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长白山天池火山粗面玄武岩的喷发历史与演化 总被引：18，自引：11，他引：18
本文新提出的年代学和岩石化学结果，进一步从天池火山与区域火山活动的关系，论述了天池火山造盾、造锥历史和岩浆结晶分异转型的时间约束，早更新世早期（2Ma前）开始粗面玄武岩的造盾，早更新世晚期（约1Ma）粗面玄武岩向粗安岩、粗面岩演化，中更新世是粗面岩造锥的主阶段，到了晚更新世（约0．1Ma）粗面岩向碱流岩演化。在中-晚更新世来自地壳岩浆房的粗面岩、碱流岩造锥过程中，来自地幔的粗面玄武岩浆喷发活动始终没有间断过。由于来自地幔粗面玄武质岩浆持续向地壳岩浆房补给，所以天池火山是一座长寿命的火山。岩浆的结晶分异作用和混合作用是天池火山岩浆演化的两个最重要过程，前者形成天池火山双峰式火山岩分布特征，后者成为天池火山喷发的触发机制。天池火山在晚更新世-全新世碱流质岩浆主喷发期兼有少量玄武质粗安岩、粗安岩或粗面质岩浆的交替喷出，揭示了天池火山的地壳岩浆房熔体的分层结构特点，由于来自地幔粗面玄武质岩浆注入地壳岩浆房，导致不同层位岩浆的扰动和混合作用，触发天池火山的喷发。 相似文献
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Clinopyroxene phenocrysts in the Kokchetav trachybasalts are variable in composition and textures. Two distinctive cores are recognized: diopside cores and green salite cores. The diopside cores with Mg# of 80–90 are mantled by colorless salite rims with Mg# of 70–80. The green salite cores have especially low Mg# (<70) but high Al and Ti contents. A Mg-rich band (Mg#=82–90) usually occurs between a green salite core and its rim, and/or between a colorless salite mantle and its rim. Dissolution surfaces are observed on all textural variants. Two magma chambers are needed to explain the observed clinopyroxene phenocrysts. A deep chamber at about 120 km in the upper mantle in which diopside cores crystallized, and a shallow chamber at depths of less than 40 km in which diopside cores were resorbed and overgrown by salite rims or mantles. Magma mixing in the shallow chamber is responsible for the formation of dissolution surfaces between the diopside bands and the colorless salite mantles. The dissolution surfaces on the diopside cores formed in the shallow chamber as a result of pressure decrease. This magma evolution scenario is complicated by the occurrence of the crustal-origin green salite cores in diopsides. These green cores likely represent the relics of continental materials, which were captured in the deep chamber and partially re-melted. Our observations indicate that subducted continental materials were returned to the Earth's surface as a result of magmatism. This study therefore provides direct evidence of a link between subducted continental materials (slab) and magmatism in this orogenic belt. 相似文献
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