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卡宾碳——一种新的元素碳的同素异形体 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
卡宾碳（carbyne)是元素碳的一种新的同素异形体，它广泛存在于各种地质体和碳化生物化石中。本文阐述了卡宾碳的一般性状和结构，以及赵氏碳（choaite)和自然界中的卡宾碳，还简要阐述了卡宾碳的合成方法。卡宾碳还有许多疑难问题，合成足够大，足够纯和足够量的卡宾碳晶体，是推进卡宾碳研究的关键。 相似文献
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Tatyana G. SHUMILOVA Sergey I. ISAENKO Vasily V. ULYASHEV Boris A. MAKEEV Michael A. RAPPENGLüCK Aleksey A. VELIGZHANIN Kord ERNSTSON 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(6):2179-2200
Unusual carbonaceous matter, termed here chiemite, composed of more than 90% C from the Alpine Foreland at Lake Chiemsee in Bavaria, southeastern Germany has been investigated using optical and atomic force microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis, as well as by δ13C and 14C radiocarbon isotopic data analysis. In the pumice-like fragments, poorly ordered carbon matter co-exists with high-ordering monocrystalline α-carbyne, and contains submicrometer-sized inclusions of complex composition. Diamond and carbyne add to the peculiar mix of matter. The required very high temperatures and pressures for carbyne formation point to a shock event probably from the recently proposed Holocene Chiemgau meteorite impact. The carbon material is suggested to have largely formed from heavily shocked coal, vegetation like wood, and peat from the impact target area. The carbonization/coalification high PT process may be attributed to a strong shock that instantaneously caused the complete evaporation and loss of volatile matter and water, which nevertheless preserved the original cellular structure seen fossilized in many fragments. Relatively fresh wood encapsulated in the purported strongly shocked matter point to quenched carbon melt components possibly important for the discussion of survival of organic matter in meteorite impacts, implying an astrobiological relationship. 相似文献
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