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1.
Heat-shock protein 70 expression in shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis during thermal and immune-challenged stress 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Using western immunoblotting, we obtained heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) induction data and distribution in different tissues from shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis during thermal and immune-challenged stresses. This is probably the first report of the effects of various stressors on the expression of HSP70 in shrimp.HSP70 was prominently induced in hepatopancreas and gills, but not in muscle, eyestalk and hemolymph, when the shrimp were exposed to heat shock and Vibrio anguillavium-challenged stresses. Cold shock and WSSV treatment had no significant effects on the levels of HSP70 expression in all tissues examined. HSP70 induction was greatest after 2 h exposure to heat shock stress, which was elevated after acute heat shock exposure of 10℃ above ambient temperature. 相似文献
2.
Abstract Zinc （Zn） and copper （Cu） concentrations were determined in the tissues （muscle, stomach, liver, gills, skin, and gonads） of five commercial fish species （mullet Liza haematocheilus, flathead Platycephalus indicus, mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius, silver pomfret Pampus argenteus, and sea bass Lateolabrax japonicus） from Laizhou Bay in the Bohai Sea. Metal bioaccumulation was highest in the metabolically active tissues of the gonads and liver. Bioconcentration factors for Zn were higher in all tissues （gonads 44.35, stomach 7.73, gills 7.72, liver 5.61, skin 4.88, and muscle 1.63） than the corresponding values for Cu （gonads 3.50, stomach 3.00, gills 1.60, liver 5.43, skin 1.50, and muscle 0.93）. Mackerel tissues accumulated metal to higher concentrations than did other fish species, but bioaccumulation levels were not significantly correlated with the trophic levels of the fish. Zn and Cu concentrations in the tissues were generally negatively correlated with fish length, except for a few tissues of sea bass. Risk assessment based on national and international permissible limits and provisional tolerances for weekly intake of Zn and Cu revealed that the concentrations of these two metals in muscle were relatively low and would not pose hazards to human health. 相似文献
3.
利用RT-PCR和快速扩增cDNA末端(rapid amplification of cDNA ends,RACE)技术首次克隆了宽体沙鳅(Botia reevesae)-肌动蛋白基因的cDNA全序列,该序列全长为1795bp,由长100bp的5非翻译区(untranslated region,UTR)、570bp的3非翻译区和1125bp的开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)组成,编码375个氨基酸。宽体沙鳅-actin氨基酸序列包含1个糖基化位点、9个N-豆寇酰化位点、3个actin信号位点等主要结构区域。PSI-BLAST比对表明,宽体沙鳅-actin氨基酸与真鲷、罗非鱼、虹鳟等鱼类同源性达99%。NJ法系统进化分析显示宽体沙鳅-actin首先与鲢聚在一起,然后与、尖头等鱼类聚在一起。荧光定量PCR检测-actin基因在宽体沙鳅脑、鳃、心脏、肝、胃等12个组织的表达无显著差异(P<0.05),具有良好的稳定性。 相似文献
4.
Dissected tissues of three shellfish species,the Chinese scallop,Chlamys farreri,Manila clam,Ruditapes philippinarum,and Razor shell,Solen strictu were evaluated for in vitro transformation of paralytic shellfish poisoning(PSP) toxins. Tissue homogenates were incubated with extraction from toxic algae Alexandrium minutum to determine toxin conversion. The effects of heating and addition of a natural reductant(glutathione) on toxin conversion were also assessed. The toxin profile was investigated through high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection(HPLC-FLD) . The evident variations in the toxin content were observed only in Chinese scallop viscera homogenates. The concentration of GTX4 was reduced by 45%(approximately 0.8 μmol/dm 3 ) and 25%(approximately 1 μmol/dm 3 ) for GTX1,while GTX2 and GTX3 increased by six times(approximately 1 μmol/dm 3 ) and 3 times(approximately 0.3 μmol/dm 3 ) respectively. Simultaneously,the total toxicity decreased by 38% during the 48 h incubation period,the final toxicity was 20.4 nmol STXeq/g. Furthermore,heated Chinese scallop viscera homogenates samples were compared with non-heated samples. The concentration of the GTX4 and GTX1 was clearly 28%(approximately 0.53 μmol/dm 3 ) and 17%(approximately 0.69 μmol/dm 3 ) higher in heated samples,GTX2 and GTX3 were four times(0.66 μmol/dm 3 ) and two times(0.187 μmol/dm 3 ) lower respectively. GSH(+) Chinese scallop viscera homogenates samples were compared with GSH(-) samples,the concentration in the GTX4 and GTX1 was 9%(approximately 0.12 μmol/dm 3 ) and 11%(approximately 0.36 μmol/dm 3 ) lower respectively,GTX2 and GTX3 was 17%(approximately 0.14 μmol/dm 3 ) and 19%(approximately 0.006 μmol/dm 3 ) higher respectively. In contrast,there was a little change in the concentration of PSP toxins of Manila clam and Razor shell tissue homogenates. These observations on three shellfish tissues confirmed that there were species-specific differences in PSP toxins transformation. PSP toxins transformation was more pronounced in viscera tissue than in muscle tissue. PSP toxins was possibly interfered by some carbamoylase enzyme,and the activity in Chinese scallop viscera tissue is more remarkable than in the other two species. 相似文献
5.
Species- and tissue-specific mercury bioaccumulation in five fish species from Laizhou Bay in the Bohai Sea of China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mercury (Hg) concentrations in the tissues (muscle, stomach, liver, gills, skin, and gonads) of five fish species (mullet Liza ha em atocheil us, flathead fish Platycephalus indicus, sea bass Lateolabrax japonic u s, mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius and silver pomfret Pampus argenteus) collected from Laizhou Bay in the Bohai Sea of China were investigated. The results indicate that Hg bioaccumulation in the five fish was tissue-specific, with the highest levels in the muscle and liver, followed by the stomach and gonads. The lowest levels were found in the gills and skin. Fish at higher trophic levels (flathead fish and sea bass) exhibited higher Hg concentrations than consumers at lower trophic levels. Mercury bioaccumulation tended to be positively correlated with fish length in mullet, silver pomfret, mackerel, and flathead fish, but was negatively correlated with fish length in sea bass. The Hg concentrations in the muscles of all fish species in Laizhou Bay were within the permissible limits of food safety set by national and international criteria. However, the suggesting maximum consumption of sea bass is 263 g per week for human health. 相似文献
6.
Isani Chan Jia-Jang Hung Shao-Hung Peng Li-Chun Tseng Tung-Yuan Ho Jiang-Shiou Hwang 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014
The response of metal accumulation in coral Tubastraea coccinea to various degrees of metal enrichment was investigated from the Yin-Yang Sea (YYS) receiving abandoned mining effluents, the Kueishan Islet (KI) hydrothermal vent field, and the nearshore area of remoted Green Island (GI). The concentrations of most dissolved metals were highest in seawater at YYS, followed by KI, and then GI, showing the effects of anthropogenic and venting inputs on metal levels. Five metals (Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn) yielded significant differences (p < 0.05) among the skeleton samples. We identified similar patterns in the metal–Ca ratios, indicating that the elevated metals in skeletons was a consequence of external inputs. The coral tissues were relatively sensitive in monitoring metal accumulation, showing significant differences among three locations for Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn. Specific bioconcentration factors provided strong support for the differential metal accumulation in skeletons and tissues. 相似文献
7.
Using western immunoblotting we obtained heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) induction data and distribution in different tissues
from shrimpFenneropenaeus chinensis during thermal and immune-challenged stresses. This is probably the first report of the effects of various stressors on the
expression of HSP70 in shrimp. HSP70 was prominently induced in hepatopancreas and gills, but not in muscle, eyestalk and
hemolymph, when the shrimp were exposed to heat shock andVibrio anguillavium-challenged stresses. Cold shock and WSSV treatment had no significant effects on the levels of HSP70 expression in all tissues
examined. HSP70 induction was greatest after 2 h exposure to heat shock stress, which was elevated after acute heat shock
exposure of 10°C above ambient temperature.
Supported by the National Key Fundamental Research Program “Study of the Major Diseases and Resistance Mechanism of Mariculture
Organisms”, NSFC, No. 30140017, and the international cooperative program “Immunaqua” by the European Commission, No. ICA4-CT-2001-10023. 相似文献
8.
通过监测泥蚶不同组织器官镉含量的变化及构建相应泥蚶镉排出动力学模型,研究了投喂两种饵料微藻——海水小球藻(Chlorella salina)和三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)对泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)成贝镉排出的影响。结果表明:投喂饵料微藻对泥蚶外套膜、鳃、内脏团和肌肉的镉排出均有明显促进作用(P0.05),且投喂混合藻种的效果优于投喂单一藻种。经10d暂养净化后,泥蚶不同组织器官的镉排出率大小依次为内脏团鳃外套膜肌肉,其中投喂混合藻时可食用部分(即肌肉部分)的镉排出率和动力学模型拟合得到的排出速率均比不投喂饵料微藻的对照高出1倍左右[30.02%vs16.13%;0.036μg/(g·d)vs0.017μg/(g·d)];同时,通过上述动力学模型还可算得,投喂饵料微藻的泥蚶体内镉的生物半衰期可比对照组缩短14—22d,其食用部分预期达标时间可缩短12—13d。 相似文献
9.
试论动物非矿化组织的保存 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
动物非矿物化组织在特异埋葬条件下可保存为化石。缺氧和快速埋葬有利于非矿化组织的保存，但不能阻止微生物的破坏作用。无菌环境下可保存软躯体组织，但在构造变动和古气候变迁等因素的影响下会彻底破坏，不可能在地质历史时期长期存在。最稳定的保存形式是与成岩作用有关的保存类型和以碳化有机质薄膜形式的保存类型。与动物非矿化组织保存有关的常见成岩自生矿物有磷酸盐矿物、碳酸盐矿物和黄铁矿等。其中，磷酸盐矿物在成岩作用过程中结晶最早，可以保存动物的微细构造。这些矿物可以矿化交代动物的肉质和角质使其成为矿化实体；也可以呈假形、铸型或铸模等形式保存。布尔吉斯页岩保存类型中，非矿化组织以碳化有机质薄膜或含水的颧硅酸盐矿物两种形式保存。前可能与粘土矿物吸附有机质、阻止酶的降解作用有关，后可能由自生粘土矿物的交代作用造成。 相似文献
10.
H.B. Akberali E.R. Trueman J.E. Black C. Hewitt 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1982,15(4):415-421
The effects of 1-naphthol, the first hydrolytic product of the insecticide Sevin®, have been studied on the estuarine bivalve Scrobicularia. Median lethal times for 5 and 10 mg l?1 1-naphthol were 15 and 9 days respectively. Final concentrations of 1, 5, 10 and 20 mg l?1 of 1-naphthol resulted in the immediate contraction of the isolated siphon. The contractions were more pronounced at higher concentrations. Application of the same range of concentrations of 1-naphthol to intact Scrobicularia resulted in valve closure and bradycardia. The similarity between the results of median lethal time experiments and the isolated siphonal and behavioural responses of Scrobicularia indicates the feasibility of the use of the isolated siphon preparations to make rapid assessments of environmental stress conditions. 相似文献