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2007年中国在南海北部神狐海域通过钻探首次获得天然气水合物样品,证实了珠江口盆地深水区是水合物富集区。通过对珠江口盆地深水区构造沉降史的定量模拟研究,发现晚中新世以来区内构造沉降总体上具有由北向南、自西向东逐渐变快的演化趋势;从晚中新世到更新世,盆地深水区经历了构造沉降作用由弱到强的变化过程:晚中新世(11.6~5.3 Ma),平均构造沉降速率为67 m/Ma;上新世(5.3~1.8 Ma),平均构造沉降速率为68 m/Ma;至更新世(1.8~0 Ma),平均构造沉降速率为73 m/Ma。而造成这些变化的主因是发生在中中新世末-晚中新世末的东沙运动和发生在上新世-更新世早期的台湾运动。东沙运动(10~5 Ma)使盆地在升降过程中发生块断升降,隆起剥蚀,自东向西运动强度和构造变形逐渐减弱,使得盆地深水区持续稳定沉降;台湾运动(3 Ma)彻底改变了盆地深水区的构造格局,因重力均衡调整盆地深水区继续沉降,越往南沉降越大。将似海底反射(BSR)发育区与沉降速率平面图进行叠合分析,发现80%以上的BSR分布趋于构造沉降速率值主要在75~125 m/Ma之间、沉降速率变化迅速的隆坳接合带区域。 相似文献
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张毅 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(5):1128-1130
Herein we would like to comment on the paper "Estimation of potential distribution of gas hydrate in the northern South China Sea" by Wang et al. 2010 in Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 28(3): 693-699. The purpose of this comment is to point out that the given probabilities of gas hydrate occurrence in the northern Zhujiang Mouth Basin and the Yinggehai Basin in the figure of Wang et al. (2010) are improper. After introducing our work of estimation of gas hydrate stability distribution in the northern South China Sea, we suggest that Wang et al. (2010) dismissed the basic P-T rule for the existence of gas hydrate. They should consider more the variables of water depth, seabed temperature and geothermal gradient in their gas hydrate distribution model in future studies. 相似文献
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Combined with quantitative determination of concentration and isotopic composition of petroleum hydrocarbons, weathering simulation experiments on artificially mixed oils and their two end-member oils are performed for identification and quantification of mixed sources. The >C18n-alkanes show no appreciable losses during a short-term weathering process. An approach based on distribution of long-chain n-alkanes (>C18) is suggested for estimating the contribution proportion of each source in mixed oils. Stable carbon isotope profile of individual n-alkanes is a powerful tool to differentiate sources of oil spills, but unavailable to accurately allocate each contribution due to a relatively large analytical error. 相似文献
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Complementary to previous work mainly based on seismic interpretation, our compilation of geophysical data (multibeam bathymetry,
gravity, magnetic and seismic) acquired within the framework of the ZoNéCo (ongoing since 1993) and FAUST (1998–2001) programs
enables us to improve the knowledge of the New Caledonia Basin, Fairway Basin and Fairway Ridge, located within the Southwest
Pacific region. The structural synthesis map obtained from geophysical data interpretation allows definition of the deep structure,
nature and formation of the Fairway and New Caledonia Basins. Development of the Fairway Basin took place during the Late
Cretaceous (95–65 Ma) by continental stretching. This perched basin forms the western margin of the New Caledonia Basin. A
newly identified major SW–NE boundary fault zone separates northern NW–SE trending segments of the two basins from southern
N–S trending segments. This crustal-scale fault lineament, that we interpret to be related to Cretaceous-early Cainozoic Tasman
Sea spreading, separates the NW–SE thinned-continental and N–S oceanic segments of the New Caledonia Basin. We can thus propose
the following pattern for the formation of the study area. The end of continental stretching within the Fairway and West Caledonia
Basins (
65–62 Ma) is interpreted as contemporaneous with the onset of emplacement of oceanic crust within the New Caledonia Basin’s
central segment. Spreading occurred during the Paleocene (62–56 Ma), and isolated the Gondwanaland block to the west from
the Norfolk block to the east. Finally, our geophysical synthesis enables us to extend the structural Fairway Basin down to
the structural Taranaki Basin, with the structural New Caledonia Basin lying east of the Fairway Basin and ending further
north than previously thought, within the Reinga Basin northwest of New Zealand. 相似文献
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Konstantinos I. Konstantinou Gerassimos A. Papadopoulos Anna Fokaefs Katerina Orphanogiannaki 《Tectonophysics》2005,403(1-4):95-115
Fault dimension estimates derived from the aftershock area extent of 36 shallow depth (≤ 31 km) earthquakes that occurred in the Mediterranean Sea region have been used in order to establish empirical relationships between length, width, area and surface-wave/moment magnitude. This dataset consists of events whose aftershock sequence was recorded by a dense local or regional network and the reported location errors did not exceed on average 3–5 km. Surface-wave magnitudes for these events were obtained from the NEIC database and/or published reports, while moment magnitudes as well as focal mechanisms were available from the Harvard/USGS catalogues. Contrary to the results of some previously published studies we found no evidence in our dataset that faulting type may have an effect on the fault dimension estimates and therefore we derived relationships for the whole of the dataset. Comparisons, by means of statistical F-tests, of our relationships with other previously published regional and global relationships were performed in order to check possible similarities or differences. Most such comparisons showed relatively low significance levels (< 95%), since the differences in source dimension estimates were large mainly for magnitudes lower than 6.5, becoming smaller with increasing magnitude. Some degree of similarity, however, could be observed between our fault length relationship and the one derived from aftershock area lengths of events in Greece, while a difference was found between our regional and global fault length relationships. A calculation of the ratio defined as the fault length, derived from our relationships, to the length estimated from regional empirical relationships involving surface ruptures showed that it can take a maximum value of about 7 for small magnitudes while it approaches unity at Ms 7.2. When calculating the same ratio using instead global empirical relationships we see the maximum value not exceeding 1.8, while unity is reached at Mw 7.8, indicating the existence of a strong regional variation in the fault lengths of earthquakes occurring in the Mediterranean Sea region. Also, a relationship between the logarithms of the rupture area and seismic moment is established and it is inferred that there is some variation of stress drop as a function of seismic moment. In particular, it is observed that for magnitudes lower than 6.6 the stress drop fluctuates around 10 bar, while for larger magnitudes the stress drop reaches a value as high as 60 bar. 相似文献
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在地表地形复杂的情况下,静校正不易做好,这是制约山地资料处理质量的一个很重要的因素.复杂地表共反射面元(CRS)叠加不需对叠前数据做静校正,而且在得到叠加剖面后可以利用叠加得到的波场参数剖面实现基准面重建.地震数据的试算表明,复杂地表CRS叠加得出的剖面与常规处理剖面相比有着较高的信噪比和同相轴连续性.与水平地表CRS叠加不同的是,在复杂地表CRS叠加的时距公式中,波场三参数耦合,难以通过简化CRS道集的方法将它们全部分离并逐个优化.引入模拟退火算法后,有效地解决了这一组合优化的难题. 相似文献
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样本条件对加卸载响应比计算结果的影响分析 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
基于随机 Posson 模型和Gutenberg-Richter 关系, 构造在10年尺度内样本量从300到5000的若干组模拟地震数据,计算分析各种样本条件下的加卸载响应比Y 时间进程变化。结果表明,计算样本的震级上限Mt 相对于logN-M 关系中拟合线性外推最大震级MT 的变化对Y的异常分布有一定影响,其影响随地震样本量从小到大而明显减小。当滑动计算时间窗内地震样本为几十个量级, Mt 取为MT -1.5(或至2. 0)时,随机出现Y 大于2.0的高值异常分布频度明显降低。而当地震样本量达到上百个以上量级, Mt 取为MT-0. 0(或0. 5)时, Y大于2.0的高异常值随机出现频度即极低。在实际地震资料的Y计算中若注意Mt 的选取后,其结果的稳定性和异常的可信度将得到显著提高。 相似文献