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Skier-triggered avalanches are the main cause of avalanche accidents in backcountry skiing. The risk of accidents during backcountry
skiing was analysed statistically and related to factors such as elevation level, aspect, stability rating and the time of
the year. The analysis is based on a database about terrain usage and avalanche accidents from a large heli-skiing operator
in Canada, which makes it possible to study the conditional probability of accidents given the recorded pattern of terrain
usage. This study shows that the historical risk of accidentally triggering an avalanche greater than size 1 depends highly
on the stability rating, with the highest risk occurring during “poor” stability. The risk is greater at high elevations,
and it is lower during the late season than earlier on. Skier risk does not depend as much on aspect as may be indicated from
avalanche data alone. However, it is relatively high in the N–NE–E sector. These factors are not independent of each other
and therefore analyses of combined factors were also performed. Questionnaires and interviews were used to gain knowledge
about the terrain selection of professional mountain guides. These results indicate that when selecting terrain, guides first
look at the overall shape and size of the terrain, but avalanche history of terrain and inclination are also important factors.
Finally, remarks in avalanche reports were analysed, and common human factors identified. 相似文献
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滑雪旅游开发布局影响因素与对策研究——以内蒙古自治区滑雪旅游开发为例 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
滑雪度假旅游成为欧美山地旅游开发的主要形式。近十几年来，山地滑雪旅游在中国迅速发展，并成为东北一些地方旅游产品的主打品牌。本文从滑雪旅游开发布局影响因素研究出发，通过对中国滑雪旅游市场的需求与供给这对矛盾的全面分析，对照发达国家的滑雪旅游开展状况，总结出中国目前比较缺乏中高端的旅游滑雪场所。据此，作者提出内蒙古应以发展中高端滑雪旅游作为切入点，以阿尔山国际滑雪场为主，建立山地型滑雪网络和滑雪天堂的旅游形象。这些重要结论，对内蒙古发展冰雪旅游业、突破冬季无旅游、延长旅游季节性等方面有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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New Zealand tramping huts are a rudimentary but valued form of recreational accommodation. While huts fundamentally offer shelter, their aesthetics and history can also be valued. We review the origins of the huts system and draw on entries in visitor books to demonstrate divergent views regarding newer and more traditional huts. We conclude that while ‘new‐generation’ huts facilitate a broader spectrum of users, ‘heritage’ huts may need partnerships with user groups and corporate sponsorship to ensure their survival. 相似文献
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运用1988~2017年贵州省玉舍滑雪场附近30年气候资料和2015~2016年冬季滑雪场客流量资料,分析贵州高海拔地区滑雪运动与气象条件的关系,进而进行滑雪气象指数等级研究。结果表明:(1)玉舍滑雪场冬季具有少雨、低风、温度适宜的气候特点,可以开展滑雪运动。(2)玉舍的滑雪人数与气象因子风速、气温、相对湿度、降水量呈显著反相关。(3)根据玉舍滑雪场气候背景特征,分别对降水量、相对湿度、舒适度指数三个气象要素进行分级,通过实际滑雪人数分级与滑雪气象指数等级预报进行的检验表明:实际滑雪气象指数等级与指数预报等级相同(即绝对值之差为0)的准确率达26.4%,实际滑雪气象指数等级与指数预报等级绝对值之差为1的准确率达66.7%,即预报滑雪气象指数等级与实际滑雪气象指数等级之差≥1的准确率达93%。 相似文献
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Christian Pfeifer 《Natural Hazards》2009,48(3):425-438
Most fatal avalanche accidents in the Alps are caused by skiers and snowboarders. It has been one aim from the beginning to
give guidelines for backcountry skiers in order to avoid avalanche accidents. About 10 years ago, the mountain guide Werner
Munter developed a strategy for backcountry skiers whether to go or not to go on a skiing tour. However, his decision strategy
has a lack of empirical evidence because he does not take into account incidents without avalanche accidents. This article
proposes a decision strategy for backcountry skiers based on probabilities of a logistic regression model using variables,
such as danger level, incline of the slope and aspect of the slope, which turned out to be the most important ones. Additional
information on frequencies of skiers on slopes under specific conditions is included in the model. We used accident data and
avalanche forecasts in Tyrol reported by the Tyrolean avalanche information service within three seasons (1999–2002, 497 days
of observations) for model building. Additionally we carried out a holdout validation using data of the same type within two
seasons (2002–2004, 314 days of observation) in order to check the accuracy of the model. Our proposal shows a remarkable
correlation with Munter’s method. 相似文献
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中国滑雪旅游市场需求研究 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
文章在对滑雪旅游进行述评的基础上,运用前人的研究成果和相关统计资料,着重研究中国滑雪旅游的需求情况。假设影响滑雪旅游需求的3个最主要因素为年龄、教育、收入,用德尔菲法对其重要性赋予权重。运用统计资料分别依3个因素对中国大陆31个省市区进行孤立的市场潜力分级,得出每个地区的潜力指数,并将3个不同的指数以一定权重计算得出滑雪旅游市场需求综合潜力指数。最后针对东北地区引入滑雪旅游阻力指数,加以修正,得到中国滑雪旅游总体需求与需求最具潜力地区的情况。 相似文献
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Chongli is one of the venues for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. Since 2009, the government of Chongli has emphasized the development of a tourism strategy, which gradually contributed to alleviating regional poverty. With data collected from 2009 to 2019, ski tourism and the regional economy in Chongli were analyzed using the Coupling Coordination Degree (CCD) Model. This analysis indicated, first, there were three stages in the relationship between ski tourism and the regional economy in Chongli, including weak coordination (2009-2011), starting coordination (2012-2015), and strong coordination (2016-2019). Second, sport tourism, such as ski tourism, is likely to contribute to the regional economy and alleviate poverty. Third, the case of Chongli illustrates that policy and sports events are significant for helping a place to develop sports tourism, in addition to making full use of local resources. Finally, the development of skiing tourism has had a positive impact on citizens’ and farmers’ incomes, though it may have impacted citizens more. This research suggests that regional resources are essential for the development of sport tourism and the promotion of regional economies. Developing regions should seize the bonus period of sports events and policies. More attention should be paid to the differences between urban citizens and farmers in order to establish a better redistribution system. Considering the climatic factors, more studies need to analyze the sustainability of ski tourism in developing regions. 相似文献
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