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Assessment of sand encroachment in Kuwait using Geographical Information System (GIS) technology has been formulated as a
Multi-Criteria Decision Making problem. The Delphi method and Analytical Hierarchy Process were adopted as evaluating techniques,
in which experts’ judgments were analyzed for objectively estimating and weighting control factors. Seven triggering factors,
depicted in the form of maps, were identified and ordered according to their priority. These factors are (1) wind energy;
(2) surface sediment; (3) vegetation density; (4) land use; (5) drainage density; (6) topographic change and (7) vegetation
type. The factor maps were digitized, converted to raster data and overlaid to determine their possible spatial relationships.
Applying a susceptibility model, a map of sand encroachment susceptibility in Kuwait was developed. The map showed that the
areas of very high and high sand encroachment susceptibility are located within the main corridor of sand pathway that coincides
with the northwesterly dominant wind direction. 相似文献
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黄土丘陵区地形破碎、沟壑纵横，为遥感影象的土地利用自动分类带来了很大困难。仅依靠传统的光谱统计分类方法，难以达到较高的分类精度。本文拟探讨在黄土丘陵区运用大比例尺地形图数据，建立区域数字地貌模型；并在模糊数学理论的指导下，运用数字地貌模型对影象的分层分类结果进行修正和细化。研究表明，此方法能够有效地提高土地利用分类精度和机助制图比例尺。 相似文献
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This work investigates the likelihood of integrating the cheap and readily-available broadband multispectral MODIS data and in-situ measurements in quantifying and monitoring water quality status of an inland lake within Upper Manyame Catchment in Zimbabwe. Specifically we used MODIS images to quantify inland lake chlorophyll_a concentrations, as a proxy for predicting lake pollution levels. The findings of this study show a high chlorophyll_a concentration of 0.101 ± 0.128 μg/L within the Lake. The results further demonstrated that the chlorophyll_a concentration levels did not significantly vary (p = 0.788) between sites, except among depths (p = 0.05). Further, prediction results based on the relationship between observed and predicted chlorophyll_a produced a high R2 value of 0.89 and a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.003 μg/L. Moreover, the derived landuse maps of Upper Manyame Catchment indicated a significant variation in the percentage settlement in 1985, 1994 and 2010 change from 1985 to 2010. For instance, 8% increase in settlement in the period between 1994 and 2010 and over 12% increase from 1985 to 2010 and a decline in percent forest coverage (i.e. 9.8% in 1985 to 2.0% in the year 2010) in the catchment was observed. Overall, the findings of this study highlights the importance of free and readily-available satellite datasets (such as the multispectral MODIS and Landsat) in quantifying and monitoring water quality across inland lakes especially in data-scarce areas like Sub-Saharan Africa. 相似文献
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Fine-grained landuse characterization using ground-based pictures: a deep learning solution based on globally available data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Shivangi Srivastava John E. Vargas Muñoz Sylvain Lobry Devis Tuia 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(6):1117-1136
ABSTRACTWe study the problem of landuse characterization at the urban-object level using deep learning algorithms. Traditionally, this task is performed by surveys or manual photo interpretation, which are expensive and difficult to update regularly. We seek to characterize usages at the single object level and to differentiate classes such as educational institutes, hospitals and religious places by visual cues contained in side-view pictures from Google Street View (GSV). These pictures provide geo-referenced information not only about the material composition of the objects but also about their actual usage, which otherwise is difficult to capture using other classical sources of data such as aerial imagery. Since the GSV database is regularly updated, this allows to consequently update the landuse maps, at lower costs than those of authoritative surveys. Because every urban-object is imaged from a number of viewpoints with street-level pictures, we propose a deep-learning based architecture that accepts arbitrary number of GSV pictures to predict the fine-grained landuse classes at the object level. These classes are taken from OpenStreetMap. A quantitative evaluation of the area of Île-de-France, France shows that our model outperforms other deep learning-based methods, making it a suitable alternative to manual landuse characterization. 相似文献
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阐述了<北京市土地利用总体规划>图集的设计思想.从版式开本设计、内容结构设计、地理基础底图的设计、专题内容的设计、工艺流程设计、整饰色彩设计等几个方面入手,介绍了图集的编制方法,并对FreeHand与superMap支持下的工艺流程进行了探索,希望能为其他同类图集的编制提供一些参考. 相似文献
8.
GIS与SPSS集成分析区域土地利用变化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用遥感、专题地图及自然与社会经济统计等数据,在GIS技术的支持下,建立了吉林省镇赉县土地利用变化专题数据库;利用SPSS软件,对引起镇赉县土地利用变化的驱动力因子进行分析,建立因子分析模型,分析该区域土地利用变化的驱动因素;提出土地优化利用策略,为区域土地可持续利用及环境保护提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Rates of sheet and rill erosion in Germany — A meta-analysis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Knowledge of erosion rates under real conditions is of great concern regarding sustainability of landuse and off-site effects on water bodies and settlements. Experimentally derived rates of sheet and rill erosion are often biased by experimental settings, which deviate considerably from typical landuse, by short measuring periods and by small spatial extensions, which do not account for the pronounced spatio-temporal variability of erosion events. We compiled data from 27 studies covering 1076 plot years to account for this variability. Modelling was used to correct for deficiencies in the experimental settings, which overrepresented arable land and used steeper and shorter slopes as well as higher erosivity than typically found in reality. For example, the average slope gradient was 5.9° for all arable plot experiments while it is only 2.6° on total arable land in Germany. The expected soil loss by sheet and rill erosion in Germany after taking real slopes, landuse and erosivity into account averaged 2.7 t ha− 1 yr− 1. Annual crops contributed the largest proportion (90%) but hops despite its negligible contribution to landuse (0.06%) still contribute 1.0% due to its extraordinary rapid erosion, which was even faster than the measured bare fallow soil loss standardized to otherwise identical conditions. Bare fallow soil loss, which is often used as baseline, was 80 t ha− 1 yr− 1 when standardized to 5.1° slope gradient, 200 m flow path length, and average German erosivity. 相似文献
10.
土地利用空间数据尺度转换中的精度损失分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在地理信息系统的支持下,利用两种矢栅转换原则对土地利用空间数据进行尺度转换,并对不同栅格大小下,各种土地利用类型的精度损失特征进行了分析.研究结果表明: (1)面积最大值原则(RMA)下,栅格大小< 80 m时,其精度损失均< 2%; 中心值原则(RCC)下,栅格大小< 160 m时,其精度损失均< 2%.(2)在栅格大小为800 m时,水域在面积最大值原则下的精度损失超过50%,在中心值原则下的精度损失超过20%.(3)在空间粒度逐渐增大过程中,面积最大值原则下生成的栅格数据相对误差较大,各地类精度损失的绝对值与栅格大小之间成正相关; 中心值原则下,各地类的相对误差较小且复相关系数均很小,表现出很强的随机性. 相似文献