依据剖面资料求解断层的水平位移     

安晓文  李世成  周瑞琦  俞维贤  陈宇军 《地震研究》2002,25(4):369-373

提出依据开挖剖面中的楔形体在受到断层作用时其厚度的变化量求解断层水平位移的方法。分析表明断层水平位移量S与楔形体在断层两侧厚度变化量Δh满足关系式S＝Δh/ρsinβ。式中ρ为楔形体在断层走向上的尖灭系数，β为断层的倾角，该关系式不仅能满足纯走滑运动的断层，而且也满足一般斜滑断层，同时提出了在剖面上判断断层水平运动性质的方法。  相似文献   

3-D structural reconstruction of Moho in the Tangshan earthquake area by using inversion of curved interface     

赖晓玲  张先康  郑需要 《地震学报(英文版)》1997,10(5):625-637

３ＤｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｒｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＭｏｈｏｉｎｔｈｅＴａｎｇｓｈａｎｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅａｒｅａｂｙｕｓｉｎｇｉｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎｏｆｃｕｒｖｅｄｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅＸＩＡＯＬＩＮＧＬＡＩ（赖晓玲）ＸＩＡＮＫＡＮＧＺＨＡＮＧ...  相似文献   

An analytical study on three‐dimensional versus two‐dimensional water table‐induced flow patterns in a Tóthian basin          下载免费PDF全文

Jun‐Zhi Wang  Xiao‐Wei Jiang  Zhi‐Yuan Zhang  Li Wan  Xu‐Sheng Wang  Hailong Li 《水文研究》2017,31(22):4006-4018

Although it has been increasingly acknowledged that groundwater flow pattern is complicated in the three‐dimensional (3‐D) domain, two‐dimensional (2‐D) water table‐induced flow models are still widely used to delineate basin‐scale groundwater circulation. However, the validity of 2‐D cross‐sectional flow field induced by water table has been seldom examined. Here, we derive the analytical solution of 3‐D water table‐induced hydraulic head in a Tóthian basin and then examine the validity of 2‐D cross‐sectional models by comparing the flow fields of selected cross sections calculated by the 2‐D cross‐sectional model with those by the 3‐D model, which represents the “true” cases. For cross sections in the recharge or discharge area of the 3‐D basin, even if head difference is not significant, the 2‐D cross‐sectional models result in flow patterns absolutely different from the true ones. For the cross section following the principal direction of groundwater flow, although 2‐D cross‐sectional models would overestimate the penetrating depth of local flow systems and underestimate the recharge/discharge flux, the flow pattern from the cross‐sectional model is similar to the true one and could be close enough to the true one by adjusting the decay exponent and anisotropy ratio of permeability. Consequently, to determine whether a 2‐D cross‐sectional model is applicable, a comparison of hydraulic head difference between 2‐D and 3‐D solutions is not enough. Instead, the similarity of flow pattern should be considered to determine whether a cross‐sectional model is applicable. This study improves understanding of groundwater flow induced by more natural water table undulations in the 3‐D domain and the limitations of 2‐D models accounting for cross‐sectional water table undulation only.  相似文献   

New imaging method for seismic reflection wave and its theoretical basis     

HUANG Guangyuan 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2001,44(2):159-165

Some new imaging formulas for seismic reflection wave and their theoretical basis are given. Phenomena of wave propagation should be characterized by instantaneous spectrum and expressed by complex function of three variables (time, space and frequency) in mathematics. Various physical parameters of medium are also complex functions of two variables (space and frequency). The relationship between reflection coefficient of medium and spectrum of reflected wave is given. Multi-reflection and filter of formations are considered in inversion formulas. Problems in classical convolution model and wave equation are illustrated. All these inversion formulas can be used to image underground medium by wavelet transform and method of “3-basic colors”. Different colors mean different media.  相似文献   

一等水准点之记标准化与规范化研究     

张占阳;高艳龙 《东北测绘》2013,(4):34-36

为保证一等水准点之记精度与质量,提高测绘人员野外工作效率,对目前的一等水准点之记进行了探讨与分析,指出了其详细位置图与点位,详细说明表达、标石断面图绘制和经纬度书写及交通路线描述中存在的缺点,并基于此提出了若干改进意见,这在一定程度上促进了一等水准点之记信息的标准化与规范化。  相似文献   

绘图方式对直流电测深等值线断面图的影响     

郭崇光 《物探与化探》2011,35(5):707-709

以一条测线的直流电测深资料为例,分别用人工和Surfer软件绘制出视电阻率等值线断面图进行比较,从而说明:正确地应用Surfer软件绘制等值线图非常重要,关键是网格化前对x、y值的表达方式以及选择那种插值方法,如何插值才能取得理想的效果,否则会直接影响资料解释,甚至会得出错误的结论。  相似文献   

勘探线剖面三维坐标与剖面图二维坐标转换计算方法     

李蒙文  赵财胜  郑榕芬  陈莉 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2005,35(6):818-822,826

探讨了地质勘探线剖面三维坐标与剖面图二维坐标相互转换方法及其实现过程,建立了数学模型,并通过计算实例进行了验证。主要作法是,根据剖面图的特性选择勘探线剖面地表迹线与勘探基线所在垂直面的交点为转换计算基准点(B),以勘探线剖面内过基准点(B)的水平直线(L)为旋转轴,将勘探线剖面旋转至水平位置;再以基准点(B)为旋转点,将勘探线剖面在水平面内旋转至水平直线(L)成东西向,建立剖面内空间要素旋转前后的关系式,实现三维坐标向二维坐标转换。按相反的操作过程,已知转换后剖面图上点的二维坐标,可以计算出剖面上对应点的三维空间坐标,实现二维坐标向三维坐标转换。  相似文献   

大爆炸宇宙学模型的基本参数──宇宙年龄t_0和哈勃常数H_0     

向守平 《天文学进展》1996,(3)

大爆炸宇宙学模型有6个基本参数一宇宙年龄t0，哈勃常数H0（或哈勃参数h≡H0／100km·s－1·MPc－1），宇宙物质密度参数Ω0，减速因子q0，以及与宇宙学常数A和宇宙的曲率k有关的另外两个参数Ω0A≡A／3H，ΩR≡-K／H。简要介绍了国际上对t0和H0的最近研究进展。由于观测上和理论上都还存在着相当多的不确定因素，目前对这两个参数的取值大小仍然有很大的争议。总的说来，对于宇宙的年龄t0，较普遍的看法是t>11Gyr，其最可见值为t0≈13Ggr。对于哈勃常数H0，如果所测的天体距离尺度较小，则通常给出较大的值h≈0．6-08；而如果所测天体距离尺度较大，则通常给出较小的值h≈0．4－0．6。最近哈勃空间望远镜对M100的观测绘出h≈0．8，这一测量结果仍然含有不确定因素，因而还不能认为H0的大小已有定论。  相似文献   

非饱和水流方程局部迭代法     

于青春 《地球科学》1991,16(1):101-112

  相似文献   

1993年9月11日山西五寨ML4.8级地震预报纪实     

王泽皋  戴英华 《华北地震科学》1994,12(1):43-45

根据１９９３年８月底所得的自７月中旬到８月末发生在华北块体北缘地带上的三组小震群资料,采用我们的办法对五寨ＭＬ４．８级地震作出了较为准确的时,空,强三要素的短期预报。文末简述了对预报的粗浅认识。  相似文献