Size and shape evolution of pores in a viscoplastic matrix under compression     

M. Berli  M. L. Accorsi  D. Or 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2006,30(12):1259-1281

The frequent use of soils and earth materials for hydraulic capping and for geo‐environmental waste containment motivated our interest in detailed modelling of changes in size and shape of macro‐pores to establish links between soil mechanical behaviour and concurrent changes in hydraulic and transport properties. The objective of this study was to use finite element analysis (FEA) to test and extend previous analytical solutions proposed by the authors describing deformation of a single macro‐pore embedded in linear viscoplastic soil material subjected to anisotropic remote stress. The FEA enables to consider more complex pore geometries and provides a detailed picture of matrix yield behaviour to explain shortcomings of approximate analytical solutions. Finite element and analytical calculations agreed very well for linear viscous as well as for viscoplastic materials, only limited for the case of isotropic remote stress due to the simplifications of the analytical model related to patterns and onset of matrix‐yielding behaviour. FEA calculations were compared with experimental data obtained from a compaction experiment in which pore deformation within a uniform modelling clay sample was monitored using CAT scanning. FEA predictions based on independently measured material properties and initial pore geometry provided an excellent match with experimentally determined evolution of pore size and shape hence lending credence to the potential use of FEA for more complex pore geometries and eventually connect macro‐pore deformation with hydraulic properties. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

胜利油气区有机包裹体研究及其在油气勘探中的应用     

李荣西  金奎励  廖永胜 《地球科学与环境学报》1997,(4)

应用显微光度术、显微傅立叶红外光谱（Ｍｉｃｒｏ－ＦＴ．ＩＲ）和飞行时间二次离子质谱（ＴＯＦ－ＳＩＭＳ）等原位微分析技术并结合均一温度测量对胜利油气区下第三系沙河街组沙三段中有机包裹体进行了研究。区分出两类有机包裹体，即原生有机包裹体和次生有机包裹体。结果表明两类有机包裹体特征不同，二者物质组成、有机质成分及化学结构、热演化程度等差别也较大。结合地质分析表明原生有机包裹体是沙三段烃源岩生成烃类运移产物，具“自生自储”特点，而次生有机包裹体是沙四段烃源岩生成的烃类二次运移的产物。沙三段是沙河街组油气运移和聚集的主要层位，因而是寻找油气资源的主要目标层。研究表明，有机包裹体是研究油气生成、运移、聚集和演化等成藏系统最有效的手段之一，在油气勘探中有重要的应用意义。  相似文献   

Monitoring fish movement patterns in a reservoir using horizontally scanning split-beam techniques     

Steig  Tracey W.; Johnston  Samuel V. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1996,53(2):435-441

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Application of Atomic Force Microscopy to Observation of Marine Bacteria   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Tomohiko Nishino  Eiko Ikemoto  Kazuhiro Kogure 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(2):219-225

The atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a recently developed, bench-top instrument that can image the surface structures of biological specimens at high resolution with simultaneous measurement of their size. This paper describes the application of AFM to marine bacteria. Both natural and cultured bacteria were retained on a filter or placed on glass, washed, air-dried and observed by AFM. The instrumental condition, the choice of suitable filter, effect of fixation and filtration, comparison with epifluorescent microscopic (EFM) count, and the size and shape of bacterial cells were investigated. An Isopore filter was best for concentration and subsequent observation because of its surface flatness. Cross section images showed that both rod and coccoid cells were flattened, the former usually having a two-humped shape. Bacterial cells were differentiated from non-living particles based on their cross section shape and size. Bacterial counts by AFM and EFM showed good agreement. Although size measurement is easily done by the instrument, AFM tends to overestimate the size of microspheres. More work is thus needed on the size measurement of living organisms. Because AFM easily provides images of natural bacterial cells at high magnification, it can be used as a new tool to study the fine structures of marine bacteria. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

激光扫描共聚焦显微镜在海洋动物发育生物学上的应用     

沈丽萍  朱冬发 《海洋湖沼通报》2007,(Z1)

激光扫描共聚焦显微镜具有成像清晰、获得三维图像、进行多标记观察等优势。本文扼要介绍了激光扫描共聚焦显微镜的原理和特点,着重阐述了激光扫描共聚焦显微镜在海洋动物配子发生;受精过程中细胞内Ca~(2 )变化、肌动蛋白转移和蛋白激酶变化;胚胎和幼体发育的三维成像等研究领域中的应用。并对LSCM在DNA含量、RNA含量等领域的定量、定性前景进行展望。  相似文献   

虾夷扇贝人工诱导雌核发育精子遗传失活及紫外线照射对精子形态结构影响的研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

潘英  李琪  于瑞海  王如才  郑志芳 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(6):949-954

在1698μWcm-2s^-1的紫外线照射强度下，虾夷扇贝雌核单倍体的最佳诱导时间为60s。从早期胚胎存活率可以观察到Hertwig效应的存在。随着照射时间增加，受精率明显下降，而受精卵在到达D形幼虫期之前便停止发育。扫描电镜显示，随着紫外线照射强度的增加。精子顶体和鞭毛结构趋向于受到更大程度的破坏，直到完全失去顶体和鞭毛。并指出这可能是造成受精率降低的主要原因。  相似文献   

一类全局最优化问题的动态隧道方法     

李博  曹圣山 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,33(1):160-164

研究了连续变量函数的全局最优化问题 ,给出了动态隧道方法。该动态隧道方法由局部搜索和动态隧道 2个阶段构成。在局部搜索阶段用了动态系统方法。对全局最优化问题的实例进行了数值实验 ,数值结果表明了该方法的稳健性和有效性。  相似文献   

不同激光扫描数据组拼接的一种新方法   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘念  闫春斌  马文涛  李宏建  陈召军 《测绘科学》2008,33(4)

激光扫描测量技术在三维城市建模领域的应用具有良好的发展前景。但是,不同精度的扫描数据组的拼接是目前需要解决的主要问题之一,本文对不同精度的数据组的拼接进行了实验性研究,并提出了一种新方法。  相似文献   

一种提高教育版VirtuoZoNT的影像处理能力的方法     

武振枝  韦春桃 《测绘科学》2008,(Z1)

现有的教育版数字摄影测量软件VirtuoZoNT3.6仅能处理扫描孔径大于0.1mm的影像,针对这一瓶颈问题,本文从数字影像的内定向公式入手,分析得到了影像扫描孔径与框标理论坐标之间的关系。通过修改参数文件可使教育版VirtuoZoNT具备处理扫描孔径小于0.1mm影像的能力,同时通过转换数据格式可使其处理其他不同类型的影像数据。  相似文献   

激光扫描点云图像背景交互式滤除     

李永强  盛业华  刘会云  戴华阳 《测绘科学》2008,33(1):130-131,134

激光扫描系统获取的数据中包含了大量背景信息,给信息提取和表面重建工作带来严重影响,需要有效滤除。依据空间点与平面的位置关系,提出了针对车载激光扫描点云图像背景信息滤除的有效方法,并以OpenGL为工具,开发了一系列点云数据处理工具,能快速、直观、准确地滤除无用背景信息,完整地保留有用的前景信息,从而为大规模三维场景快速重建提供保障。  相似文献