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1.
Stephan Lowitzer Dan J. Wilson Björn Winkler Victor Milman Julian D. Gale 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2008,35(3):129-135
Knowledge of the defect properties of Lunar and Mercurian minerals has recently become important, with the advent of models
which attempt to explain the formation of the thin exosphere of these celestial bodies. Here, we have calculated the formation
energies of sodium and oxygen vacancies in the mineral albite (NaAlSi3O8), as well as the Schottky defect energy for the removal of a Na2O unit. We have employed both the supercell and Mott–Littleton approaches, using Kohn–Sham density functional theory and classical
interatomic potential methods. As well as reporting the defect energies and structures, we comment upon the relative merits
of the methods used. 相似文献
2.
东昆仑驼路沟钴(金)矿床是青海省发现的首个独立大型喷流沉积型矿床,说明容矿围岩为一套海相火山-沉积岩系。本文在野外调查的基础上,对该矿区短沟矿段YM1坑口的硅质钠长岩进行岩石学、LA-ICP-MS锆石UPb年代学及Hf同位素分析。结果表明,区内钠长岩的形成年龄为(457.3±4.6)Ma,佐证了该矿区喷流作用成岩与成矿的同时性;另外获得9.20~1.10 Ga和2.40~2.50 Ga的2个年龄集中区,说明了研究区基底演化和源区物质的复杂性。Hf同位素显示为两个集中区,其中年龄峰值422~459 Ma的锆石获得εHf(t)值为-0.61~12.72,表明锆石母岩主要为新生的地壳物质,指示硅质钠长岩的形成与海底火山喷发作用密切相关;另外0.85~1.10 Ga的锆石εHf(t)值为-15.09~-0.07,其锆石母岩中主要为再造的古老地壳,表明该区基底源区物质的复杂性。通过区域对比分析,认为驼路沟矿区含矿火山-沉积岩系形成时代与钠长岩年龄、成矿年龄非常接近,喷流沉积时代应为晚奥陶世。 相似文献
3.
陕西二台子铜金床钠长石碳酸（角砾）岩类特征及形成构造背景分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
从岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学、地球化学、稀土元素等方面研究了二台子铜金矿内长石炭酸（角砾）岩类地质地球化学特征。晚泥盆世－石炭纪,在区域幔羽构造作用下,深部热流体沿先存在构造通道上升进入镇安二台子三级热水沉积盆地之中,形成了石英重晶石炭酸角砾岩、碳酸角砾岩、复成分角砾岩、钠长岩、钠长石碳酸岩,受同性断裂及层位控制明显,并构成了金的矿源层及普遍金矿化。燕山期,具有幔源特征的深部含矿热流体在北东、北西向 相似文献
4.
东天山卡拉塔格钠质火山岩岩石学、地球化学及成因 总被引：10，自引：10，他引：10
东天山卡拉塔格早泥盆世卡拉塔格组火山岩主要岩性为海相富钠质的安山岩、流纹岩和英安岩，夹少量的钠质玄武安山岩和钠质玄武岩以及正常系列的玄武安山岩。钠质火山岩的特征是：Na2O=1．69～6．38％，Na2O／K，O〉1，多在2～100间：无论是斑晶还是基质，斜长石均为富钠长石；酸性岩石斑晶主要是钠长石和石英，中基性岩石斑晶主要是钠长石（少量更长石）：酸性岩以斑状结构、霏细结构、球粒结构为主，而中基性岩以交织结构、玻晶交织结构为主。各类岩石全岩化学分析计算结果均含标准矿物Q、Hy、Hm，一部分含Di或C，在TAS图上全都投于亚碱性区；∑REE=25、96-96．11ppm，LaN／YbN=1．68-5．32，Eu／E^＊=0．46-1．25，LaN／SmN=1．01-2．95；强不相容元素适度富集，Nb和Ta强烈亏损，部分样品Cs、Rb、K、Zr和Hf适度亏损。这些特征表明，该区钠质火山岩的原始岩浆可能来自富钠俯冲洋壳熔体与地幔楔岩石反应的产物部分熔融。这样的岩浆形成机制与前人有关卡拉塔格是早泥盆世岛弧的认识相一致。 相似文献
5.
西天山阿吾拉勒成矿带群吉A型花岗岩成因、地质意义及成矿潜力评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
群吉钠长斑岩具有富Si O2(65.3%~76.9%)、Na_2O+K_2O(6.02%~9.66%)、FeOT/Mg O(6.01~21.4),中等的A/CNK(0.90~1.04),低Al2O3(9.82%~15.64%)、Ca O(0.47%~1.84%)、MgO(0.13%~0.45%)的主量元素特征,同时富集Th、U、Ta、Zr、Hf等HFSE,轻稀土富集、重稀土相对平坦分布。高的Zr(468×10~(-6)~707×10~(-6))、Y(20.7×10~(-6)~91.4×10~(-6))、Nb(21.3×10~(-6)~57.7×10~(-6))、Ga(11.2×10~(-6)~19.7×10~(-6))以及Ce(36.7×10~(-6)~98.2×10~(-6))和Zr饱和温度(880℃)特征表明岩体具有A型花岗岩的特征。群吉钠长斑岩的ISr值较低(0.70203~0.70549),εNd(t=303Ma)为正值(+4.1~+5.2),同时全岩Pb同位素落于地幔和下地壳之间的区域,表明形成该岩体的源岩可能为下地壳玄武质岩石。地壳的伸展引起了软流圈地幔底侵,在异常地温梯度下被底侵的玄武质下地壳发生部分熔融,形成该地区晚古生代A型花岗岩岩体。群吉地区A型花岗岩的发现,表明在晚石炭纪西天山阿吾拉勒地区为伸展的构造背景,同时岩石圈的拆沉、下地壳的加厚在晚石炭纪就已发生。群吉钠长斑岩中有局部或全部的铜矿化,该岩体是阿吾拉勒成矿带主要的含矿岩体。钠长斑岩基质中含有自形-半自形的黄铁矿及斑岩中锆石较低的Ce4+/Ce3+(19.5~93.0,平均为39.6),反映了岩浆低氧逸度的成岩条件,这种条件使得S从高价态变为了低价态,有利于成矿。岩浆中Zr的含量与岩浆中的水分含量成反比,H2O的加入也可以使岩浆具有高的氧逸度,因此岩浆中高的Zr含量及低的氧逸度,说明岩浆的源区为"干"体系,H2O的加入很少,而较"干"的体系对形成大型斑岩矿床不利。 相似文献
6.
A.?JonesEmail author D.?Palmer M. S.?Islam M.?Mortimer 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2004,31(5):313-320
As part of a study of ion migration mechanisms in feldspars, the dynamical behaviour of the alkali metal cations ions in albite and K-feldspar has been investigated using a combination of dielectric spectroscopy and atomistic computer simulation techniques. The low-frequency dielectric properties of these minerals have been studied from room temperature to 1100 K. At each temperature, the dielectric constant, conductivity and dielectric loss were determined over a range of frequencies from 100 Hz to 10 MHz. At high temperatures a distinct Debye-type relaxation in the dielectric loss spectra was observed for both albite and K-feldspar; the activation energy for these processes was determined to be 1.33 eV in both albite and K–feldspar. Atomistic simulation techniques were used to elucidate the mechanism and energetics of the cation migration processes. Mechanisms involving the conventional hopping of Na+ and K+ ions between cation sites in the (010) plane were found to give calculated energy barriers in good agreement with the experimentally determined activation energies. These results assist in understanding the nature of the processes responsible for the observed dielectric behaviour. 相似文献
7.
黑鳞云母花岗质岩浆的结晶分异及钠长花岗质岩浆的形成 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以含F、过铝质、K_2O>Na_2O为特征的浅色黑鳞云母花岗岩为初始物,在P=150MPa,T=850～650℃和H_2O不饱和条件下进行熔化-结晶分异实验,结果表明:首先晶出的是石英和富钾碱性长石;随结晶温度下降和结晶相含量的增加,残余熔体中挥发份F及Na_2O、Al_2O_3含量逐渐增加,SiO_2、K_2O、CaO含量减少,显示含F浅色花岗质熔体具有向贫硅富钠的富氟钠长花岗质熔体组成演化的趋势;700℃开始,残余熔体具有天然富氟钠长花岗岩的组成特征:富Na_2O(Na_2O>K_2O)、Al_2O_3(>16％)和F(>1.5％)。上述残余熔体组成的演化特征与自然界从含氟黑鳞云母花岗岩到富氟钠长花岗岩的组成变化规律是一致的,充分证明了在本文的实验条件下,含氟黑鳞云母花岗岩能够经结晶分异演化出富氟钠长花岗岩熔体。 相似文献
8.
与翡翠伴生的含钠长石质玉石的鉴别及定名探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
与翡翠伴生的含钠长石质玉石的外观与传统翡翠非常相似,但成分比较复杂,宝石学参数不再典型,性质常介于钠长石玉和翡翠之间。通过对标本的观察、常规宝石学测试和红外光谱测试,对该过渡类型玉石进行仔细区域调查,总结特征,建议国家标准应加强对翡翠与岩石过渡类型具体的成分标准和物理性质的归钠总结,对相应的类型划分与种类界定提出规范性和统一的标准。 相似文献
9.
The Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley Metallogenic Belt (MLYB) is located on the northern margin of the Yangtze Plate (Eastern China). Ore deposits in the belt are mainly clustered in seven ore districts, and are closely associated with Mesozoic intermediate-felsic magmatic rock. Among the seven ore districts, the Luzong and Ningwu districts host large-scale iron resources in volcanic basins. The Makou magnetite-apatite deposit in the southern Luzong Basin was previously interpreted to be related to a quartz syenite porphyry. In this study, we conducted field geological studies and determined the age and geochemistry of the Makou intrusive rocks. Petrography and electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) indicated that the Makou ore-hosting rocks have intense albite alteration. The wallrock alteration is spatially restricted, and comprises albite alteration (Stage I), magnetite mineralization (Stage II), quartz-sulfide alteration (Stage III) and carbonate alteration (Stage IV) stages. Fluid inclusions in syn-mineralization apatite homogenized at 252.2–322.6 °C, which slightly lower than is typical for magnetite-apatite deposits in the region. Field study revealed that the quartz syenite porphyry at Makou disrupted the orebodies along clear-cut intrusive contacts, and that the quartz syenite porphyry does not contain iron mineralization, suggesting it has no direct genetic relationship with the iron mineralization. The ore-hosting albitite and ore-forming biotite diorite have LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages of 129.6 ± 1.2 Ma and 131.2 ± 3.3 Ma, respectively, and the iron mineralization was dated by mass spectrometer phlogopite 40Ar-39Ar at 130.76 ± 0.77 Ma. We propose that the Makou magnetite-apatite deposit is genetically related to the biotite diorite, rather than to the quartz syenite porphyry in the mine pit. The biotite diorite closely resembles intrusions related to magnetite-apatite deposits elsewhere in the region. 相似文献
10.
Tatyana M. Pak Christoph A. Hauzenberger Lukas P. Baumgartner 《Chemical Geology》2003,200(3-4):377-393
The solubility of the high grade pelite assemblage albite+K-feldspar+andalusite+quartz at 650 °C and 2 kbar was determined in aqueous solutions over a total chloride range of 0.01–3 mCltot using rapid-quench hydrothermal technique. The concentration of Na, K, Si, and Al was determined in the fluid phase after quench. The K/Na ratio was determined by approaching the equilibrium from below and above. It is 0.34 at low chloride concentrations and decreases slightly to 0.31 with increasing total chloride. Silica and aluminum concentrations were determined only from undersaturation. The silica solubility is found to be independent of chloride concentration and is 0.13 molal. Aluminum is nearly independent of chloride concentration decreasing only slightly from 0.0015 to 0.0007 molal. Comparison of the experimental data with thermodynamic model calculations demonstrates that the silica concentrations are well predicted, while significant differences exist between individual databases for Al speciation and its total concentration. Al concentrations are underestimated by up to 10 to 15 orders of magnitude using the SUPCRT92 database. Predicted K/Na ratios are underestimated by up to 30%. The best predictions achieved for this simplified high-grade pelite assemblage are those using the SUPCRT92 database with revised thermodynamic data for feldspars and K- and Na-species (J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 24 (1995) 1401) and additional Al-species (Am. J. Sci. 295 (1995) 1255; Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61 (1997) 2175). The use of ideal mixing for neutral complexes in combination with the extended Debye–Hückel activity model for the charged species yields the most compatible speciation model. 相似文献