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1.
This paper explores what happens when corporations engage explicitly in practices of organisational learning not only to become better capitalists by generating ever more innovative ways of maintaining profitability, improving competitiveness and maximising shareholder value, but also to become more responsible corporate citizens in their business practices. In particular, I evaluate the ways in which UK food and clothing retailers are learning to develop their ethical trading programmes in response to political calls for more responsible trading. Thrift’s [Thrift, N., 2005. Knowing Capitalism. Sage, London] notion of ‘knowledgeable, or soft, capitalism’ is adopted to understand the creative and experimental ways in which retailers and their mentors (ethical consultancies, social auditors and multi-stakeholder organisations) are learning to trade ethically. Two specific examples of formal learning spaces experienced by UK food and clothing retailers are examined: (i) training courses on social auditing and (ii) corporate awareness-raising courses on ethical trade. These courses are shown to encompass various participative and affective practices of learning. And while particular limits to the success of these courses are argued to exist, ethical learning practices discussed in this paper are nonetheless suggested to play a role in the making of new, albeit moderate, forms of responsible capitalism. 相似文献
2.
This article analyzes the recent growth and configuration of Fair Trade networks connecting South African Rooibos tea producers with American consumer markets. As we demonstrate, Fair Trade’s growth in the Rooibos sector engages key issues of black empowerment, land reform, and sustainable development in post-Apartheid South Africa. Fair Trade networks provide small-scale black Rooibos producers with critical markets. Most significantly, the Wupperthal and Heiveld cooperatives have upgraded into processing and packaging and their jointly owned Fairpackers facility now exports shelf-ready Rooibos tea. Analyzing the nature of US Fair Trade Rooibos buyers and their South African sourcing arrangements, we identify key variations in Fair Trade commitment and engagement between mission-driven and market-driven distributors. While mission-driven buyers engage small-scale Rooibos cooperatives in multifaceted partnership networks, market-driven buyers pursue conventional sourcing strategies favoring purchases from large plantations and exporters. We conclude that tensions between a radical and commercial orientation toward Fair Trade in Rooibos tea networks in many ways mirror those in the broader movement. 相似文献
3.
经济型酒店空间扩张模式的国内外比较 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
中国的经济型连锁酒店经过连续几年的高速发展,正处在规模扩张的十字路口。本文对我国经济型连锁酒店空间扩张模式的现状进行分析,并通过对我国排名前几位的经济型连锁酒店与国内外同类型酒店的扩张模式进行理论和数据实证的比较分析,从而得出我国经济型连锁酒店空间扩张模式应选择的路径,以期为我国经济型连锁酒店的发展模式选择和健康运营提供有益的借鉴和探索。 相似文献
4.
This article follows one object, a rare car, through its life cycle and in so doing engages the literatures in cultural geography on mobilities, materiality, and enthusiasm to show how all three are linked in the restoration of this one automobile, a Czechoslovakian-built Tatra T87 from 1941. Through archival and autoethnographic research, we trace the history of the Tatra company and then follow the production, sale, and subsequent ownerships of this one particular car through two wars and across two continents. We detail its restoration, tracing a geography of automobile enthusiasm that brought this rusted hulk back to life, one facilitated internationally by the Internet but that nevertheless demands extraordinary mobilities of cars, people, and parts. In following this one thing, we join other scholars in complicating the commodity- or global-value chains so often described as linear, to uncover instead complex entanglements of reuse, repurposing, and restoration. Because the car in question is our own, we mobilize our experiences with the car to reveal how the geographies of enthusiasms (automotive and otherwise) involve sustained and profound emotional engagements—emotional engagements often left out of academic accounts where, we suggest, they might be desirable as well. 相似文献
5.
The emergence of export markets for high-value seafood products tends to produce a predictable pattern of serial depletion of resources and social disruption in coastal communities, a phenomenon described as ‘the tragedy of the commodity’. The sea cucumber trade epitomizes these challenges, with cases of rapid growth followed by fishery collapse documented across the Indo-Pacific and the majority of assessed stocks worldwide overexploited. Is this ‘boom-bust’ sequence inevitable? We examine three cases of resistance to the sea cucumber trade from Palau, Pohnpei, and Yap. Despite the overwhelming short-term financial incentives to export, fishers, youth, elected and traditional leaders, and civil society organizations coordinated to ban the trade at its peak, using public protest, court battles, and customary and statutory law. We show that, like the tragedy of the commons, Indigenous peoples and local communities can organize to resist the tragedy of the commodity. They do so by asserting Indigenous values, rights, and institutions, recommonizing the resource and preventing fisheries collapse. These cases challenge the inevitability of the tragedy of the commodity and the narrative of poor fishers as vulnerable and disempowered. 相似文献
6.
J. J. Álvaro E. Vennin A. Muñoz B. Sánchez-Valverde J. L. Ojeda 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2000,89(2):366-376
The stratigraphy of carbonate/shale couplets, cycles and cycle-stacking patterns in a Cambrian shallow water platform (Iberian
Chains, NE Spain) are related to sea-level changes driven by orbital forcing and by tectonic pulses. The interplay of both
effects can be discriminated in the Iberian fault-controlled platform, in which the tectonic activity can be analysed by accurate
and detailed biostratigraphic correlations based on trilobite zonation. The stratigraphic hierarchy of rhythmically interbedded
limestones and shales, in two coeval but structurally separated geodynamic settings, yields cycle ratios of 1.44 :1. This
ratio is supported by time thickness and spectral analysis, which is based on a graphic method of analysis: the Map of Grey
Lines. The cycle ratio seems to be evidence for orbital forcing by obliquity and precession cycles predicted for early Paleozoic
time. Carbonate/shale couplets, the smallest rhythmic units recognisable in the field, represent short-term, periodic fluctuations
in supply of terrigenous sediments and carbonate productivity of uncertain origin, which could be associated with one of several
harmonics of the former orbital cycles. The pulsating tectonic activity was approximated by using a quantitative analysis
of tectonically induced subsidence (Shaw method). Recurrence frequencies of tectonic pulses were estimated and dated by biostratigraphy.
As a result, tectonic disturbances in the Cambrian Iberian platform show an episodic periodicity comparable to that of orbital
eccentricity cycles, which could mask their recognition.
Received: 15 November 1999 / Accepted: 9 February 2000 相似文献
7.
Sediment deposition and its accumulation in a large resorvoir depends on the inflow and reservoir storage content, respectively. Because of this fact it is possible to model the cumulative deposition of sediment as an additive process defined on a bivariate Markov chain. Using the bivariate Markov chain model the mean and variance of the cumulative deposition of John Martin Reservoir, Colorado, U.S.A. are estimated and compared with observed sedimentation data. 相似文献
8.
Thomas J. Bassett 《Geoforum》2010,41(1):44-55
This paper examines the extent to which certified fairtrade cotton programs in West Africa present an alternative to the conventional cotton economy. Two fairtrade programs operating in Burkina Faso and Mali serve as case studies. The paper argues that fairtrade cotton fails to offer an alternative to conventional cotton because it works within the same commodity chain that impoverishes farmers in the first place. Cotton grower organizations seek more power within the conventional cotton sector to increase incomes and improve the living standards of all cotton growers. They are also active at the international level to eliminate the inequities of international trade. It is in these arenas that cotton growers are struggling to improve their incomes and livelihoods. Fairtrade does not address these fundamental inequities and power relations. The slim pickings of these programs are further evident in the very small amount of cotton produced and marketed as fair trade. Plans to expand production from less than 1% to 10% by 2012 are unrealistic in light of the introduction of genetically modified cotton and the limited market demand for fairtrade cotton. Despite these limitations, fairtrade cotton programs are producing some positive effects, notably women’s participation in cash crop cultivation, higher cotton quality, and the diffusion of organic farming techniques. An innovative direct marketing agreement linking the National Cotton Growers’ Union of Burkina Faso with the US women’s apparel company Victoria’s Secret indicates that alternative trading relations can be constructed outside the conventional commodity chain. 相似文献
9.
广州市商品住宅价格分布特征研究 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
通过收集整理、统计分析有关广州市商品住宅销售价格的信息资料，探讨了广州市商品住宅价格时空分布规律及影响因素。结果认为，广州市商品住宅价格分布不平衡，价格分布东山东东湖区为最高价中心，并向四周逐渐降低。而且住宅价格呈直线上升，其影响因素主要与地价、城市形态与功能结构、交通与绿化环境、生活服务设施以及物业管理水平有关。并就此提出一些建议。 相似文献
10.
Christina A. Stringer 《The Australian geographer》2002,33(1):63-77
This paper explores the changing relationship of a region (Hawkes Bay, New Zealand), its industries and enterprises to Asia-Pacific industrial complexes. Land-based industries in Hawkes Bay provide examples of new connections and local adaptations of production to emerging agro-food and forestry complexes, centred upon East Asia. Integration into these complexes, which has only been possible in the context of the gradual relaxation of regulatory regimes that has occurred over the past two decades, has facilitated access to new markets. In some cases, integration is an outcome of East Asian ownership of New Zealand-based nodes along the commodity chain. In others, it is an outcome of New Zealand actors producing to meet 'site of consumption' demand. The paper concludes that new dynamics in the spheres of trade, production and investment are instituted by and feed into new geographic links and interactions, referred to in the paper as a rescaling of the region. 相似文献