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Fangquan Li 《地震学报(英文版)》1992,5(4):709-717
In China, a lot of data derived from focal mechanism solutions, and especially, from overcoring and hydrofracturing stress
measurements, as well as borehole breakouts carried out for various aims have contributed to understanding of the state of
the crustal stress. We conducted everin situ stress measurements in a borehole with different methods, for the sake of comparison of various measuring techniques. Furthermore,
we carried out measurements in different borehole with one or two kinds of techniques. All the observations taken out in these
ways showed little variations. So we believe that the data obtained by the techniques can be used to study the tectonic stress
field of certain region and thein situ state of the crustal stress.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, 149–155, 1992. 相似文献
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WU Manlu ZHANG Yueqiao LIAO Chunting CHEN Qunce MA Yinsheng WU Jinsheng YAN Junfeng OU Mingyi 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(4)
Four months after the Wenchuan Ms 8 earthquake in western Sichuan, China, in situ stress measurements were carried out along the Longmenshan fault zone with the purpose of obtaining stress parameters for earthquake hazard assessment. In-situ stresses were measured in three new boreholes by using overcoring with the piezomagnetic stress gauges for shallow depths and hydraulic fracturing for lower depths. The maximum horizontal stress in shallow depths (～20 m) is about 4.3 MPa, oriented NI9°E, in the epicenter area at Yingxiu Town, about 9.7 MPa, oriented N51°W, at Baoxing County in the southwestern Longmenshan range, and about 2.6 MPa, oriented N39°E, near Kangding in the southernmost zone of the Longmenshan range. Hydraulic fracturing at borehole depths from 100 to 400 m shows a tendency towards increasing stress with depth. A comparison with the results measured before the Wenchuan earthquake along the Longmenshan zone and in the Tibetan Plateau demonstrates that the stress level remains relatively high in the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan range, and is still moderate in the epicenter zone. These results provide a key appraisal for future assessment of earthquake hazards of the Longmenshan fault zone and the aftershock occurrences of the Wenchuan earthquake. 相似文献
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Preliminary Results of In‐situ Stress Measurements along the Longmenshan Fault Zone after the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 Earthquake 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
WU Manlu ZHANG Yueqiao LIAO Chunting CHEN Qunce MA Yinsheng WU Jinsheng YAN Junfeng QU Mingyi 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(4):746-753
Abstract: Four months after the Wenchuan Ms 8 earthquake in western Sichuan, China, in situ stress measurements were carried out along the Longmenshan fault zone with the purpose of obtaining stress parameters for earthquake hazard assessment. In-situ stresses were measured in three new boreholes by using overcoring with the piezomagnetic stress gauges for shallow depths and hydraulic fracturing for lower depths. The maximum horizontal stress in shallow depths (~20 m) is about 4.3 MPa, oriented N19°E, in the epicenter area at Yingxiu Town, about 9.7 MPa, oriented N51°W, at Baoxing County in the southwestern Longmenshan range, and about 2.6 MPa, oriented N39°E, near Kangding in the southernmost zone of the Longmenshan range. Hydraulic fracturing at borehole depths from 100 to 400 m shows a tendency towards increasing stress with depth. A comparison with the results measured before the Wenchuan earthquake along the Longmenshan zone and in the Tibetan Plateau demonstrates that the stress level remains relatively high in the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan range, and is still moderate in the epicenter zone. These results provide a key appraisal for future assessment of earthquake hazards of the Longmenshan fault zone and the aftershock occurrences of the Wenchuan earthquake. 相似文献
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汶川地震后沿龙门山裂断带原地应力测量初步结果 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2008年5月12日在中国四川省西部汶川发生Ms8.0地震,震中位于青藏东缘龙门山断裂带。地震发生后的4个月,沿龙门山断裂带中南段开展了原地应力测量,获得了3个测点的应力大小和方向。在3个测孔中浅部采用压磁应力解除法,深部采用水压致裂法。浅部测量结果显示,位于震中区映秀测点,水平最大主应力值为4.3MPa,最大主应力方向为N19°E;宝兴测点位于震中区西南的龙门山断裂带南段,汶川地震没有导致该段地表破裂,该点获得的水平最大主应力值为9.8MPa,最大主应力方向为N51°W;位于龙门山断裂带最西南端的康定测点,水平最大主应力值为2.6MPa,最大主应力方向为N39°E。利用水压致裂法对各钻孔100～400m深度进行了应力测量,获得了应力随深度变化趋势和应力状态。与震前其它应力测量结果和中国其它地区表层地应力测量结果比较,龙门山断裂带西南段处于相对高应力水平,震中区仍处于中等应力水平。这项研究成果将为评价龙门山断裂带余震和今后强震发展趋势提供关键构造物理参数。 相似文献
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D. Denham L. G. Alexander I. B. Everingham P. J. Gregson R. McCaffrey J. R. Enever 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):507-521
The 1979 Cadoux earthquake (magnitude Ms ～ 6.0), which caused over $4 million damage in 1979, occurred in the Southwest Seismic Zone (SWSZ) of Western Australia and produced a shallow dipping thrust fault with an average strike close to north‐south. The fault length was approximately 15 km and the maximum displacement close to 1 m. The seismic moment is estimated to be 1.8 ±0.1 X 1018 Nm and the earthquake was, like the 1968 Meckering earthquake, caused by east‐west compressive stress in the crust. Aftershocks of the Cadoux earthquake are still continuing (1986) at the northern and southern ends of the area affected by the main earthquake; strain‐release data from the aftershocks indicate that significant strain energy is yet to be released in the region. Overcoring measurements in the SWSZ indicated high stress (up to 30 MPa) at shallow depths (～ 10 m). Near the epicentre of the Cadoux earthquake overcoring measurements revealed stress levels ranging from about 4 MPa, less than 1 km from the fault trace, to about 20 MPa at 15 km from the fault. This difference in stress at the two locations is much larger than the stress drop associated with the Cadoux earthquake (～ 1 MPa) obtained from seismological observations. However, the maximum compressive stress direction is consistent with the direction of the P‐axis obtained from the focal mechanism. Reliable hydro fracturing results, from a depth of 65 m, were similar to the stress directions and magnitudes obtained from overcoring measurements made at the same site. It appears that the crust in the SWSZ is under compressive stress and that earthquake activity releases this stress in small areas rather than along linear fault zones. Shallow earthquakes of similar magnitude could well take place in the SWSZ during the next 50 years. 相似文献
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Seong-Seung Kang Jun-Mo Kim Katsuhiko Kaneko Katsuhiko Sugawara Yuzo Obara 《Island Arc》2003,12(3):247-255
Abstract Stress measurement is performed to estimate the states of in situ rock stress at the Torigata open‐pit limestone mine in Japan using the compact conical‐ended borehole overcoring (CCBO) technique. A set of back and forward analyses are then carried out to evaluate the states of regional and local in situ rock stresses and the mine‐induced rock slope stability using a 3‐D finite element model. The maximum horizontal local in situ rock stress measured by the CCBO technique acts in the northeast–southwest direction. The horizontal regional tectonic stresses obtained by the back analysis are in good agreement with those of the horizontal local in situ rock stress measured by the CCBO technique. However, the horizontal regional tectonic stress is more compressive than the horizontal local in situ rock stress. This is because the horizontal regional stress due to gravity is not considered in the back‐analyzed horizontal regional tectonic stress, but it is included in the local in situ rock stress measured by the CCBO technique. The local stress obtained by the forward analysis, especially its horizontal components, is in good agreement with the horizontal local in situ rock stress measured by the CCBO technique, and the magnitude of the vertical normal stress increases more rapidly than those of the horizontal normal stresses with depth. As a result, the ratio of the horizontal normal stress to the vertical normal stress is largest at the nearest excavation level and decreases with depth. This means that the stress field within the mine‐induced rock slope is affected by the horizontal components of the local in situ rock stress. 相似文献
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Richard Giot Albert Giraud Francoise Homand 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2006,24(4):919-947
This paper deals with a new strategy for initial stress identification by stress relaxation methods, coupled with finite element
calculation, and applied to the overcoring test. The back-analysis of such a test uses an inversion method which consists
in the minimisation, with a gradient-based algorithm, of a cost functional of least-squares type, which quantizes the difference
between measured and computed strains. The computed strains are assessed by three-dimensional finite element modellings of
the overcoring test. The inversion methodology is applied to a recent in situ overcoring test performed at Mont Terri laboratory, Switzerland. The inversion gave good results and allows us to validate
the inversion methodology. The constitutive law considered for this application is transverse isotropic elasticity but the
inversion method developed is applicable to most constitutive laws and every kind of in situ test. 相似文献
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锦屏深部地下实验室初始地应力测量实践 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地应力条件是大型地下洞室稳定性分析与工程设计的必要信息之一,对于深部高应力地下工程的安全评价与灾害防治尤为重要。以埋深2 400 m的中国锦屏地下实验室为例,首先重点阐述了高应力下条件下应力解除法测量地应力的原理与方法,并提出了针对在高应力条件下使用36-2型钻孔变形计地应力测量的改进技术：（1）采用新式阶梯状钻头,分级逐步解除,减小岩芯根部应力集中区域的范围和应力大小;（2）使用大直径解除钻头来增加套孔空心圆柱状岩芯的厚度,即增大裂隙贯通整个岩芯的时间;（3）在测点附近钻取勘探孔以获知测点岩体完整性条件,对是否适合开展测试进行评估。在此基础上,通过现场岩体地应力测试获得每个测孔不同深度垂直钻孔轴线平面上的平面应力状态以及三孔交汇处的三维应力状态（3个主应力的大小和方向）,分析开挖扰动导致的围岩应力重分布规律与原始应力场分布。依据洞室围岩重分布应力特征与现场实际破坏的空间位置对应关系,结合现场破坏情况和工程区域地质条件,多角度验证了三维应力结果是可靠的,可为进一步的工程稳定性评价以及围岩支护设计提供依据。 相似文献
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