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长江三角洲晚更新世末期古土壤与古环境 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
长江三角洲地区第一暗绿色硬粘土层是上海地区主要建筑持力层之一，也是划分全新统与更新统的标志层，前人已做过大量研究，但尚缺乏古土壤方面的系统研究工作。本文首次从古土壤学的角度系统研究了该层的古土壤特征，通过粒度分析发现有粘粒的生成，微形态研究发现有粘粒及铁锰、碳酸盐等化学组分的迁移与淀积，化学全量分析得出该层的硅铝率为２．８０～３．３７，说明该层已发生较强的成土作用，可以确认该层为古土壤层，并进一步把该层划分为４个Ｂ层、３个Ａ层，亦即该层为复合古土壤层。根据该层的成土特征，将其命名为古潮土 相似文献
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Luigi Bruno Michela Marchi Ilaria Bertolini Guido Gottardi Alessandro Amorosi 《第四纪科学杂志》2020,35(4):559-571
Paleosols are recurrent features in alluvial successions and provide information about past sedimentary dynamics and climate change. Through sedimentological analysis on six sediment cores, the mud-dominated succession beneath the medieval ‘Two Towers’ of Bologna was investigated down to 100 m depth. A succession of weakly developed paleosols (Inceptisols) was identified. Four paleosols (P1, P2, P3 and PH) were radiocarbon-dated to 40–10 cal ka bp . Organic matter and CaCO3 determinations indicate low groundwater levels during soil development, which spanned periods < 5 ka. The development and burial of soils, which occurred synchronously in the Bologna region and in other sectors of the Po Plain, are interpreted to reflect climatic and eustatic variations. Climatic oscillations, at the scale of the Bond cycles, controlled soil development and burial during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 (P1 and P2). Rapid sea-level oscillations probably induced soil development at the MIS 3/2 transition (P3) and favored burial of PH after 10 ka bp . Weakly developed paleosols in alluvial successions can provide clues to millennial-scale climatic and environmental variations. In particular, the paleosol-bearing succession of the Po Plain represents an unprecedent record of environmental changes across the Late Pleistocene (MIS 3 and 2) in the Mediterranean region. 相似文献
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Paleoclimate reconstruction of continental environments has been hampered by the limited evidence. A thick sequence of Jurassic continental deposits in the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China yields abundant paleosols that may offer valuable insights regarding Jurassic climate scenarios. A succession of 169 paleosols belonging to Protosols, Calcisols, and Argillisols from 23 detailed stratigraphic sections was recognized and characterized macro- and micromorphologically and assessed for mineral and geochemical compositions. Quantitative paleoclimate reconstructions using bulk geochemical proxies, the depth to and the stable oxygen isotopic composition of paleosol carbonates indicated a predominant alternation of semiarid and arid cool/warm-temperate climatic conditions punctuated by several episodes of subhumid and humid climates that generally prevailed in the Sichuan Basin during the Jurassic. The estimated paleoatmospheric CO2 concentrations (pCO2) from calcic paleosols yielded a low range of ~104 ± 58 to ~610 ± 152 ppmv during the Middle Jurassic. The terrestrial paleotemperature changes in the Sichuan Basin coincided with the pCO2 variations, which probably resulted from global geological events (e.g., volcanic activities, magmatic and oceanic events, and the ephemeral caps development) in the Middle Jurassic. Jurassic climatic fluctuations in the basin were likely attributed to true polar wander due to global plate motion, megamonsoon effect linked to global and regional paleogeography, and regional paleotopography. 相似文献
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The retreat record of the Stabre Glacier into the Norra Storfjället mountains, after separation from the massive Tärnaån Glacier at some undetermined time in the Atlantic Chron, is documented by recessional moraines in the foreland. While poorly constrained by radiometric dating, the age of the middle group of moraines averages out to less than 4000 cal 14C yr BP, the older moraine group probably of Late Atlantic age, with the youngest deposits of Little Ice Age (LIA). Soils/paleosols range from Entisols (youngest) and Inceptisols (middle group) to mature Spodosols (outer group), existing either as single‐story profiles or within pedostratigraphic columns, buried pedons either surfaced with weathered glacial or mass wasted deposits. Some profiles exhibit convoluted properties which could place them in the Cryosolic order. The physico‐mineral‐chemical properties of soils/paleosols in recessional deposits across this sequence provide weathering indices over the mid to Late Holocene in the Swedish sub‐Arctic climate. It is likely the middle group of deposits represents stillstand of the retreating glacier offset by climatic deterioration with the onset of Early Neoglacial climate which altered the glacial mass balance, at least until termination of the LIA. Correlation to other alpine areas in the middle and tropical latitudes with similar records is attempted and discussed. While the Stabre Glacier disappeared after the LIA, the nearby Tärna Glacier remains extant on the land surface, a presumed result of slight elevation differences between the two cirques which affects storm tracks and resultant variations in glacial mass balances. 相似文献
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黄土形成过程的实质与环境 总被引：15，自引：5，他引：10
黄土地层的形成实质上是土壤化过程,不同特性的黄土层代表了不同的成壤作用。不同地区的黄土主要是草原、荒漠草原和森林划原地区发育的灰钙土、粟钙土、棕钙土、棕漠土和黑垆土。与红褐色古土壤相比,黄土是冷干气候条件下发育的灰黄色古土壤,黄土层能够作为冷干气候的指示。根据灰黄色古土壤与红色古土壤的交替,可将250万年来黄土区气候变化分为51个旋回亚旋回。 相似文献
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长江三角洲地区晚第四纪古土壤中的植物硅酸体及其古环境意义 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
长江三角洲地区晚第四纪古土壤层，即以前所谓的“暗绿色硬粘上层”过去被看作是“哑地层”，本文首次发现该层中含有丰富的植物硅酸体，且各种类型的硅酸体在地层中均有出现，并在剖面上有较大的变化。在定量统计分析的基础上，利用其组合特征，并进一步利用对应分析方法，探讨了本区晚第四纪古地理、古环境变迁历史，认为该层形成子一种弱草甸环境，且在其形成过程中有四次气候冷—暖变化。 相似文献
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古土壤蕴涵着古老时期的大气氧、二氧化碳以及生态植被的演化信息 ,利用有效的手段提取这些信息并据此推测古气候环境。在贵州省的遵义苟江、道真县、正安县等地发现了保存完好的石炭纪早期的古土壤剖面 ,为恢复该地质时期云贵高原的大气氧演化、二氧化碳浓度与生态植被提供了天然的现场条件。 相似文献