Effect of strong winds on the nutritional condition of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L.) larvae in the Bay of Biscay, Northeast Atlantic, as inferred from an early field application of the DNA/C index     

Bergeron  Jean-Pierre 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2000,57(2):249-255

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海洋硬骨鱼类卵黄囊期生物能学研究     

张传骞  朱鑫华 《海洋科学集刊》2002,(44):180-186

卵黄囊期是鱼类早期发育中的一个重要阶段，是鱼类由内源营养向外源营养转化的一个关键时期。在此期间，游离氨基酸、蛋白质、脂肪酸、总脂和碳水化合物等基本生化成份的变化表现出一定的规律性，并具有种的特异性。从能量学的角度来分析，则表现为主要能源物质在发育过程中有规律的变化，各能量物质是按一定顺序被利用的。 鱼卵是一个高度特化的自组织系统，它在发育过程中，用于细胞活动的物质基础主要是卵黄。在卵黄期，卵细胞的代谢过程可描述为依生化成份变化的生化代谢过程和依能量转移和释放的能量代谢过程。从受精到卵黄囊消耗完全的卵黄囊期，以开口摄食为标志分为前后两个阶段，开口之前为全部利用自身营养的内源营养阶段，开口之后为利用自身营养和外源营养相结合的混合营养阶段。探素卵黄囊期海洋硬骨鱼类的能量转化规律，定量分析发育过程中生化成分和能量物质的变化，预测维持仔稚鱼生命活动和提供生长所必需的合适饵料营养成分，已成为鱼类早期发育生物学研究的热点课题。  相似文献   

Land Resource Carrying Capacity in Xilin Gol Grassland Transects: A Perspective on Food Nutritional Demand     

YANG Wanni  ZHEN Lin  LUO Qi 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2019,10(6):614-620

Food safety is an important issue for the development of the national economy and society. Studying regional food supply and demand from the perspective of land resource carrying capacity can provide new references for regional resource sustainability. This study uses the data from farmer and herdsmen household questionnaires, statistical data, land use data, and other sources to construct a land resource carrying capacity (LCC) assessment framework, targeting the food supply and demand of residents in representative areas, specifically the typical grassland pastoral areas, sandy pastoral areas and agro-pastoral areas on the Xilin Gol grassland transects. The three food nutritional indicators of calories, protein and fat were selected for analyzing the balance of land resource carrying capacity. We found that: 1) Along the Xilin Gol grassland, the main local food supply showed a shift from meat and milk to grains, vegetables and fruits. 2) From north to south along the grassland transects, the calorie intake increased gradually, while the intake of protein and fat was highest in pastoral areas and lowest in agricultural areas. 3) The overall land resource carrying capacity of the Xilin Gol grassland transects was in a surplus state, but the land carrying capacity of typical grassland pastoral area was higher than the two other types of areas. This study provides an empirical reference for the sustainable development of regional food nutrition.  相似文献   

枇杷的不同器官中元素地球化学特征     

王徽  范辉  张勤 《物探与化探》2006,30(4):354-356,360

枇杷是药用价值很高的一种经济水果。研究不同母岩类型产区的枇杷中元素的地球化学特征,发现同一品种枇杷中元素的富集部位各不相同;而不同品种的枇杷所富集的元素种类大致相同,只是富集程度有差异。有益、营养元素在叶片中的含量大多高于其他部位;有害元素不超标。与枇杷果关系较为密切的营养元素主要为N、P、K、Ca、Mg;微量营养元素为B、Zn、Cu。  相似文献   

不同生长环境褐牙鲆的外观性状与肌肉营养成分的比较分析     

赵侠  关长涛  董登攀  崔勇  李娇  高天翔 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(8):41-47

讨论了网箱养殖、工厂化养殖和野生褐牙鲆的外观差异,对比分析了不同生长环境下褐牙鲆的肌肉营养成分和营养学价值。结果显示:网箱养殖的褐牙鲆体形、体色更接近野生褐牙鲆,即有眼侧呈深褐色,无眼侧呈白色;工厂化养殖褐牙鲆有眼侧体色较暗,无眼侧有黑斑。网箱养殖褐牙鲆脂肪含量(2.5%)远低于工厂化养殖的褐牙鲆(4.2%),而接近于野生的褐牙鲆(1.4%);网箱养殖褐牙鲆水分含量比工厂化养殖的高,也更接近野生的褐牙鲆。3种生长环境的褐牙鲆,氨基酸组成是一致的,而且各项比值也都符合FAO/WHO的标准。对比分析必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)和EPA+DPA、SFA、MUFA、PUFA等指标,网箱养殖褐牙鲆均要高于工厂化养殖褐牙鲆,接近而又优于野生的褐牙鲆。在矿物质含量方面,3种生长环境下的褐牙鲆差异不明显。综合各项指标分析,在褐牙鲆的3种生长环境中,网箱养殖的褐牙鲆要优于工厂化养殖的褐牙鲆,而更接近于野生的褐牙鲆。  相似文献   

Influence of dietary n-3 LC-PUFA on growth,nutritional composition and immune function in marine fish Sebastiscus marmoratus     

彭士明  岳彦峰  高权新  施兆鸿  尹飞  王建钢 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(5):1000-1008

A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 LC-PUFA) on growth, nutritional composition and immune function of marine fish Sebastiscus marmoratus. Five diets containing 3.6, 10.2, 18.2, 26.5, or 37.0 g/kg n-3 LC-PUFA were prepared. The results reveal significant influences of dietary n-3 LC-PUFA on the final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and condition factor. As dietary n-3 LCPUFA increased, weight gain and specific growth rate increased and were significantly higher in groups fed 18.2, 26.5 and 37.0 g/kg than in groups fed 3.6 and 10.2 g/kg( P 0.05); there was no significant difference between groups fed 18.2, 26.5, or 37.0 g/kg( P 0.05). With increasing dietary n-3 LC-PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexenoic acid content in muscle and liver increased significantly, immunoglobulin class M content gradually increased from 9.1 to 14.8 μg/L, and lysozyme activity content increased from 1355 to 2268 U/mL. Broken line model analysis according to weight gain indicated that a dietary n-3 LC-PUFA level of 18.2 g/kg is essential for normal growth at a fat level of 125 g/kg. Therefore, appropriate dietary n-3 LC-PUFA not only promote growth and improve the n-3 LC-PUFA content, but also enhance immune function in S. marmoratus.  相似文献   

Interannual variability in the biochemical composition of newly hatched larvae of the spider crab Maja brachydactyla (Decapoda,Majidae)     

Guiomar Rotllant  Carles G. Simeó  Guillermo Guerao  Marta Sastre  Daniel F. R. Cleary  Ricardo Calado  Alicia Estévez 《Marine Ecology》2014,35(3):298-307

The spider crab Maja brachydactyla is an important commercial species in Europe and supports intensive fisheries in the NE Atlantic. A field survey was performed to assess long‐term and consecutive interannual (2005–2010) variation of the biochemical composition of newly hatched larvae of M. brachydactyla. Larval biochemical profiles differed significantly among years, with pronounced differences being recorded in 2010. Differences among batches of newly hatched larvae were mainly explained by the contribution of triacylglycerols and, to a lesser degree, by protein and lipid content. The use of different nutrition indices is discussed. The biochemical composition of newly hatched larvae from M. brachydactyla was highly variable, even though surveyed broodstock was obtained from the same local population and was always sampled during the same season. The unpredictable biochemical profiles of newly hatched larvae may condition their survival and recruitment. This largely overlooked aspect of larval variability should be considered in future fisheries management strategies and captive production of marine organisms that still rely on wild seeds.  相似文献   

广东江门水稻品质与地质地球化学关系研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

朱鑫 《江苏地质》2014,38(2):302-308

重点开展了江门水稻种植区的生态地球化学调查。系统采集了全区表层土壤、稻谷及配套根系土样品,实测了营养、有益元素以及大米营养品质含量。通过开展生态地球化学评价,查明了影响水稻品质的主要地质地球化学因素,建立了特色农产品地质地球化学模型,开展了农产品适宜性评价和区划。  相似文献   

The Geography of Malnutrition     

Ty Beal  Daniel Ervin 《The Professional geographer》2018,70(1):47-59

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of an emerging theme within the subfield of nutritional geography we call the geography of malnutrition. Work relating to malnutrition is a high-priority research topic, with growing relevance to geographical concepts, but there is no overview of geographical approaches to this theme. Using keyword searches in Google Scholar and Web of Science to obtain relevant publications, we identified the major foci of work within this theme: undernutrition, diseases that cause malnutrition, the nutrition transition, and critical and feminist approaches to malnutrition. We review these foci, provide examples of prominent work, and identify areas of research concerning malnutrition that are highly spatial but have yet to be effectively studied using geographic techniques.  相似文献   

2006-2015年内蒙古呼伦湖富营养化趋势及分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

梁丽娥  李畅游  史小红  赵胜男  田野  张立杰 《湖泊科学》2016,28(6):1265-1273

以内蒙古呼伦湖为研究对象,20062015年水质数据为基础,分析呼伦湖的富营养化变化趋势及其影响因素.结果表明,20062015年呼伦湖各水质指标都有不同程度的变幅,其中盐度变化范围为0.75~1.71 ng/L,均值为1.32 ng/L,2010年达到峰值1.71 ng/L,随后呈现逐年递减趋势;pH的变化范围为8.78~9.40,水体偏碱性;透明度的变化范围为0.17~0.26 m,近三年来透明度持续下降;溶解氧浓度变化范围为4.05~10.62 mg/L,均值为7.12 mg/L.总氮浓度的变化范围为1.16~3.53 mg/L,总磷浓度的变化范围为0.13~0.25 mg/L,叶绿素a浓度的变化范围为3.31~10.36 mg/m³,N/P比变化范围为4.92~15.35,水质已经达到地表水环境质量Ⅳ~Ⅴ类水体标准,是磷限制性湖泊.利用综合营养状态指数法对呼伦湖水体富营养化进行评价,2006-2015年呼伦湖水体表现出中度—重度—中度—轻度的变化趋势.通过分析呼伦湖富营养化的影响因素,结果表明,影响呼伦湖富营养化的可能因素为外源输入和入湖径流量,同时水深和水温也是呼伦湖发生富营养化的驱动因素,pH、透明度和溶解氧是呼伦湖富营养化影响水质的最主要表现指标.  相似文献