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1.
中国市域空间结构的特征及其影响因素 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1
优化与重构人口的空间分布格局是当前国家战略决策的重点研究领域之一。首先,利用2000年和2010年人口普查数据,通过帕累托指数、赫芬达尔指数和首位比重指数刻画了中国城市市域空间结构的特征及其演化;其次,从自然地理、社会经济和政府干预3个方面系统地揭示了区域空间结构形成与演化的影响因素。结果表明：① 相对于胡焕庸线以西地区,胡焕庸线以东的市域更偏向多中心;中国市域空间结构相对稳定,有微弱的向多中心发展的趋势;②市域空间结构的形成主要受政府干预影响,自然地理和社会经济的作用相对较弱。具体而言,地表粗糙程度、城市行政等级和政府支出占比会推动区域空间结构朝单中心方向发展;而土地面积、县/县级市内国家级开发区个数、市域内政府间竞争以及人均公路里程则使得空间结构朝均衡的多中心方向演进。 相似文献
2.
Suburbanization and subcentering of population in Beijing metropolitan area: A nonparametric analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study focuses on the suburbanization and subcentering of population and examines the nature of spatial restructuring in terms of the population distribution in the Beijing metropolitan area.Instead of the classic density function approach,we employ the nonparametric analysis to characterize the spatial pattern of population densities in the Beijing metropolitan area and identify the suburban subcenters.Our findings suggest that the population has spread with rapid urban growth in the Beijing metropolitan area,and the compact urban form has been replaced by a more dispersed polycentric spatial distribution.However,compared with the decentralization of western cities,the spatial extent of the decentralization of population in the Beijing metropolitan area is quite limited.The rapid growth of population in the near suburbs has expedited the sprawl of the central city,with a larger central agglomeration of population dominating the metropolitan area.In this sense,the spatial pattern of the Beijing metropolitan area is still characterized by the continuous compactness.However,our findings do provide the evidence that the city has been turning to a polycentric structure.We find significant population subcenters have emerged in the suburbs of Beijing since the 1980s.But the polycentricity emerged in the Beijing metropolitan area is very different by nature from that observed in Western cities.The subcenters emerged are adherent to the development scheme planned for the city,so it can be referred to as the so called ’planned polycentricity’. 相似文献
3.
东北地区市域城市人口空间结构与劳动生产率关系研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以东北地区36个地级行政单元为样本,利用2000年中国第五次人口普查数据,采用Meijers等给出的区域城市人口中心度和分散度指标对各市域城市人口空间结构进行测度,同时借鉴Cobb-Douglas生产函数,推导出基于OLS算法的实证回归模型,选取中心度、分散度和首位城市人口规模等指标与劳动生产率进行实证分析。结果表明:① 首位城市人口规模越大,劳动生产率越高;② 中心度对劳动生产率的作用不明显;③ 分散度对劳动生产率有负的影响,并受到市域人口规模和市域尺度的影响。 相似文献
4.
This study analyzes metropolitan dynamics in a small country with an “island state” context of closed boundaries, using commuting data and mobile phone tracking data. We examine whether the Israeli context encourages the formation of a monocentric “metropolitan state,” characterized by increasing links between localities throughout the country and its principal metropolitan node (Tel Aviv)—rather than with secondary metropolitan areas—and by fuzzy, overlapping metropolitan boundaries. Commuting data from the 1995 and 2008 censuses show that metropolitan expansion processes in Israel are gradual. Mobile phone tracking data for 2013 reveal similar patterns, confirming the urban structure’s stability and the reliability of tracking data as a means of assessing metropolitan processes. The “island state” context supports growing monocentricity, but, when it comes to commuting and travel for other purposes, Israel is not yet a metropolitan state; metropolitan boundaries are not as fuzzy and rapidly changing as expected. 相似文献
5.
Andrew Robert Watkins 《Urban geography》2013,34(7):1041-1065
This paper reports an empirical analysis of the distribution of employment by industry in Melbourne and how this changes over time. Depending on the nature of the industry being considered, two main patterns of spatial behavior are found, population-related dispersion and centralization. A methodology for estimating the benefits of centralization is developed and applied. Centralization benefits are highest for business services and other high-level services, supporting the view that the benefits of concentrating in the central business district are related to knowledge creation and exchange. Other forces, such as competitive pressure, land prices, and colocation with other industries, play only a minor role in determining the spatial distribution of industries, at least at the spatial levels used here. The implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
6.
基于城际轨道交通流的珠三角城市区域功能多中心研究 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
城市区域是经济全球化与区域一体化发展趋势下重要的空间组织形式,功能多中心是城市区域最为重要和本质的特征以及最为关键的演化阶段。以流动空间和城市网络理论为基础,城市区域功能多中心的研究可以从城际功能联系展开,通过定量测度与定性分析相结合的方式获得具有实践与理论意义的成果。以珠三角城市区域为研究对象,以城际轨道流为功能联系的数据基础,对珠三角城市区域的功能多中心进行探讨。研究表明,基于城际轨道交通流功能联系的珠江三角洲地区具有较高的功能多中心性,在世界上典型的城市区域中处于中上水平;对于东西两翼多中心度的测度与分析发现,东西两翼城市间缺乏有效的城际轨道交通功能联系,对于珠三角城市区域功能多中心产生严重的消极影响,珠三角城市区域功能多中心度进入离心发展阶段。随着城际轨道交通建设的推进和区域一体化的发展,珠三角城市区域的功能多中心将趋于成熟。 相似文献
7.
大都市区产业集聚是共享市场资源、降低交易费用的地域分工结果。学术界和规划实践领域认为频密的功能联系有助于大都市区实现专业分工的多中心体系,即在多中心大都市区内部形成有机联系的专门化集聚,因而是一种理想的空间结构模式。基于理论辨析,以同城的多部门企业子母机构为参照组,试图检验企业空间组织总部-分支功能联系与产业部类专业分工的耦合性。在巨型城市功能性多中心理论回顾的基础上,梳理了企业内部功能组织的多中心与不同产业部类间专业集聚的概念模型、计量方法,引入集聚规模变量以弥补区位熵、克鲁格曼比较优势等统计量的不足,并对珠三角大都市区的多中心网络格局演化开展实证。研究发现：① 2008—2017年间,企业内部子母机构空间组织的功能联系明显促进了珠三角的网络密度,提升了大都市区整体的功能性多中心,并同步大幅增加了跨城企业的集聚功能强度;② 珠三角都市区企业空间组织从产业部类分工走向功能性分工,但是企业总部并没有全然集中于广州、深圳主城区,广深走廊尤其是龙岗、宝安等深圳近圈层地区总部机构的集聚功能强度明显提升,企业分支机构尤其是商业消费门店式并不趋于都市区/都市圈的外围地域;③ 珠三角制造业为主导的专业镇模式日益式微,随着全球化波动下的产业变动,珠三角区域的“世界工厂”角色正处于转型阶段。 相似文献
8.
北京市居民购物行为空间结构演变 总被引：27，自引：5，他引：22
从消费者行为活动切入是研究城市商业空间结构的重要视角。在问卷调查的基础上, 分析10 年来基于认知距离的北京市居民购物行为空间结构的演变特征及其影响机制。结果表明: 北京市居民购物的平均出行距离整体上有缩短趋势; 居民不同类型商品购物出行空间结构的演变和购物地点的演变都呈现出不同的特点; 10 年来北京近郊区居民购物出行空间的等级有明显下降趋势, 中心城区居民则变化不大。上述演变特征均反映出北京商业发展的离心化和多中心化趋势: 居住地附近的低等级商品购物行为逐渐增多, 区域性购物中心、大型超市以及家电卖场对高等级商品购物产生巨大吸引力。影响北京市居民购物行为空间结构演变的因素可以归结为宏观环境变化和购物供给方变化(外生因素) 以及购物需求方变化(内生因 素) 3 个方面, 它们互相影响、互相作用并形成综合性机制模式, 有效推动了北京市居民购物行为空间结构的演变。 相似文献
9.
Hongwei Dong 《Urban geography》2013,34(7):989-1010
This study develops nested logit models to explore the location choice of commercial developers in the Portland metropolitan area, a region that is widely known for its progressive urban growth management. The purposes are to study the dynamics of urban spatial structure from the supply side of the real estate market and to test the capacity of regional governments to manage urban growth by influencing the location choices of developers. The model results indicate that commercial development in the Portland region showed a clear trend of decentralization from its central city. Decentralized commercial developments were not generally dispersed in suburban areas either. Instead, commercial developers tended to locate them in locations within or in close proximity to employment subcenters. Among many control variables tested in the models, availability of vacant land zoned for commercial and industrial purposes proved to be the most important predictor for new commercial development. 相似文献
10.
Jeremy Bryson 《Urban geography》2013,34(5):735-736
In the past decade, Beijing has experienced dramatic spatial restructuring. In this paper, we test whether the conventional monocentric model of urban spatial structure can explain recent developments in Beijing’s land market. Using official land transaction data from 2008 through 2012, we find that (1) for commercial, mixed-use, and residential land parcels, both land prices and development intensities do not decline with distance from the urban center; (2) for industrial land parcels, land prices increase with distance from the urban center. These insignificant and positive land-price gradients defy the predictions of the monocentric model; such results are explained by examining Beijing’s evolution from a monocentric to a polycentric spatial configuration, which has been driven by various urban planning efforts and institutional reforms. Our analysis of post-Olympic Beijing land market dynamics leads to a fresh understanding of the city’s emerging polycentric metropolitan structure. 相似文献