四川盆地西部富钾卤水水文地球化学特征及其成因意义探讨   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

林耀庭  颜仰基 《盐湖研究》1996,4(1):1-12

四川盆地西部宫钾卤水以深层卤水形式赋存于地下４０００余ｍ的中三叠统雷口坡组四段（Ｔ２ｌ４）盐系的碳酸盐岩储层中。富钾卤水与海水不同浓缩阶段相比，其中含Ｋ＋含量异常高，构成液态钾矿资源；Ｂｒ－、Ｉ－、Ｂ（３＋）、Ｌｉ＋等稀有组分也远超过综合利用工业品位，为优质化工原料水。富钾卤水为沉积变质和钾盐溶滤的复合成因，具有固夜态找钾的指示意义。本文为四川盆地固液态找钾提供了有价值的线索。  相似文献   

面向21世纪的煤化工   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

魏贤勇  高晋生 《华北地质矿产杂志》1996,11(1):1-8

煤炭是中国的主要能源和资源，但同时也是主要的污染源。从保护环境、合理利用有限的化石资源的角度和中国的具体国情考虑，应该大力开发温和化高效煤的新工艺，使煤炭资源逐步由能源型利用转化为材料型利用，近年来，我们在煤的溶剂萃取，脱硫降灰机理，煤相关模型化合物反应，煤焦油中稠环芳香族化合物的分离精制，功能性高分子单体合成及一氧化碳高效吸附剂的制备等方面做了大量的研究工作，结合这些研究工作，本文介绍了煤化工的  相似文献   

Prediction of the abiotic degradability of organic compounds in the troposphere     

Hans Güsten  Leo Klasinc  Dubravko Marić 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1984,2(1):83-93

A statistically relevant correlation between the reaction rate coefficient, k _OH, for the OH radical reaction with 161 organic compounds in the gas phase at 300 K, and the corresponding vertical ionisation energies E _i,v, reveals two classes of compounds: aromatics where –log(k _OH/cm³s^-1)3/2E _i,v(eV)–2 and aliphatics where –log(k _OH/cm³s^-1)4/5E _i,v(eV)+3. The prediction of the rate coefficient, k _OH, for the reaction of OH with organic molecules from the above equations has a probability of about 90%. Assuming a global diurnal mean of the OH radical concentration of 5×10⁵ cm³, the upper limit of the tropospheric half-life of organic compounds and their persistence can be estimated.  相似文献   

东胜地区煤成烃的发现及其意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙晔  李子颖 《铀矿地质》2007,23(2):77-83

在东胜地区发现了煤成烃现象，论文从多角度提供了证据，进一步阐述了煤成烃与铀成矿之间的关系，指出煤成烃为铀成矿提供了重要的还原剂，且有利于保矿，为找矿提供了新的有机标志。该研究拓宽了铀矿床有机地球化学研究领域。  相似文献   

Potential Impact of Production Chemicals on the Toxicity of Produced Water Discharges from North Sea Oil Platforms   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

S.B. Henderson  S.J.W. Grigson  P. Johnson  B.D. Roddie 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,38(12):1229-1151

Production chemicals are used on offshore oil production platforms to prevent corrosion and scale formation, and to assist oil–water separation. A proportion of these chemicals may enter the marine environment via the produced water discharge. This study investigated the potential impact of 11 oilfield production chemicals on the toxicity of the produced water discharge. The Microtox® system was used for toxicity assessment of the chemicals, both directly in aqueous preparations and following their partitioning between oil (crude and low toxicity mineral base oil) and North Sea brine. For the majority of the chemicals tested, the toxicity of the aqueous phase to the test organism following partitioning against crude oil, was not significantly altered by the presence of process chemicals when used in their normal field dosage concentrations. However, there was evidence that certain chemicals could increase the partitioning of oil components into the aqueous phase by an order of magnitude, when applied at high dosage concentrations.  相似文献   

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Free and Conjugated Estrogens During Soil Column Transport     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(2)

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土壤水环境中有机污染物生物处理过程模型研究     

刘凌  崔广柏 《湖泊科学》2000,12(3):255-264

生物处理是一种经济有效处理土壤水环境中有机污染物的手段,本文在研究土地生物处理过程的基础上,建立了综合描述有机污染物在土壤－水－微生物系统中扩散、吸附／解吸、屏蔽和生物降解过程的数学模型。为确定模型中各参数在模型计算中的作用和相对重要性,进行了参数灵敏度分析,预计数学模型可以定量预测有机污染物进行土地生物处理所需的要时间和程度,为构建土地生物处理工程提供参考。  相似文献   

煤成甲烷碳同位素分馏的动力学模拟   总被引：10，自引：6，他引：4  

熊永强  耿安松  刘金钟 《地球化学》2004,33(6):545-550

主要目的是通过动力学模拟实验与GC-IRMS技术建立煤成甲烷碳同位素分馏的动力学模拟.热解产物中甲烷碳同位素的测定结果表明,同时假定生气过程中同位素分馏系数(α)固定不变和所有产甲烷母质具有相同的初始碳同位素组成(δ13Co)对于解释煤化过程中的碳同位素分馏是不可行的.在本研究中,为了解决陆源有机质的非均质性,应用了两个方法:一是假定对于煤中所有产甲烷前身物具有一个相同的初始碳同位素组成(δ13Co),通过调整各个平行反应的△Ea,i(Ea,i13C-Ea,i12C)来拟合实测甲烷同位素组成的变化;另一个是假定在整个生气过程中同位素分馏系数(α)不变,即△Ea,i为常数,通过改变fi13C来实现与实测甲烷同位素的拟合.动力学计算结果表明,在2℃/Ma的地质升温速率下两种方法具有相似的结果.  相似文献   

外源化学物质对鱼类生长和GH/IGF-I轴的影响     

郑艳  汝少国 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,(Z1):102-106

生长激素/胰岛素样生长因子-I轴(Growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-I axis,GH/IGF-I轴)是调控鱼类生长的主要内分泌轴线,许多外源化学物质能够影响鱼类的生长,并且能够干扰GH/IGF-I轴。本文介绍了鱼类GH/IGF-I轴的组成、功能及其对鱼类生长的调控模式,并从GH/IGF-I轴角度探究外源化学物质影响鱼类生长的内分泌作用机制,展望了该领域的发展方向。  相似文献   

The accuracy of methods used to estimate the whole-lake accumulation rate of organic carbon, major cations, phosphorus and heavy metals in sediment   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Brian Rippey  N. John Anderson  Ingemar Renberg  Tom Korsman 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2008,39(1):83-99

The accuracy of three methods used to estimate the whole-lake accumulation rate of chemicals in sediment, the simple mean accumulation rate, regression against water depth and the mean accumulation rate in sedimentation zones, was assessed. The concentrations and accumulation rates of organic carbon, four major cations, phosphorus and four heavy metals in the 1902 to 1988 sediment layer at 43 sites in Kassjön were used and the three methods gave identical results. The accuracy of the simple mean accumulation rate method using 5 or 10 sites was investigated using Monte Carlo simulation and both versions gave accurate results. If the method used the dry sediment accumulation rate at 5 or 10 sites, along with chemical concentration at one central site, then the errors were less than ±10% for five of the chemicals and larger for the others (?20 or 20–40%), although the direction of the bias was predictable. If chemical accumulation rate at the central site only was used to estimate the whole-lake value, the bias increased to 25% for the major cations, 50% for the heavy metals and P, and 85% for organic carbon. Having 43 sites in Kassjön meant that the true whole-lake chemical accumulation rate was known and so the accuracy of the methods and their variants could be assessed for the first time. These findings allow the particulars of the simple mean accumulation rate method to be chosen to suit the accuracy needed for a palaeolimnological investigation.  相似文献