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C. van den Akker 《Engineering Geology》2007,91(1):72-77
The low lying Western part of the Netherlands is protected from the sea by a 5 km wide stretch of dunes rising to some 50 m of height. The fresh water pocket in the dunes overlies saline groundwater and a brackish transition zone. There was during a century an extraction of fresh groundwater for drinking water, supported by artificial infiltration. This has been stopped some 30 years ago. The consequent wetting of the valuable farm area (flower cultures) behind the dunes is stronger and more extensive than could be expected from mere replenishment of the fresh water zones in the dunes. It is shown in this paper that the lateral shear flows in the brackish and saline groundwater area have displaced (and are displacing) the interfaces vertically downward. The effect of more fresh and less saline groundwater in an arbitrary groundwater column is an (extra) rise of the groundwater head of the upper fresh water part. The described slow process will continue for decades until a new equilibrium has been established. In the mean time the inner dune farm area will have to cope with a surprisingly strong and extensive water level rise. 相似文献
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利用甘肃雨养农业区11个站点的土壤湿度资料及其相关的气象资料分析了该区域土壤水分时空变化规律、降雨量的补给和作物土壤水分状况.该区域土壤含水量自东南向西北减小, 变异系数增大.土壤水分不足区水分变化主要集中在90 cm以上, 而土壤水分严重不足区、作物生育关键期土壤水分不足区和土壤水分充足区水分变化深度可达180 cm左右.雨季降雨量对土壤水分补给率的地域变化范围为15.3%~41.7%; 补给率除受降雨量的影响外, 土壤类型也是一个重要的制约因子.除成县、临夏和西峰外, 其余各站在小麦生育期水分亏缺量均超过100 mm, 占需水量的30%~50%. 相似文献
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