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1.
N. H. S. OLIVER I. CARTWRIGHT V. J. WALL S. D. GOLDING 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1993,11(5):705-720
Abstract Large calcite veins and pods in the Proterozoic Corella Formation of the Mount Isa Inlier provide evidence for kilometre-scale fluid transport during amphibolite facies metamorphism. These 10- to 100-m-scale podiform veins and their surrounding alteration zones have similar oxygen and carbon isotopic ratios throughout the 200 × 10-km Mary Kathleen Fold Belt, despite the isotopic heterogeneity of the surrounding wallrocks. The fluids that formed the pods and veins were not in isotopic equilibrium with the immediately adjacent rocks. The pods have δ13Ccalcite values of –2 to –7% and δ18Ocalcite values of 10.5 to 12.5%. Away from the pods, metadolerite wallrocks have δ18Owhole-rock values of 3.5 to 7%. and unaltered banded calc-silicate and marble wallrocks have δ13Ccalcite of –1.6 to –0.6%, and δ18Ocalcite of 18 to 21%. In the alteration zones adjacent to the pods, the δ18O values of both metadolerite and calc-silicate rocks approach those of the pods. Large calcite pods hosted entirely in calc-silicates show little difference in isotopic composition from pods hosted entirely in metadolerite. Thus, 100- to 500-m-scale isotopic exchange with the surrounding metadolerites and calc-silicates does not explain the observation that the δ18O values of the pods are intermediate between these two rock types. Pods hosted in felsic metavolcanics and metasiltstones are also isotopically indistinguishable from those hosted in the dominant metadolerites and calc-silicates. These data suggest the veins are the product of infiltration of isotopically homogeneous fluids that were not derived from within the Corella Formation at the presently exposed crustal level, although some of the spread in the data may be due to a relatively small contribution from devolatilization reactions in the calc-silicates, or thermal fluctuations attending deformation and metamorphism. The overall L-shaped trend of the data on plots of δ13C vs. δ18O is most consistent with mixing of large volumes of externally derived fluids with small volumes of locally derived fluid produced by devolatilization of calc-silicate rocks. Localization of the vein systems in dilatant sites around metadolerite/calc-silicate boundaries indicates a strong structural control on fluid flow, and the stable isotope data suggest fluid migration must have occurred at scales greater than at least 1 km. The ultimate source for the external fluid is uncertain, but is probably fluid released from crystallizing melts derived from the lower crust or upper mantle. Intrusion of magmas below the exposed crustal level would also explain the high geothermal gradient calculated for the regional metamorphism. 相似文献
2.
Stability of fluorite and titanite in a calc-silicate rock from the Vizianagaram area, Eastern Ghats Belt, India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In the Vizianagaram area (E 83°29.442′; N 18°5.418′) of the Eastern Ghats Belt, India, a suite of graphite‐bearing calc‐silicate granulites, veined by syenitic rocks, developed wollastonite‐rich veins at 6–7 kbar and > 850 °C. During subsequent near‐isobaric cooling wollastonite was replaced by calcite + quartz and a graphic intergrowth of fluorite + quartz ± clinopyroxene. Titanite with variable Al and F contents is present throughout the rock. Combining the compositional variation of titanite and recent experimental data, it is demonstrated that the mineral assemblage, the composition of coexisting fluids and the mobility of Al exert a far greater control on the composition of titanite than pressure, temperature or the whole rock composition. Thermodynamically computed isothermal–isobaric logfO2– logfCO2 and logfF2– logfO2 grids in the systems Ca–Fe–Si–O–F (CISOF; calcite‐free) and Ca–Fe–Si–O–F–C–H (CISOFV; calcite‐present) demonstrate the influence of bulk rock and fluid compositions on the stability of the fluorite‐bearing assemblages in diverse geological environments and resolve the problem of the stability of titanite in fayalite + fluorite‐bearing rocks in the Adirondacks. The mineralogy of the studied rocks and the topological constraints tightly fix the logfO2, logfF2 and logfCO2 at ?15.8, ?30.6 and 4.1, respectively, at 6.5 kbar and c. 730 °C. Because of the similarity in the P–T conditions, the compositions of pore fluids in the fluorite‐bearing assemblages of the Adirondacks and the Eastern Ghats Belt have been compared. 相似文献
3.
Contrasting mineral parageneses in high-temperature calc-silicate granulites: examples from the Eastern Ghats, India 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
S. DASGUPTA 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1993,11(2):193-202
Abstract Three types of mineral associations are described from calc-silicate granulites from the Eastern Ghats, India, where geothermobarometry in associated rocks suggests extremely high P–T conditions of metamorphism ( c . 9 ± 1 kbar, 950° C). These mineral associations are: (i) calcite + quartz + scapolite + plagioclase, (ii) calcite + scapolite + wollastonite + porphyroblastic garnet + coronal garnet and (iii) calcite + quartz + wollastonite + scapolite + porphyroblastic garnet + coronal garnet, all coexisting with K-feldspar, titanite and clinopyroxene. The first two associations evolved through nearly isobaric cooling retrograde paths, whereas the third evolved through a nearly isothermal decompression path followed by an isobaric cooling retrograde path. Textural and compositional characteristics suggest the following mineral reactions in the calc-silicate granulites: calcite + quartz = wollastonite + CO2 , calcite + plagioclase = scapolite, calcite + scapolite + wollastonite = porphyroblastic garnet ± quartz + CO2 , CaTs + wollastonite = coronal garnet (association ii) and wollastonite + scapolite = coronal garnet (association iii) + quartz + CO2 . Andradite content in garnet was buffered by the redox equilibria wollastonite + hedenbergite + O2 = andradite + quartz (association iii) and wollastonite + andradite + CaTs + scapolite = hedenbergite + calcite + grossular + O2 (association ii). The contrasting mineral parageneses have been ascribed to interplay of variables such as X CO2 , f O2 , f HCl in the fluid, bulk Na content and the nature of the retrograde P–T–X CO2 paths through which the rocks evolved. 相似文献
4.
This paper reports an occurrence of medium-pressure granulite facies calc-silicate rocks intercalated with pelitic gneisses in the Higo metamorphic terrane, central Kyushu, Japan, which is classified as a low- P /high- T (andalusite-sillimanite type) metamorphic belt. Three equilibrium stages are recognized in the calc-silicate rock based on reaction textures: M1 stage characterized by an assemblage of porphyroblastic garnet + coarse-grained clinopyroxene + plagioclase included in the clinopyroxene; M2 stage by two kinds of breakdown products of garnet, one is plagioclase + coronitic clinopyroxene within garnet and the other is plagioclase + vermicular clinopyroxene surrounding garnet; and M3 stage by amphibole replacing clinopyroxene. The key assemblage in the calc-silicate rock common to M1 and M2 stages is Grt + Cpx + Pl ± Qtz, which constrains the pressure and temperature ( P – T ) conditions for these stages by Fe–Mg exchange reaction and the two univariant net-transfer reactions: 2Grs + Alm + 3Qtz = 3Hd + 3An or 2Grs + Prp + 3Qtz = 3Di + 3An. The P – T conditions for M1 and M2 stages were estimated to be about 8.4 ± 1.9 kbar and 680 ± 122 °C, and 6.7 ± 1.9 to 8.9 ± 2.2 kbar and 700 ± 130 to 820 ± 160 °C, respectively. Estimates are consistent with an isobaric heating P – T path. The high peak temperature conditions at normal crustal depths and the prograde isobaric heating path probably require heat advection due to melt migration during the high- T metamorphism. 相似文献
5.
Abstract A metasomatic diopside rock occurs at the top of the dolomitic Connemara Marble Formation of western Ireland and contains titanite and K-feldspar in addition to around 90% diopside ( X Mg = 0.90–0.97). U–Pb isotopic measurements on this mineral assemblage show that the titanite is both unusually uranium-rich and isotopically concordant, with the result that a precise U–Pb age of 478 ± 2.5 Ma can be determined. The age is identical within error to a less precise Rb–Sr age of diopside–K-feldspar of 483 ± 6 Ma. Petrological evidence indicates that the assemblage crystallized at c . 620° C close to or below the closure temperature of titanite. The age thus provides a precise estimate of the time of metamorphism; this age is 11 ± 3 Ma younger than the 490 Ma age for nearby gabbroic plutons which has previously been used to constrain the peak metamorphic age. This difference accords well with geological evidence that the gabbros were emplaced prior to the metamorphic peak. Analysis of minerals with high closure temperature from assemblages whose crystallization is unambiguously associated with a specific episode of fluid infiltration at the peak of metamorphism provides the basis for a new approach to dating metamorphism. The success of this approach is demonstrated by the results from Connemara. 相似文献
6.
Reaction textures and fluid behaviour in very high pressure calc-silicate rocks of the Münchberg gneiss complex, Bavaria, Germany 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Calc-silicate rocks occur as elliptical bands and boudins intimately interlayered with eclogites and high-pressure gneisses in the Münchberg gneiss complex of NE Bavaria. Core assemblages of the boudins consist of grossular-rich garnet, diopside, quartz, zoisite, clinozoisite, calcite, rutile and titanite. The polygonal granoblastic texture commonly displays mineral relics and reaction textures such as post kinematic grossular-rich garnet coronas. Reactions between these mineral phases have been modelled in the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-CO2-H2O system with an internally consistent thermodynamic data base. High-pressure metamorphism in the calc-silicate rocks has been estimated at a minimum pressure of 31 kbar at a temperature of 630d? C with XH2, O ≥ 0.03. Small volumes of a CO2-N2-rich fluid whose composition was buffered on a local scale were present at peak-metamorphic conditions. The P-T conditions for the onset of the amphibolite facies overprint are about 10 kbar at the same temperature. XCo2 of the H2O-rich fluid phase is regarded to have been <0.03 during amphibolite facies conditions. These P-T estimates are interpreted as representing different stages of recrystallization during isothermal decompression. The presence of multiple generations of mineral phases and the preservation of very high-pressure relics in single thin sections preclude pervasive post-peak metamorphic fluid flow as a cause of a re-equilibration within the calc-silicates. The preservation of eclogite facies, very high-pressure relics as well as amphibolite facies reactions textures in the presence of a fluid phase is in agreement with fast, tectonically driven unroofing of these rocks. 相似文献
7.
Vesuvianite-wollastonite-grossular-bearing calc-silicate rock near Tatapani,Surguja district,Chhattisgarh 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
S C Patel 《Journal of Earth System Science》2007,116(2):143-147
This paper reports the occurrence of vesvianite + wollastonite + grossular + diopside + microcline + quartz assemblage in
an enclave of calc-silicate rocks occurring within quartzofeldspathic gneiss near Tatapani in the western part of Chhotanagpur
Gneissic Complex. The enclave contains phlogopite-absent and phlogopite-bearing calc-silicate rocks, the latter being much
more abundant than the former. The above assemblage occurs in the phlogopite-absent rock. Phlogopite-bearing rock contains
the assemblage phlogopite + salite + microcline + plagioclase + quartz. A strong schistosity is developed in both the calc-silicate
rocks and the minerals are syntectonic with the major foliation-forming event in the area. The vesuvianite-bearing assemblage
is formed by amphibolite facies regional metamorphism of a calcareous protolith at pressure < 4 kbar and XCO
2 (fluid) < 0.15. 相似文献
8.
内蒙古大青山地区孔兹岩系中钙硅酸盐岩的组成和地球化学特征 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16
在内蒙古大青山地区的孔兹岩系中,透辉片麻岩岩组以钙硅酸盐岩为特征的岩石组合作为一个独立的岩石地层单元产于榴云片麻岩岩组之上、大理岩岩组之下。该岩组由透辉片麻岩（DG）和透辉长石变粒岩（DFG）、长石透辉变粒岩（FDG）、透辉石岩（DD）、透辉大理岩（DM）组成,普遍以富含透辉石、榍石、方柱石和磷灰石为特征。富Ca、Sr、Na,贫Cr、Ni、Co、Sc的特征显示该岩组中有化学沉积物的存在。并且,从DM—DD—FDG—DFG和DG表现的CaO与SiO2负相关、Al2O3与SiO2正相关反映了岩石中碎屑组分增加、化学沉积减少的趋势。常量元素、微量元素和稀土元素的分布特征说明是一套由富铁白云质泥岩-钙质泥岩、钙质杂砂岩夹泥质灰岩、泥灰岩-含钙质长石砂岩组成的沉积建造,形成于干旱气候、潮间带或泻湖、陆源碎屑供给不足的环境中。消除化学沉积的影响后,该岩组的地球化学特征尤其是稀土元素与区内的榴云片麻岩十分相似,反映它们有共同的源区。它与榴云片麻岩岩组、大理岩岩组一起构成碎屑沉积－碎屑沉积加化学沉积－化学沉积组成的沉积旋回,类似于华北克拉通内中元古代长城系的沉积特征,因而支持孔兹岩系形成于克拉通内沉积盆地的观点。 相似文献
9.
本文对印度南部麻粒岩地体Namakkal陆块Tammampatti地区方柱石石榴子石钙硅酸盐岩进行了详细的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和变质相平衡模拟研究,以研究其岩石成因和地质意义。岩相学观察识别出两阶段变质矿物组合:第一阶段为石榴子石+方柱石+斜长石+榍石+钛铁矿;第二阶段为石榴子石边部的绿帘石和方柱石边缘的方解石、斜长石和石英冠状体。CL图像分析显示锆石可分为两种,分别为高亮度和低亮度的变质锆石。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年得到高亮度变质锆石~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb加权平均年龄为2562±17Ma,而低亮度变质锆石的~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb加权平均年龄稍年轻,为2495±15Ma。基于相平衡模拟计算了2个样品18ID-24和18ID-25的P-T视剖面图,确定它们峰期变质PT条件分别为4.3～7.1kbar、800～960℃和4.0～7.8kbar、750～854℃。高亮度变质锆石年龄2562±17Ma与Namakkal陆块紫苏花岗岩的原岩结晶年龄相当,其代表了紫苏花岗岩的原岩侵入导致的接触交代变质作用形成方柱石石榴子石钙硅酸盐岩的时代;低亮度变质锆石年龄2495±15Ma与该地区大约2530～2440Ma的高温-超高温变质作用时代相吻合,因此认为其代表区域性变质作用叠加的时代。根据全岩成分以及矿物组合,我们推测该岩石为中酸性岩浆岩(紫苏花岗岩原岩)与碳酸盐岩发生交代变质作用的产物。 相似文献
10.
Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism and decompressional P-T paths of eclogites and country rocks from Weihai, eastern China 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Abstract Altered quartz-rich and nearly quartz-free eclogitic rocks and completely retrograde quartz-rich garnet amphibolites occur as blocks or lenses in gneisses at Weihai, northeastern tip of the Sulu ultrahigh-P belt. Eclogitic rocks with assemblage garnet ± clinopyroxene ± coesite + rutile have experienced three-stage metamorphic events including ultrahigh-pressure eclogite, granulite and amphibolite facies. Granulite metamorphic event is characterized by formation of the hypersthene + salite + plagioclase ± hornblende corona between garnet and quartz + clinopyroxene. P-T conditions for the three-stage recrystallization sequence are 840 ± 50°C, >28 kbar, about 760±50°C, 9 kbar, and ~650°C, <8 kbar respectively. Most country rock gneisses contain dominant amphibolite-facies assemblages; some garnet-bearing clinopyroxene gneisses recrystallized under granulite-facies conditions at about 740±50°C and 8.5 kbar; similar to granulite-facies retrograde metamorphism of the enclosed eclogitic blocks. Minor cale-silicate lenses within gneisses containing an assemblage grossular + salite + titanite + quartz with secondary zoisite and plagioclase may have formed within a large pressure range of 14-35 kbar. Eclogitic boudins and quartzo-feldspathic country rocks may have experienced coeval in situ UHP and subsequent retrograde metamorphism. The established nearly isothermal decompression P-T path suggests that this area may represent the interior portion of a relatively large subducted sialic block. The recognized UHP terrane may extend eastward across the Yellow Sea to the Korean Peninsula. 相似文献