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景观指数的粒度变化效应 总被引：66，自引：0，他引：66
本文以延河流域的1:250000和1:500000土地利用图为对象,以景观格局分析程序Fragstats3.3为分析工具,探讨了不同比例尺条件下景观指数随粒度增加的变化特征.研究结果表明,随着粒度值由25m到400m的逐渐增加,除斑块丰富度外的景观指数均具有明显的尺度效应,其中聚集度和集合度没有尺度转折点,其他指数具有明显或不明显的尺度转折点.对比分析1:250000和1:500000土地利用格局指数的计算结果可以发现:1)尺度转折点不是一个值,而是一个相对较小的区间;2)尺度转折点与研究图件的比例尺有关,比例尺越大,所发生的第一次尺度转折点的粒度就越小;3)第一尺度域是选择适宜粒度的较好取值范围.对延河流域1:250000土地利用图进行景观指数计算的适宜粒度范围是70～90m,1:500000土地利用图的适宜粒度范围是90～120m. 相似文献
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锦屏二级水电站深埋引水隧洞群允许最小间距研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
锦屏二级水电站引水隧洞群最大的特点是埋藏深、地应力高、外水压力大。这一极端复杂的赋存环境给4条引水隧洞的中心线间距确定带来了很大的挑战。为此,首先通过流-固耦合的数值计算方法,对洞间岩体塑性区贯通与否、隧洞壁面关键点位移曲线拐点、收敛位移是否超出相关规范共3种判别标准进行分析后,得到引水隧洞群最小理论间距值为50 m。进而在类比与引水隧洞本身相邻的辅助洞和国内外几个典型深埋隧洞的洞径、埋深和间距的基础上,综合确定深埋引水隧洞群的最小允许中心线间距为52 m,为当前设计采用60 m洞间距提供了有力的理论支持。 相似文献
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堆石料大量的大型三轴剪切试验结果表明,其轴向应变与径向应变关系并不完全符合双曲线关系,而是可以分成两段,依次用双曲线关系和直线关系来拟合,提出了一个计算两段关系拐点处径向应变的公式,对Duncan-Chang模型中泊松比的计算进行了修正。根据堆石料应力-应变关系试验结果,提出了一个用8参数拟合其应力-应变关系和体变关系的拟合方法,并将通过此方法得到的计算结果与试验结果进行对比,验证了拟合方法的精度。 相似文献
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A succession of foliations defined by different sillimanite-bearing structural fabrics suggests that the macroscopic, isoclinal synform that dominates the geometry of the Cannington Ag-Pb-Zn deposit, northwest Queensland, Australia formed during D2. The five foliations in this succession, S1 to S5, are defined by aligned sillimanite with habits ranging from individual crystals in S1 through S4 to clusters of fibrolite in S5 in both the matrix and as inclusion trails within garnet and gahnite (Zn-rich spinel) porphyroblasts. S1, S3 and S5 formed as sub-horizontal foliations, whereas S1a, S2 and S4 formed sub-vertically. Foliation intersection/inflexion axes (FIAs) within garnet and gahnite porphyroblasts preserve a succession of trends that shifts from W-E to N-S. This succession indicates that this region experienced N-S followed by W-E bulk crustal shortening. N-S shortening occurred during D1and D1a, and W-E shortening occurred from D2 to D5. Prismatic and rhombic sillimanite produced during D1-D4 accompanied prograde metamorphism to ca. 634 62°C and 4.8 1.3 kbar. The coexistence of fibrous, prismatic and rhombic sillimanite resulted from post peak metamorphic reactivation of the early foliations during D5. The synformal D2 fold was intensified during D4 by W-E bulk shortening. Local partial melting occurred after D1 in the appropriate bulk rock compositions, based on calculation of P-T pseudosections in the chemical systems KFMASH, KFMASHTO, NCKFMASH and MnNCKFMASH. Zn mineralization related to gahnite growth occurred during D3 through D4, and was redistributed by partial melting into structural and rheological sites during D4 and D5shearing. 相似文献
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