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张德二 《气候变化研究进展》2005,1(2):58-64
由中国西北地区的现代气候状况和古气候记录来回溯过去时期的气候变化,并依据历史文献记载论述过去时期农业开发活动的规模、效益与温度、湿度背景之关联。文中指出：西汉和唐前期气候适宜,河西地区大规模农田开垦成功;唐后期和明朝中叶的气候转寒导致河西屯垦凋敝;公元初塔里木盆地的繁荣和后来的衰落与水资源变化有关。历史上的垦后抛荒行为加速了土地的沙化进程,乌兰布和沙漠的形成和较温暖的13世纪降尘事件频繁发生即为此类不良后果的两个典型例子。 相似文献
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蒲虹公路是地震灾区的一条灾后新建公路。公路外边坡堆放有大量的弃土,在强降雨的作用下易转化为泥石流。此类现象受到研究者的关注。本文通过对弃土场的分布、组成及成灾特征的研究,提出了科学合理的处理方法。弃土泥石流形成模式包括:(1)沟道内弃土场在沟道洪水侵蚀作用下产生泥石流或土体溜滑形成泥石流;(2)坡面上弃土场滑动,表面液化形成局部坡面泥石流;(3)沟道两侧弃土场的基脚被侵蚀,形成滑坡堵河后溃决形成泥石流。弃土泥石流的成灾特征主要为弃土泥石流翻越挡墙或摧毁挡墙,堵塞涵洞或排水口,淤埋公路,威胁居民点等,它的处置需要特别注意排水,并平整压实,恢复生态。 相似文献
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Filippa Säwe 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(5):507-520
Ecological, economic, and social sustainability has been prioritized by the European Union in its proposal for a reformed Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), but it is recognized that there is a lack of knowledge concerning the objectives of these three aspects. Addressing the issue of how these objectives are given meaning as policy is being articulated, two Swedish seminars where fisheries’ stakeholders discuss the proposal for a reformed CFP are analyzed. The analysis shows how fish become defined as a specific kind of resource and how their status as a resource is framed as a moral issue. Once morally charged the resource is subjected to valorization through economic modeling. As a result, the potential for sustainability in fisheries becomes conditional upon the creation of new markets. 相似文献
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