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1.
BIAN Jian-min LIN Nian-feng TANG Jie College of Environment Resources Jilin University Changchun Jilin China 《东北亚地学研究》2005,(Z1)
Desertification is an environmental issue in the world. The salt-alkalization desertification land area formed by both primary and secondary salt-alkalization has extended in a large scale, which has become a significant eco-environmental problem. Based on the characteristics of eco-environment and the situation of desertification in western Songnen plain, this paper reports the analyzes of its formation in background and cause. An early warning system on the salt-alkalization desertification is established and the GIS technology is used to abstract the information of desertification evaluation index. Supported by the integrated technology of the GIS and ANN, the orientation and quantitative result of desertification are gained, which is helpful to the eco-environment protection and resource development in western Songnen Plain. 相似文献
2.
Long-range sidescan sonar can be used to map sediment distributions over wide expanses of deep ocean floor. Seven acoustic facies that arise from differing sediment or rock types have been mapped over the low-relief Saharan continental rise and Madeira abyssal plain. These have been calibrated with sampling, profiling and camera studies and the facies can be traced confidently on a regional scale using the sidescan data. The mapping of the sediment distribution shows that a complex interplay of turbidity current and debris flow processes can occur at a continental rise/abysaal plain transition over 1000 km from the nearest continental slope. 相似文献
3.
本文记述了南海晚第四纪沉积物中发现的两个新种[线形辐环藻(Actinocyclus lineatus Liu,Cheng et Lan sp.nov.)、星圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus aster-aeus Cheng,Liu et Lan sp.nov.)]以及在我国首次记录的圆筛藻的7个种。 相似文献
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对位于贵州西南部非喀斯特丘原区的鹅项水库中取得的一沉积物样芯(EX-1)做了137Cs,TOC,C/N和粒度分析以及矿物磁性测量。通过对这些分析和测量结果进行解译,推测了在过去的45年(1960~2005年)中这一水库的汇水流域内土壤侵蚀强度的相对变化。在这45年中,鹅项水库流域的土壤侵蚀经历了由弱到强再持续减弱的一个过程。将这一推测结果与流域内降水数据和土地利用/覆被变化资料数据相结合,探究了该流域土壤侵蚀强度变化的原因。与贵州西南部典型喀斯特流域的情况相比,在鹅项流域内,土地利用/覆被变化情况对土壤侵蚀强度的影响相对次要,而降水对土壤侵蚀强度变化的影响则更为重要。这可能主要因为与典型喀斯特流域相比,鹅项流域的土层较厚、植被覆盖较好。 相似文献
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Mechanism for the rapid motion of the Qianjiangping landslide during reactivation by the first impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam reservoir, China 总被引:10,自引:6,他引:4
Fawu Wang Yeming Zhang Zhitao Huo Xuanming Peng Shimei Wang Shintaro Yamasaki 《Landslides》2008,5(4):379-386
The first impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam reservoir in China started from a water surface elevation of 95 m on June 1,
2003 and reached 135 m on June 15, 2003. Shortly after the water level reached 135 m, many slopes began to deform and some
landslides occurred. The Qianjiangping landslide is the largest one; it occurred on the early morning of July 14, 2003 and
caused great loss of lives and property. Field investigation revealed that, although failure occurred after the reservoir
reached 135 m, the stability of the slope was already reduced by preexisting sheared bedding planes. To study the mechanism
of the rapid motion of this reactivated landslide, two soil samples were taken from a yellow clay layer and a black silt layer
in the sliding zone, respectively, and a series of ring shear tests were conducted on the samples. One series of ring shear
tests simulates the creep deformation behavior, while the other series simulates different shear rates. Conclusions drawn
from analysis of the ring shear tests indicate that the mechanism of the rapid motion of the reactivated landslide was caused
by the rate effect of the black silt layer during the motion phase after the creep failure. The yellow clay layer did not
play any important role in the rapid motion in the 2003 event. 相似文献
9.
松嫩平原土地沙化现状与动态变化 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
松嫩平原沙地主要分布于松嫩平原的中西部地区,包括松嫩沙地和科尔沁沙地的一部分.沙地分布区处于半干旱地区,年降水量在350~450 mm,是松嫩平原生态环境变化的敏感地区.采用RS和GIS集成技术,对松嫩平原1986年和2001年的沙地进行遥感解译,结合野外调查,研究松嫩平原沙地分布的现状及其动态变化.结果表明,松嫩平原土地沙化有进一步发展的趋势,2001年沙地面积比1986年增加了861.1 km2,沙地平均每年以0.44%的速度扩展.其中,重度沙地变化率最大,中度沙地面积数量增加最多,轻度沙地略有减少. 相似文献
10.
The problem of arsenic (As) poisoning in the upper deltaic plain of the Ganga-Bhagirathi river system in the Bengal Basin
of West Bengal, India is an alarming issue. Four blocks (Kaliachak-1, 2, 3 and English Bazar) of Malda district, West Bengal
were critically studied. Geomorphologically, the area exhibits three terraces: the present Youngest terrace (T0-terrace), the Older Shaugaon Surface (T1-terrace) and the Oldest Baikunthapur Surface (T2-terrace). On the basis of numerous measurements, including As-content, pH, DO, specific conductivity and salinity, it was
observed that maximum As-content beyond the permissible limit (0.05 mg/L, Indian standard) occurs within a depth range of
10–30 m with a non-linear distribution pattern. Variance test also found that a block effect was highly significant in an
As-distribution pattern. Mean arsenic level of Kaliachak block-1 is 0.2253 mg/L, followed by Kaliachak-2 with arsenic level
0.1923, Kaliachak-3 with arsenic level 0.1755 and English Bazar with arsenic level 0.1324. The arsenious belt lies mainly
within the Older terrace (T1). The very recent flood plain deposits of silvery white, fine sands lying very close to the Ganga River margin do not contain
significant amounts of As. Elevated As-concentration in the ground water was observed in alluvial sands, grayish white to
brownish in color and occurring away from the Ganga margin. The Oldest terrace (T2) further away from the Ganga margin (e.g.
English Bazar) and Barind surface contains less arsenic. Barind surface acts as a hard capping with ferruginous sands and
lateritic concretions-chocolate, mottled and purple brown in color-occurring northeast of the studied area. Arsenic content
of ground water in the same locality within a radius of ∼ 20 m varies within wide limits. Thus, it poses problem to delineate
its distribution pattern. Such a patchy occurrence possibly could not be explained satisfactorily solely by geomorphology.
Chemical analysis of aquifer clay samples of the cores shows a maximum Ascontent of up to 3 mg/kg, whereas the bulk samples
(sandclay mixture) of the cores contain a maximum of 17 mg/kg As-value. Therefore, it is not always true that clay contains
elevated As-value. 相似文献