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1.
John D. Booth 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):231-265
Twelve common bivalve larvae occurring in the plankton from the Bay of Islands (35°15'S, 174°10'E), Wellington Harbour (41°16'S, 174°51'E), and off Raumati Beach (40°56'S, 174°58'E), New Zealand, during 1970–72 are described and, wherever possible, provisionally identified. The seasonal occurrences of these larvae in the plankton are also described. Information on the spawning cycles of some New Zealand adult bivalves is reviewed; although some species have a short (4 months or less) spawning season, for most it is much longer, possibly with ‘trickle’ spawning through several months of the year. 相似文献
2.
Long-term effects of a toxic algal bloom on subtidal soft-sediment macroinvertebrate communities in Wellington Harbour, New Zealand 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Kerstin Krger Jonathan P.A. Gardner Ashley A. Rowden Robert G. Wear 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,67(4):589-604
The long-term effects (>1 year) of a naturally occurring toxic plankton bloom (Karenia brevisulcata) on subtidal benthic macroinvertebrate communities were investigated in Wellington Harbour, a semi-enclosed temperate embayment in New Zealand. For 3 years communities were sampled at three different sites in the harbour. Analyses revealed that community recovery following the bloom was site-specific. Multivariate analyses indicated that at one site community composition was approaching recovery 3 years post-bloom. At the second site, a sequential recovery process was indicated, whereas at the third site the community composition oscillated from year to year, but did not show any signs of a sequential recovery process. The nature of the hydrodynamic regime was identified as a major factor influencing the observed recovery processes. Communities exposed to an active hydrodynamic regime were less affected by the bloom and differed little in their composition pre- and post-bloom, as they were naturally in a perpetual state of recovery as indicated by a dominance of r-selected species. The community at the hydrodynamically less active site was more affected by the bloom and exhibited temporal differences in composition consistent with successional models. Complete recovery to a pre-disturbance climax community dominated by K-selected species is likely to take 4–5 years, if not interrupted by other disturbances. Given the increased occurrence of harmful algal blooms worldwide, more monitoring and manipulative studies are needed to further evaluate the effects of such disturbances on macrobenthic communities. 相似文献
3.
Sediments from stormdrain catchments and outlets in Wellington city and sediment traps from Wellington Harbour were sampled
for trace metal content. Samples were analysed for total metal content using XRF and ICP-MS. High values of Pb and Zn were
found in stormdrain catchments and outlets, decreasing to elevated background rock levels in the harbour. Maximum values were
recorded in an inner city stormdrain catchment, with levels of Pb (4605 ppm), Cu (2981 ppm) and Zn (3572 ppm) all higher than
the biological probable effects levels (PEL). Concentrations of As, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn concentrations in all harbour sediment
trap samples were below the PEL. The mean values for each harbour sediment trap sample can be used as an accurate historical
baseline in future studies. Stormdrain samples with high trace metal levels were close to industrial and construction sites.
The proximity of these outlets to recreational areas should be of concern to local authorities.
Received: 28 August 1997 · Accepted: 15 December 1997 相似文献
4.
Ravi Mistry 《New Zealand geographer》2005,61(1):54-60
Abstract: This article discusses the redevelopment of a significant area of Wellington city's waterfront, centred on the Chaffers Park district between the national museum, Te Papa Tongarewa, and Oriental Bay. This site is now being transformed into Waitangi Park. The analysis seeks to determine whether or not the redevelopment will be successful, by assessing the wider context of the issue and evaluating the perspectives of stakeholders. 相似文献
5.
Analysis of ten heavy metals (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Zn) in six sediment cores from Wellington Harbour show both anthropogenic enrichments and diagenetic modifications. Absolute concentrations determined by two methods, x-ray fluorescence and acid leaching for bioavailability, are not comparable. However, vertical trends in concentrations of the cored sediment are comparable. To assess levels of anthropogenic pollution, enrichment factors (enriched concentrations in upper core divided by background levels in lower core) are preferred over index of accumulation (I
geo) values because preindustrial or background levels of heavy metals are well constrained. The ten metals are placed into three groups: (1) Cu, Pb, and Zn, which show the most anthropogenic enrichment; (2) As, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Sb, which are often associated with anthropogenic pollution but show only minor enrichment; and (3) Fe and Mn, which are diagenetically enriched. Assuming harbor waters are well mixed, anthropogenic enrichments of Cu, Pb, and Zn, are time correlative, but the degree of enrichment depends on the method of analysis and core location. Levels of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn show small variations in preindustrial sediments that are not related to changes in grain size and probably result from changes in the oxidation-reduction potential of the sediments and salinity of the pore waters. 相似文献
6.
Heavy metal analysis of the < 20 μm fraction of marine sediments from Wellington Harbour and Waiwhetu Stream have shown that the Waiwhetu Stream is easily the most polluted area in the Wellington Harbour system with Pb and Zn in the extremely polluted category and Cu, Cd, and Hg in the moderately to strongly polluted category. These elements have different distributions in the stream sediments reflecting their different sources from adjacent factories. In Wellington Harbour itself, the central basin of the harbour suffers from minimal pollution. Pb, and to a lesser extent Zn and Cu, are the main pollutants and local enrichment of these elements is noted in Lambton Harbour basin, off Pencarrow and Moa Point outfalls, in Evans Bay, and off Petone and Kaiwharawhara. The geochemical data do not enable us to identify the source of the pollutants unambiguously. A summary of the history of waste discharges into the harbour suggests that heavy metal pollution may have been higher in the past. 相似文献
7.
Balaena Bay, Wellington Harbour, New Zealand, has a small pocket beach that was covered originally by pebbles and cobbles. In February and October 1982, the beach was nourished with sandy granular gravel, the stability of which was monitored until February 1984. Although isolated from oceanic swell, the new beach readily responded to locally generated wind waves which induced both northwards and southwards longshore drift. The net effect was erosion of the southern beach, aggradation over the central beach, and minor fluctuations at the northern end. Yet despite this mobility nearly all the nourishment sediment was retained in the littoral zone. Beach volumes, calculated for each survey, varied little and sediment distribution patterns revealed negligable transport of nourishment sediment to adjacent beaches and offshore areas. Stability is further confirmed by compositional data which record no preferential loss of the sandstone, argillite, and quartz components. The only compositional changes were the incorporation into the new beach of small (< 10%) quantities of sediment derived from the old beach surface and from biogenic productivity. 相似文献
8.
Four enzymes and one protein were tested in starch and cellulose acetate gels as biochemical tags for the separation of flounder (Rhombosolea spp.) larvae and O‐groups. Lactate dehydrogenase phenotypes separated O‐groups and larvae (longer than about 5 mm) of R. plebeia from R. leporina and R. retiaria. General protein phenotypes separated similar specimens of R. leporina from R. plebeia and R. retiaria. Most Rhombosolea larvae and O‐groups caught in Wellington Harbour were R. plebeia. 相似文献
9.
This study records the Diptera fauna (excluding Culicidae) breeding in phytotelmata in the Auckland and Wellington regions of New Zealand, particularly in native forest habitats. Diptera larvae were relatively abundant in the leaf axils of the native epiphyte Collospermum hastatum, and in the fallen leaves of the native nikau palm Rhypalostylis sapida. Chironomidae and Tipulidae were the most common families collected, but larvae of Anisopodidae, Ceratopogonidae, Empididae, Psychodidae, and Syrphidae were also present. 相似文献
10.
Sediments from stormdrain catchments in Wellington city and sediment traps from Wellington Harbor were sampled for trace
metal content. Samples were analyzed for acid leached metal content by extraction with 0.11 mol acetic acid l–1 and using ICP-MS. Cu and Zn levels in harbor sediment traps increased towards the periphery of the harbor, while Pb levels
adjacent to a road almost doubled. In general, areas of light industry in the Inner City stormdrain catchments exhibited higher
acid leached metal concentrations. However, large-scale renovation work probably contributed to point sources of high metal
levels. The proximity of stormdrain outlets to recreational activities, such as wharf fishing and shellfish gathering, should
be of prime concern to local authorities.
Some positive correlations are found between acid leached and total metal levels. These may prove useful for assessing the
biological impact of significant increases in total metal concentrations in the vicinity of Wellington Harbor. Significant
savings in the time and costs of analyses may be achieved.
Received: 27 February 1998 · Accepted: 27 April 1998 相似文献