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M S Narayanan P K Pal P C Joshi M Mali Baby Simon 《Journal of Earth System Science》1989,98(3):247-254
Water vapour tracers can provide useful information on winds at ≈ 500mb by observing the 6·7μ radiances. This fills the data
gap in the cloud motion winds provided by conventional meteorological geostationary satellites. There is no geostationary
satellite at present over the Indian Ocean with 6·7μ imaging capability to provide mid-tropospheric winds. The potentials
of 6·7μ radiances, available from polar orbiting satellites, for mid-tropospheric circulation features have been examined
in this study. Tiros-N satellite data of May 1979 and ECMWF level-IIIb wind data were analysed to relate the radiances with
the streamlines. We find that the radiances of 6·7μ from orbiting satellites agree well with the wind field. 相似文献
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A detailed barotropic, baroclinic and combined barotropic-baroclinic stability analysis has been carried out with mean monsoon
zonal currents over western India, eastern India and S.E. Asia. The lower and middle tropospheric zonal wind profiles over
western India are barotropically unstable. The structure and growth rate of these modes agree well with the observed features
of the midtropospheric cyclones. Similar profiles over eastern India and S.E. Asia, however, are barotropically stable. This
is attributed to weak horizontal shear, inherent to these profiles. The upper tropospheric profiles, on the other hand, are
barotropically unstable throughout the whole region. The features of these unstable modes agree with those of observed easterly
waves. The baroclinic and combined barotropic-baroclinic stability analyses show that the baroclinic effects are not important
in tropics.
Though the barotropic instability of the mean zonal current seems to be res ponsible for the initial growth of the mid-tropospheric
cyclones, neither barotropic nor baroclinic instability of the mean zonal current seem to explain the observed features of
the monsoon depressions. 相似文献
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NUMERICAL SIMULATION STUDY OF THE OCCURRENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MID-TROPOSPHERIC CYCLONE OVER THE SOUTH CHINA SEA 
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下载免费PDF全文 In this paper,the processes of the occurrence and development of a mid-tropospheric cyclone (MTC hereinafter)over the South China Sea are successfully simulated,adopting the convective heating profile calculated from the ana-lysed data.And a series of numerical experiments show that the convective heating rate, especially its vertical profile,plays a key role in the occurrence,development and maintenance of the MTC.When there is highly concentratedconvective heating in middle layer(400—450hPa),the MTC could occur and maintain for longer time.And the key tosuccessfully predict the MTC by numerical model is to correctly specify the convective heating profile in the model. 相似文献
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As a follow-up of a previously published article on the contribution of tropical waves, this study explores the evolution of the mid-tropospheric mesoscale cyclonic vortex(MV) during the formation of Typhoon Megi(2010) with a successful cloud-resolving simulation. It is found that the formation and intensification of the MV were related to the deep convection and subsequent stratiform precipitation, while the weakening of the MV was related to the shallow convection. Both the upward transport of vorticity related to the deep convection and the horizontal convergence associated with the stratiform precipitation contributed to the formation and intensification of the MV. Even though the latter was dominant, the former could not be ignored, especially in the early stage of the MV. The MV played dual roles in the formation of Megi. On the one hand, the formation and intensification of MV were primarily associated with the stratiform precipitation, which induced the low-level divergence inhibiting the spin-up of the near-surface cyclonic circulation. On the other hand, the coupled low-level cold core under the MV benefited the accumulation of the convective available potential energy(CAPE),which was favorable for the convective activity. A sensitivity experiment with the evaporative cooling turned off indicated that the development of the MV retarded the genesis process of Megi. 相似文献
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A. Chandrasekar 《Journal of Earth System Science》2002,111(4):437-451
A linear model of the response of a stratified atmosphere to isolated heat sources in spherical coordinates is used to study
the maintenance of the mean position of the mid tropospheric ridge and its displacement. It is well known that the performance
of the southwest Indian monsoon is related to the latitudinal position of the April 500 hPa ridge along 75‡E. It was demonstrated
that an anomalous cooling associated with the increased snow cover in Eurasia can result in moderate southward displacement
of the mid-tropospheric ridge. The results of this study indicate that the vertically integrated cooling rate (strength of
heat sink) has more effect on the southward displacement of the ridge when the sink is closer to the ridge. 相似文献
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针对1980～1996年间发生在南海地区的两类中层气旋（MTC）典型个例分别进行合成分析,研究了它们的结构特点。研究发现,西风扰动类MTC在强度上要强于东风扰动类MTC;而东风扰动类在垂直三维结构上随高度向西南方向倾斜的程度远远大于西风扰动类,但它们都是一种冷心结构并且随高度向西南方向倾斜的系统。两类中层气旋的涡度、风速都在中层有最大值,对流层中层为辐合区,300hPa以上为补偿辐散区,垂直上升运动在400hPa达到最大。分析各自的演变过程,发现在MTC的发展过程中,西风扰动类MTC基本处于准静止状态略有西移,而东风扰动类MTC由于其发展过程的独特性,往往向西北方向移动并且移速较大。东风扰动类MTC所在的位置较西风扰动类MTC偏高,这是由于夏季南海地区处于西南季风控制下,东风气流所在位置偏高所致。我们还发现西风扰动类MTC西边的西风气流与MTC发展过程相对应有一个风速加大、维持和减弱的过程;东风扰动类MTC东面的东风气流也有类似过程。同时,与两类MTC相对应的代表副高强度的东风气流随MTC发展的演变表明,当有西风扰动类MTC时,副高有减弱的征兆,而有东风扰动类MTC时,副高并未减弱,反而东风有所加强。对1998年个例进行数值实验表明：MTC系统的对流加热在500hPa达到最大,且对流加热对MTC的发展具有很重要的作用,对流加热越弱,系统发展越弱。 相似文献
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