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危岩是三峡库区主要地质灾害之一,现呈现出多发、频发的趋势。危岩的分类为坠落式、倾倒式和滑塌式。危岩的综合治理措施有清除、支撑、锚固、拦截、封填、灌浆、排水、防护网等。控爆技术,包括洞室控爆技术、深孔控爆技术、光面爆破、预裂爆破、浅眼循环控爆技术等,以及无声破碎和防护网,均适用于危岩排险工程。危岩的爆破不同于一般的工程爆破,针对不同的危岩类型采用不同的控爆技术和综合应用措施,可以充分保护母岩,稳定岩体,达到应急排险的目的。 相似文献
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Chiaki Igarashi Naotatsu Shikazono Haruhiro Otani 《中国地球化学学报》2007,26(1):35-45
The major element composition of sound-producing sand is reported together with rare-earth elements (REE) and other selected elements for the first time. Rare-earth element concentrations in beach sands from Miyagi and Tottori in Japan were determined by induction-coupled, argon-plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS) to characterize the REE of sound-producing and silent sands relative to the parental rocks. Sound-producing sand beaches are very common and all over in Japan: five beaches in Miyagi and 2 in Tottori are selected with other silent sand beaches in the areas. Both sound-producing sand and silent sand samples from Miyagi and Tottori contain more than 60wt% of SiO2 and are composed mainly of quartz and feldspar. Miyagi sand samples are characterized by light REE enrichment and flat chondrite-normalized patterns that are similar to those of local source sandstone. However, all sand samples from Miyatojima in Miyagi show positive Eu anomalies, a characteristic feature not shown in other sand samples from Miyagi. Tottori sand samples also are characterized by high REE contents and remarkable positive Eu anomalies. The sands containing lower REE contents are due to high quartz and feldspar contents. Miyatojima sand samples and Tottori sand samples have high REE contents and show remarkable positive Eu anomalies due to the presence of feldspar. The best results are obtained using all of the geological methods and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a measure of the similarity between sound-producing sand and silent sand. The difference between sound-producing sand and silent sand is obtained from the PCA results. 相似文献
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