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中国南方更新世红土是古气候环境变化研究非常重要的载体之一,红土微生物类脂分子是其古气候环境研究的有效指标,但其在红土中的古气候意义需要更进一步的挖掘和明确.选取处于气候变化敏感地带并且已有很好年代学基础的安徽宣城红土剖面进行详细的野外调查和系统的样品采集,利用改善后的碱式水解法提取红土微生物类脂分子,通过对比分析、比较印证等方法对其中的甘油二烷基链甘油四醚(glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers,简称GDGTs)进行系统研究.宣城剖面GDGTs分布特征显示:剖面下部各指标呈旋回性变化、而上部相对稳定,表明形成初期环境比较动荡,而后期成土环境相对稳定;土壤pH为7.0~8.0,推测其物源主要来源于北方干旱区或长江中下游干涸河滩沉积;BIT指标反映宣城地区在130 ka BP左右气候极为干旱.结果表明,红土中微生物类脂物GDGTs能够定量、高分辨率地重建安徽宣城的古气候环境,具有重要的研究意义. 相似文献
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A number of cold seeps have been discovered in the northern South China Sea (SCS) including the Haiyang 4 cold-seep area where Core 973-5 was collected. Intact polar lipids (IPLs) and core lipids (CLs) were analyzed separately in sediments from Core 973-5. The most abundant lipid biomarkers were isoprenoidal GDGTs (isoGDGTs), with Crenarchaeol and GDGT-0 predominating. IPL-isoGDGTs and CL-isoGDGTs were mainly derived from Thaumarchaeota. IPL-isoGDGTs were mainly produced and retained in situ thus containing most of the in situ microbiological information. Branched GDGTs were predominantly derived from generated in marine production, and mixed with some terrestrial inputs. All IPLs groups presented a high value in the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ). Furthermore, IPL and CL-MI, IPL-R0/4 showed the highest values within the SMTZ, while IPL and CL-R4/i had the lowest values at the SMTZ, suggesting that the contribution of Methanophila and methanogenic to GDGTs increased, while the contribution of ammonia-oxidizing Archaea to GDGTs decreased at the SMTZ. 相似文献
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西菲律宾海作为西太平洋暖池的一部分,重建其在地质历史时期的热力学变化、陆源输入变化,对于理解西太平洋暖池在全球地质时间尺度上的作用具有重要意义.利用古菌与细菌的细胞膜质甘油二烷基甘油四醚(glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers,GDGTs)对西菲律宾海XT-47孔沉积物的陆源输入及其... 相似文献
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通过分析罗斯海15个表层沉积物中甘油双烷基甘油四醚(Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers,GDGTs)的含量与分布,探讨了各种GDGTs来源及TEX86指标的环境意义。结果表明:表层沉积物中GDGTs总含量为93.67~2 663.37 ng/g,其中类异戊二烯GDGTs(IsoGDGTs)占90.33%~98.56%,远高于支链GDGTs(BrGDGTs)。类异戊二烯GDGTs与支链GDGTs具有显著的耦合关系(R2=0.88,p<0.01)。沉积物中的IsoGDGTs主要来源于海洋奇古菌,BrGDGTs主要由海洋水体和沉积物中原位细菌所产生。应用TEXL86公式估算研究区SST,与WOA夏季表层温度呈现较好的线性关系,表明TEXL86指标在罗斯海具有适用性,可作为重建古海洋温度的替代指标。 相似文献
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Branched and isoprenoidal glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) membrane lipids have been widely used to reconstruct past climate and environmental change. They are not, however, widely applied to peat deposits and the controls on their distributions in peats remain unclear. Here, we present a high resolution record of branched and isoprenoid GDGT concentrations and distributions from a peat core from the Tibetan Plateau that spans the last 13 kyr, a period characterised by distinct dry and wet periods in the region. The lowest concentrations of total branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) occurred during a presumably dry interval in the mid-Holocene, suggesting that brGDGTs-producing bacteria are less productive under such conditions, perhaps reflecting their putative anaerobic ecology. The mean annual air temperature (MAT) estimates derived from the methylation index of brGDGTs and cyclisation ratio of brGDGTs (MBT′/CBT) are higher than present mean annual temperature in the region and closer to summer temperatures, perhaps due to seasonal production of brGDGTs. The downcore distributions of isoprenoidal and branched GDGTs are dominated by GDGT-0 and brGDGT II, respectively. The high fractional abundances of GDGT-0 in warm and especially wet intervals suggest that these conditions are favourable for some groups of methanogenic archaea. The mid-Holocene dry interval is associated with an increase in the fractional and absolute abundance of crenarchaeol, which could be indicative of enhanced ammonia-oxidising archaeal-mediated nitrogen cycling under these conditions. Taken together, variations of GDGT concentrations in peats appear to document the response of microbial processes to climate change and variations in the biogeochemical environment. 相似文献
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利用中国南极考察获取的沉积物样品,对普里兹湾10个表层沉积物中GDGTs的含量与分布进行分析。结果表明:普里兹湾内GDGTs含量为27.69~900.78 ng/g,其中类异戊二烯GDGTs占比94%~99%,远高于支链GDGTs。类异戊二烯GDGTs与支链GDGTs都呈现东南高、西北低的分布趋势,且与沉积物中有机碳含量显著正相关(R>0.95)。沉积物中类异戊二烯GDGTs来源于水生古菌,而支链GDGTs主要来源于沉积物中的细菌。根据GDGTs不同异构体含量计算得到的指标TEX86和TEXL86都与普里兹湾1月表层海水温度呈现良好的相关性。这表明TEX86和TEXL86指标在普里兹湾海域具有适用性,可以作为重建古海温的替代指标。 相似文献
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A series of molecular organic markers were determined in surface sediments from the Gulf of Genoa (Ligurian Sea) in order to evaluate their potential for palaeo-environmental reconstructions. Allochthonous input can be characterized by the distributions of n-C29 and n-C31 alkanes, n-C26 and n-C28 alkanols and branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs), whose concentrations are generally highest near the river mouths. In the open basin however, terrestrial n-alkanes and n-alkanols may have an additional, eolian source. Autochthonous input is represented by crenarchaeol and isoprenoid GDGTs. Their concentrations are highest in the open basin showing the preference of Thaumarchaeota for oligotrophic waters. Indications of a significant degradation of sterols and C37 alkenones exclude these lipids as reliable productivity proxies. Using terrestrial and aquatic lipids as end-members allows estimating the percentage of terrestrial organic matter between 20% and 58% in the coastal area decreasing to 1–30% in the deep basin. The spatial distribution of sea surface temperature (SST) estimates using the alkenone-based UK′37 index is very similar to the autumnal (November) mean satellite-based SST distribution. Conversely, TEXH86-derived SST estimates are close to winter SSTs in the coastal area and summer SSTs in the open basin. This pattern reflects presumably a shift in the main production of Thaumarchaeota from the coastal area in winter to the open basin in summer. This study represents a major prerequisite for the future application of lipid biomarkers on sediment cores from the Gulf of Genoa. 相似文献
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目前,甘油二烷基甘油四醚(GDGTs)组成和分布特征已被成功应用于古气候古环境重建中。然而,越来越多的研究表明除温度和pH值外,GDGTs也受其他环境因素影响,这导致了在同一地区运用多种温度和pH校准公式得到的结果差异较大,特别是在干旱地区尤为显著。因此,有必要开展现代过程GDGTs分布及其影响因素的调查,以提高温度和pH校准公式的适用性。为此,我们以北方察汗淖尔湖泊为中心,分析流域内24个湖泊沉积物和土壤GDGTs组成和分布。结果显示,所有样品GDGTs分布模式相似,其中古菌类异戊二烯GDGTs(简称isoGDGTs)以crenarchaeol为主,GDGT-0次之,crenarchaeol’含量较低,指示GroupⅠ.1b型奇古菌输入较多;细菌支链GDGTs(简称brGDGTs)中五甲基化brGDGTs丰度最高,其次是六甲基化和四甲基化brGDGTs。群落指数(community index,CI)表明,产brGDGTs的细菌群落属于冷簇,且冗余分析显示pH值对brGDGTs分布影响显著,二者可能共同导致了应用多种校准公式计算结果与器测记录之间的差异。通过该项工作我们认为在利用GD... 相似文献
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甘油二烷基甘油四醚(glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers,GDGTs)作为一种重要的膜脂化合物,广泛存在于海洋水体和沉积物中。基于GDGTs对温度的敏感性, TEX86(Tetra Etherinde Xoftetraethers consisting of 86 carbons)指标被广泛用于海洋古温度重建。然而,研究表明GDGTs母源生物古菌也会受到环境中溶解氧(DO)变化的影响,进而影响其膜脂组成,但边缘海DO对GDGTs组成的影响仍不清楚。本文研究了夏季长江口及其邻近海域颗粒物与表层沉积物中GDGTs的含量与组成,探讨了表层沉积物中GDGTs的来源及其组成对底层DO的响应。结果表明,长江口及其邻近海域颗粒物GDGTs的含量随水深的增加而增加,同时表层沉积物中的GDGT-2/GDGT-3和GDGT-0/Cren比值均与底层颗粒物相近,表明沉积物中GDGTs主要来源于底层颗粒物的沉降输入。进一步对受陆源有机质输入影响较小的站位研究发现有机质来源BIT(Branched and Isoprenoid Tetractter)指... 相似文献