角形构造变形区,成为贯通岩石圈底部的通道。浅成斑岩多期入侵,以及内外接触带的破裂化和压扭破裂带的存在,为成矿创造有利条件。 相似文献
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Roberto Avigliano Giulio Di Anastasio Salvatore Improta Marco Peresani Cesare Ravazzi 《第四纪科学杂志》2000,15(8):789-803
A late glacial to early Holocene lacustrine and peat succession, rich in conifer remains and including some palaeolithic flint artefacts, has been investigated in the Palughetto intermorainic basin (Venetian Pre‐Alps). The geomorphological and stratigraphical relationships, 14C dates and pollen analyses allow a reconstruction of the environmental history of the basin and provide significant insights into the reforestation and peopling of the Pre‐Alps. The onset of peat accumulation is dated to 14.4–14.1 kyr cal. BP, coinciding with reforestation at middle altitudes that immediately post‐dates the immigration of Larix decidua and Picea abies subsp. europaea. Plant macrofossils point to the expansion of spruce about 14.3 kyr cal. BP, so far one of the earliest directly dated in the late glacial period of southern Europe. The previous hypothesis of an early Holocene spruce immigration in the Southern Alps from Slovenia needs reconsideration. Organic sedimentation stopped at the end of the Younger Dryas and was followed by the evolution of hydromorphic soils containing lithic artefacts, anthropic structures and wood charcoal. The typological features of the flint implements refer human occupation of the site to the end of the recent Epigravettian. Charcoals yielded dates either consistent with, or younger than, the archaeological chronology, in the early and middle Holocene. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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