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1.
Bettina Reimann 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》1997,17(4):301-313
The constitutional decision to return to their original owners all real-estate property in East Germany that had either been expropriated or placed under state administration (the restitution principle) has had significant consequences for urban development and urban renewal. Experiences from East Berlin's innercity residential areas illustrate the effects on the state of repair of housing, the character of residential neighbourhoods, the tenants living in the areas affected, and the future structure of real-estate ownership. The case studies reveal a picture of a contradictory development of residential neighbourhoods, including shifting power relations and new polarizations, especially between tenants and landlords. 相似文献
2.
工业测量数据的可视化方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
简要介绍了测量获取离散点数据的一般手段，阐述了3维曲面重建的NURBS方法和空间Delauany三角剖分方法，简要说明了使用OpenGL进行3维开发的机制，并给出了3维空间交互和查询的实现步骤。为有效地发掘测量数据潜在的信息和规律提供了一条新的途径。 相似文献
3.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of particle saltation and movement over the beds of fixed roughness from flume experiments. A series of experiments are carried out to study the saltation of individual sand particles of different sizes over rough beds under different flow conditions. A 3‐D acoustic Doppler velocimeter is used to record the fluid velocity components; subsequently, under different flow conditions, the images of released sand particles are recorded using high‐speed video imaging technique. Systematic analysis is made with regard to the forces acting on the grains and the variation of their magnitudes along the saltation trajectories of the grains. Relations between the saltation parameters, flow intensity and bed roughness are developed. The distributions of the angle of orientations during a single saltation follows almost a Gaussian distribution. The shape of the Gaussian distribution depends on the particle size and bed roughness. Particle collisions with rough beds and the resulting coefficients of restitution are also discussed. A theoretical framework is developed to compute the mean particle velocity considering the spin in the energy balance equation. Results of the detailed analysis using the imaging technique are much better than in previously reported studies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
Karl Martin Born 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》1997,17(4):371-384
The unification of Germany has led to claims for the restitution of more than 2.47 million pieces of property confiscated under the auspices of either the Third Reich or the East German government. The legal and administrative taks of restitution is a huge challenge for the new Germany, with far-reaching implications for the country's social and economic fabric. This paper examines the nature and scale of restitution claims and how they are being settled across the five new German states (Bundesländer) and Berlin. It reveals a picture of considerable progress overall, but with substantial regional variations. 相似文献
5.
Local Economic Development is (LED) an activity of increasing importance in the developing world as globalisation produces new roles for local governments. As compared to a growing number of urban initiatives for LED, rural LED initiatives are relatively undeveloped. In this paper, the focus is upon South Africa, where the post‐apartheid government has sought to encourage both urban and rural LED initiatives. Programmes of land reform and restitution in South Africa result in the resettlement or return to the land of communities formerly dispossessed under apartheid. A critical element of planning for successful resettlement is the implementation of LED programmes. Schmidtsdrift in Northern Cape is examined as an example of participatory LED in a developing rural context. Rural LED in South Africa is distinguished by its focus upon poverty alleviation in the context of addressing the legacies of apartheid. 相似文献
6.
Robert Jankowski 《地震工程与结构动力学》2006,35(4):517-524
Earthquake‐induced structural pounding has been recently intensively studied with the help of different models of impact force. It has been verified through comparisons, that the non‐linear viscoelastic model may be considered somewhat the most accurate one among them. The aim of this short paper is to derive an approximating formula relating the impact damping ratio, as a parameter of the model mentioned, with a more widely used coefficient of restitution. The accuracy of the derived analytical formulation has been confirmed through the comparison with the results of numerical simulations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
Agriculture has always been very important for the Bulgarian economy, but during the socialist period there was considerable
progress made in the diversification of employment opportunities in rural areas. While many people commuted to non-agricultural
jobs in the townships (and there was a large permanent transfer from rural to urban areas), there were additional opportunities
in small factories and local services in the villages themselves. The transition has seen these opportunities much reduced,
at precisely the time when full-time paid work in agriculture has declined due to market restructuring while complex problems
have emerged associated with liquidating the state-run cooperatives and establishing a viable alternative. The paper discusses
the general issues and presents a case study from the north-central part of the country. The rebuilding of a cooperative farming
system (along with other forms of consolidation) is a positive trend which could increase spending power in the villages and
help in the growth of employment in rural industries and services.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
The transition in the Slovenian countryside is examined through a case study of Cirkovce, a local centre for the central southern
section of the Dravsko polje plain where natural and socio-geographical factors underpin a mixed rural-urban structure. Farming
is intensive, but a high percentage of people are now employed outside agriculture; a situation which is reflected clearly
in the appearance of the settlement. The process of rural depopulation, balanced by the growth of employment in industry and
services, is reflected in a secondary knot of settlement around Cirkovce's railway station. Agriculture is still very significant
but there needs to be some consolidation of landholding to create larger units suitable for market production and food processing.
But the village must also improve its range of functions and provide a better environment for the non-agricultural population
which will become increasing important for its future development.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
9.
On the basis of the results of hydropyrolysis simulations for about 90 different types of immature to mature source rocks
selected from about 5 000 marine source rocks in China, along with the natural thermal evolution profiles, the following conclusions
were obtained. (1) Total organic carbon (TOC) content of excellent marine source rocks does not change obviously when Ro < 0.8% or Ro > 1.3%, and the residual TOC content is decreasing gradually with the maturity increase at 0.8% < Ro < 1.3%. (2) At the high-post mature stage (Ro > 1.3%), the decreased maximums of residual TOC content for the kerogen of sapropel (I), II1, and II are usually 40%, 32% and 24%, respectively, and their TOC restitution coefficient is, respectively, 1.68, 1.48 and
1.32. (3) Both the TOC decreasing amplitude and the restitution coefficient decrease gradually with the decrease of TOC content
for the source rocks with low organic matter abundance (usually 0.3% < TOC < 1.0%). The TOC restitution coefficients are,
respectively, 1.20 and 1.0, when 0.3% < TOC < 0.5% and TOC < 0.3%. (4) TOCres of solid bitumen and shale with high organic matter abundance (TOC > 30%) also require no restitution at the high mature
stage. Such kind of TOC restitution is further supported by the coincidence of the decrease of residual TOC with the decreasing
of S1 + S2 and the increasing of hydrocarbon quantity during the experimental simulation of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion for
marine source rocks (0.3% < TOC < 30%) in natural thermal evolution profiles.
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Translated from Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2007, 32(6): 853–860 [译自: 地球科学—中国地质大学学报] 相似文献
10.
The evaluation of the dynamic behaviour of rocking elements is directly correlated to the energy dissipated because of the impacts at the base interface, which can be represented by means of a coefficient of restitution. This schematization is commonly accepted as representative of the out‐of‐plane response of stone masonry walls. An experimental campaign (in a lab environment) aiming at assessing the value of this coefficient for a sacco granite masonry wall is presented in this work. The rocking motion at a predefined bed joint level was induced in the tested specimens in order to validate a novel test setup designed to assess the coefficient of restitution value by means of a realistic reproduction of the rocking behaviour of a single element, under the hypothesis of an infinitely stiff system above the bed joint level. As the main objective of the work was to assess the rocking behaviour of a masonry wall that looses energy at the impacts at a certain joint level, the flexural behaviour was not desirable and had to be avoided. For this purpose, a test setup based on the equivalent block approach was developed. In the final section of this work, comparisons between experimental and numerical results are presented together with some preliminary conclusions on the appropriate modelling strategy and the values of the coefficient of restitution to be used for the seismic assessment of the out‐of‐plane rocking behaviour of this type of sacco stone masonry walls. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献