Multiple longshore sand bars in the upper Chesapeake Bay     

Thomas J. Dolan  Robert G. Dean 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,21(5):727-743

In the upper Chesapeake Bay (Maryland, U.S.A.) field surveys were conducted at 18 multiple longshore sand bar sites. The multiple bar systems were found in water depths less than approximately 2 m (mean sea level), and exhibited mild bottom slopes of 0·0052 or less. The number of bars composing each system ranged from four to 17 and the spacing between the crests typically increased in the offshore direction, ranging from 12 to 70 m. Bar height also typically increased with distance offshore and ranged from 0·03 to 0·61 m. A grain size analysis of crest and trough sediment did not reveal any significant differences and the sediment was categorized as ‘fine sand’. A review of the literature data indicated that the Chesapeake Bay multiple bars possessed similar characteristics to those found in Gelding Bay (Baltic Sea); similarities in fetch, wave height and tidal range between the two bays may account for this finding. The surf-scaling parameter indicated that the multiple bar systems were extremely dissipative with regard to wave energy, and wave height appeared to be an important factor in controlling bar spacing and bar height. A multiple wave break point hypothesis was discussed as a possible mechanism for the formation of Chesapeake Bay multiple longshore bars, and limited observational evidence appeared to support such a mechanism.  相似文献   

Particulate organic matter in the coastal and estuarine waters of Goa and its relationship with phytoplankton production     

X.N. Verlencar  S.Z. Qasim 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,21(2):235-243

In the coastal and estuarine waters of Goa, particulate organic carbon (POC) varied from 0.52 to 2.51 mg l^?1 and from 0.28 to 5.24 mg l^?1 and particulate phosphorus (PP) varied from 0.71 to 5.18 μg l^?1 and from 0.78 to 20.34 μg l^?1, respectively. The mean values of chlorophyll and primary productivity were 1.94 mg m^?3 and 938.1 mg C m^?2 day^?1 in the coastal waters and 4.3 mg m^?3 and 636.5 mg C m^?1 day^?1 in the estuarine waters, respectively.$\text{POC}\text{chl}$ ratios were low in June and October even when POC values were quite high. The POC in surface waters was linearly correlated with the chlorophyll content. Also PP increased when chlorophyll and primary productivity remained high. The results suggest that the phytoplankton was sharply increasing and contributed to POC and PP content. The percentage of detritus calculated from the intercept values of chlorophyll on POC varied from 46 to 76% depending on season. Results indicate that the major portion of POC and PP during postmonsoon (October–January) is derived from phytoplankton production while the allochthonous matter predominate during monsoon (June–September).  相似文献   

EMERGY ANALYSIS OF GRAIN PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN JIANGSU AND SHAANXI PROVINCE     

LIU Xin-wei  CHEN Bai-ming  ZHANG Ding-xiang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2004,14(3)

1INTRODUCTIONGrain production has always been top-priority issue con-cerned by government and people (MA etal., 2002). Af-ter China put household contract responsibility system in force, its domestic issue of grain was basically settled in the mid 1980s (MA and XU, 1999). However, in the days when idea of sustainable development is broadly accepted, efficiency and sustainability of grain produc-tion are now in question, which have prompted interest in reviewing grain production patterns…  相似文献   

Early warning research on salt-alkalization desertification in western Songnen Plain     

BIAN Jian-min  LIN Nian-feng  TANG Jie College of Environment  Resources  Jilin  University  Changchun  Jilin  China 《东北亚地学研究》2005,(Z1)

Desertification is an environmental issue in the world. The salt-alkalization desertification land area formed by both primary and secondary salt-alkalization has extended in a large scale, which has become a significant eco-environmental problem. Based on the characteristics of eco-environment and the situation of desertification in western Songnen plain, this paper reports the analyzes of its formation in background and cause. An early warning system on the salt-alkalization desertification is established and the GIS technology is used to abstract the information of desertification evaluation index. Supported by the integrated technology of the GIS and ANN, the orientation and quantitative result of desertification are gained, which is helpful to the eco-environment protection and resource development in western Songnen Plain.  相似文献   

Sonar acoustic facies and sediment distribution on an area of the deep ocean floor     

Robert B. Kidd  Robert W. Simm  Roger C. Searle 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》1985,2(3):210-221

Long-range sidescan sonar can be used to map sediment distributions over wide expanses of deep ocean floor. Seven acoustic facies that arise from differing sediment or rock types have been mapped over the low-relief Saharan continental rise and Madeira abyssal plain. These have been calibrated with sampling, profiling and camera studies and the facies can be traced confidently on a regional scale using the sidescan data. The mapping of the sediment distribution shows that a complex interplay of turbidity current and debris flow processes can occur at a continental rise/abysaal plain transition over 1000 km from the nearest continental slope.  相似文献   

太湖平原西北部全新世古河道沉积特征及环境演变   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

舒军武  王伟铭  陈晔 《地层学杂志》2008,32(2):146-152

粒度、磁化率定量数据分析在判明第四系沉积物的来源、识别沉积分异作用、解译古沉积相和环境方面有着重要作用。对太湖平原西北部卜弋桥ZK01钻孔上部全新统如东组进行了粒度和磁化率测试分析,结合该孔孢粉成果,揭示研究区全新世古河道沉积环境和气候明显经历了3个阶段:1)11000—9500cal.aBP,沉积物主要由粉砂组成,粒度证据表明水动力条件较强,孢粉证据显示该阶段气候较温暖湿润;2)9500—3900cal.aBP,沉积物砂组分含量大幅增加,粒度资料显示古河道水动力明显增强,孢粉植被表明该时期处于全新世大暖期,气候暖湿稳定;3)3900cal.aBP以来,粉砂组分在沉积物中占优势,粒度结果表明该阶段水动力显著减弱,孢粉资料和磁化率证据表明研究区自该阶段特别是后期以来逐步出现了明显的人类活动迹象。  相似文献   

江苏潮滩沉积物激光粒度仪与移液管-筛析分析结果的对比     

仝长亮  高抒 《沉积学报》2008,26(1):46-53

激光粒度仪的广泛应用带来了与历史数据的对比问题,因此需要建立激光粒度仪与早期分析结果之间的关系。根据江苏海岸潮滩沉积物样品的激光粒度仪和移液管-筛析法分析,对粒度参数、粒度组分等进行了对比,对两种方法的差异进行了分析。结果表明,对于江苏潮滩沉积物粒度参数中平均粒径的激光粒度仪与移液管-筛析分析结果之间有良好的线性关系;筛分法测得的粗颗粒物质较激光法偏少,而移液管法法测得的细颗粒物质较激光法偏多;将样品分类之后再进行两种方法所获粒度参数的回归分析,相关性得以提高,说明不同粒度组成的沉积物对分析结果的对比有不同的影响。两种方法之间的换算关系不仅与研究区域有关,而且与沉积物本身的粒度组成有关。  相似文献   

辽宁省海洋环境保护与海岸带可持续开发利用     

刘现明 《海岸工程》1995,14(4):33-36

在分析综合辽宁省海岸带调查和沿海经济贝类污染监测资料基础上，根据辽宁海岸带水质，沉积物和生物污染现状及发展趋势。针对所存在的问题，讨论了辽宁省海洋污染特别是赤潮对海洋资源的破坏，并在组织机构，地方立法，海岸带环境保护规划，污染源控制与整体环境改进，监测方案等方面提出了建设海上辽宁、加强辽宁省海洋环境保护与海岸可持续开发利用的建议。  相似文献   

浙江省海岛沿岸水域微生物生态分布   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

史君贤  陈忠元 《海洋学研究》1996,14(2):35-43

文章报道了浙江海岛沿岸水域中异养细菌、氨化细菌和反硝化细菌的数量分布及异养细菌的种群组成。结果表明：本调查海区异养细菌的数量较多，其数量分布范围在２．０４×１０４～８．３６×１０６个／ｄｍ３之间；氨化细菌数量分布范围在３．０×１０３～１．１×１０６个／ｄｍ３之间；反硝化细菌的数量分布范围在３．０×１０２～１．１－１０６个／ｄｍ３之间。细菌的数量与环境中营养盐的浓度之间存在密切关系。在不同的海区异养细菌的种群组成存在一定的差异，在浙北海区，革兰氏阴性菌所占比例为４１．６％，在浙中海区为４６．９％，在浙南海区为６４．９％。  相似文献   

江苏两万年来的古气候与海平面变化     

陈月秋 《海洋湖沼通报》1992,(4):1-5

本文从江苏两万年来的气温升降与海平面变化之间的联系,展开了讨论。把两万年分成七个时段。最后一个时段,即最近2000年来,又分成四个寒期与四个暖期。寒期与暖期是交替出现。世界上已有很多学者把各地的全新世海面变化的曲线分成三种类型,我省的全新世海面变化曲线属于Fairbridge曲线。  相似文献