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不同边界条件对多年冻土上限影响的模型试验研究 总被引:17,自引:10,他引:17
在全球气候转暖对多年冻土影响的情景下,开展了在多模式下气温升高对冻土上限的影响试验研究。针对不加抛石遮阳棚、加抛石、加抛石遮阳棚3种情况,地表温度均采取基本温度加2次不同升温冻融循环,每次温控指标逐级提高0.5℃,即地表温度3次变化依次按照-16.1~5.8~-13.3℃、-15.6~6.3~-12.8℃、-15.1~6.8~-12.3℃进行,结果表明,加抛石及遮阳棚对多年冻土上限有着明显的影响,冻土上限的变化与气温基本上呈正相关,为寒区道路工程设计与施工提供了理论参考依据。 相似文献
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With globe warming, road safety will change dramatically, especially within the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau permafrost regions. Because
of higher elevation and better atmospheric transparency, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has stronger radiation than other regions,
which can change the daily variation of ground surface temperature on the Plateau. The awning measure (shading board) is one of
the actively protected permafrost measures, which was adopted along the Qinghai-Tibet railway and highway and the Qing-Kang
Highway in China. Field test results show that embankment surface month mean net radiation is 60–130 W/m2, but the value is
below 20 W/m2 under the shading board, and the reducing level of natural net radiation is 80%–90%. The shading board reduced
the heat flow entering into the embankment by 80%–90% or more, with heat entering into the soil on the common embankment,
but emitting from the embankment under the shading board. At the same time, ground surface temperature under the shading
board is 6–8 °C lower than the exposed embankment. Test results show that the shading board measure can rapidly and effectively
reduce net radiation and heat flow into the embankment, decrease embankment surface and interior temperature, effectively delay
increase rate of soil temperature under globe warming, ensure stability and safety of the embankment, and guarantee unblocked
road projects in cold and permafrost regions. 相似文献
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遮阳板碎石复合护坡是一种集碎石护坡和遮阳板护坡双重效用于一体的新型复合护坡结构,是一种很好的治理高温冻土区块碎石护坡路基病害的补强措施。基于遮阳板和块碎石单个工程措施降温机制的研究,通过对这种新型复合护坡路基的温度场和速度场特征以及降温过程的研究,提出新型复合护坡路基的降温机制。研究发现,封闭新型复合护坡的主要降温机制是:复合护坡中遮阳板有遮阳和挡风雪作用,碎石层有“热半导体”效应和“热屏蔽效应”(屏蔽遮阳板的二次辐射);开放新型复合护坡的主要降温机制是:遮阳板有遮阳、挡风雪作用,碎石护坡有 “热屏蔽效应”(屏蔽热风和二次辐射)和“烟囱效应”,遮阳板和碎石护坡组合的通道有“虹吸效应”、“狭管效应”和 “烟囱效应”。研究成果完善和深化了新型复合护坡路基研究基础,而且对遮阳板和块碎石结构在青藏铁路或青藏公路中的应用提供科学依据和技术支撑。 相似文献
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青藏铁路遮阳板措施应用效果观测研究 总被引:10,自引:6,他引:4
在青藏铁路的施工建设中,许多主动保护冻土的措施已经被采用,遮阳板就是其中之一.遮阳板措施的保温效果在应用只有1 a的时间里面就表现出来,在第1个冷暖季节过后,在遮阳板保护下的路基土体温度就较普通路基低,在路基左路肩部位(阳坡)低出3~5℃;在路基的左右护道、路肩孔和中心孔冻土上限抬升在1.0~1.7 m,平均抬升1.1 m.遮阳板措施对于保护路基冻土效果较其它主动保护冻土措施更快、更明显,是多年冻土区工程建设中主动保护冻土措施的首选措施之一. 相似文献
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