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TSI3563型积分式浊度计是一种性能出色的气溶胶散射系数观测仪器,然而由于仪器设计所固有的限制,TSI3563型浊度计观测结果包含有角度截断和非朗伯体光源两项系统性误差,会使观测结果较真值偏小10%左右。因此,需要对TSI3563型浊度计的观测结果进行校正才能得到较为精确的散射系数观测值。该研究利用2009年华北平原HaChi气溶胶外场观测数据测试了现有校正方法,结果显示,传统的校正方法在我国华北平原这样的高气溶胶污染地区并不适用。为此,提出一种改进的校正方法,利用同时观测的PM1和PM10数据,在校正方案中加入超微米粒子体积比这一参量,对于不同体积比采用不同的校正函数。利用实际观测数据检验后发现,改进方法的校正效果相对于传统方法有很大改善。 相似文献
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利用三维普林斯顿海洋模型（POM）以及逐时水位观测数据,研究印度洋北部斯里兰卡北部海岸风暴潮-潮汐相互作用特征.选择了2008年的"Nisha"台风作为台风风暴潮个例进行研究,并进行了3个数值敏感性试验.经验证,该风暴潮模型可以很好地再现该台风期间研究区域内的潮汐和总海水水位.试验结果表明,沿斯里兰卡西北海岸的风暴潮-潮汐相互作用显著,其强度与台风的强度和轨迹相关.当TC在42 h达到较大强度时,可以得到风暴潮-潮汐相互作用导致的最大增水值TSI （0.6 m）和从印度洋外海向斯里兰卡西北部浅滩流入的最大相互作用流场.在TC强度较弱的第30小时,得到最大负TSI （-0.6 m）和向南流出西北部浅水区域的较弱的相互作用流场.在整个台风期间,强TSI都发生在斯里兰卡西北部海滩到对岸的印度洋近岸区域. 相似文献
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滇池富营养化时空特征评价 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
1IntroductionEutrophication is the most widespread water quality problem in China and many other countries. Symptoms such as high levels of chlorophyll a, excessive seaweed blooms, occurrence of anoxia and hypoxia have occurred in many areas. Water-qualit… 相似文献
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利用2002~2010年25°N~35°N,110°E~120°E范围内的NCEP 1°×1°500 hPa高度场、涡度场和风场6 h再分析资料,运用层次分析法,构建出高空槽强度指数TSI。结果表明,TSI的大小与槽强度有很好的一致性,即TSI越大槽越强。TSI不仅对槽有较好的指示意义,对脊也有一定的指示意义。其中当TSI0.6时,高空槽在该区域较明显;0.35≤TSI≤0.6时,槽脊都不明显,即主要表现为一致的西风环流;TSI0.35时,高空脊较为明显。利用2011年的数据对该指数进行检验,检验效果较好。另外,定量分析较强高空槽(TSI≥0.6)的月分布规律发现,较强槽冬季较多而夏季较少。 相似文献
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《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(2):76-91
The cumulative net mass balances of maritime glaciers in Norway display a net surplus during the period 1963–2000. The article seeks to establish the causal mechanisms that resulted in the positive net balances occurring on Norwegian maritime glaciers. To achieve this, a Temporal Synoptic Index (TSI) was derived for a 30-year period for a number of synoptic meteorological stations in Norway. The TSI is derived using Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and subsequent clustering of component scores to classify days for both winter and summer seasons. Findings indicate that the occurrence of ‘warm’ type air masses during the summer months have increased in frequency, particularly since the late 1980s. A reduction in the frequency of ‘cold’ cluster types during the winter months is evident after this period, while the frequency of ‘warm’ types, with an increased moisture carrying capacity, has increased in frequency. The frequency occurrence of these key air mass types is shown to be significantly related to glacier mass balance during both the accumulation and ablation season. Winter air mass types from maritime source regions act to enhance accumulation and suppress ablation, while summer continental source types suppress accumulation and enhance ablation. 相似文献
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Water-quality deterioration and eutrophication of the Lake Dianchi have acquired more and more attention in the last few decades. In this paper, the spatial and temporal eutrophication status of the Lake Dianchi was assessed. The comprehensive trophic state index was chosen to assess the trophic status of the Lake Dianchi in the past 13 years. The result reveals that the trophic condition of Caohai is more serious than that of Waihai. Most of time Caohai was in extremely hypereutrophic state from 1988 to 2000. The trophic condition of Waihai had a worsening tendency from 1988 to 2000. Waihai was in eutrophic state before 1995, but it got in a hypereutrophic state after 1995. It was pointed out that TN and TP were the two biggest contributors of CTSIM in both Caohai and Waihai. 相似文献
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Total Solar Irradiance Measurement and Modelling during Cycle 23 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
During solar cycle 23, which is now close to its end, variations of the total solar irradiance were measured by six different
instruments, providing four independent time series of the irradiance variation over the complete solar cycle. A new composite
time series constructed using five of these six instruments provides unprecedented instrument stability for the study of the
open question of solar irradiance variations between minima. An independent analysis of the different composite time series
is performed through an empirical proxy model fit. The new composite is fitted with 0.96 correlation (R
2=93%) and RMS error of 0.15 W m−2, thus reaching the limit of the individual instrument stabilities. Both the measurements and the model indicate that for
the current cycle the minimum irradiance level has not yet been reached. Therefore we use the model to extrapolate measurements
up to 2008 when the minimum irradiance level is expected. If we assume that there will be no changes in the solar irradiance
from 2006 to 2008 that are not captured by the regression model, it can be predicted that there will be no variation of the
solar minimum irradiance level during cycle 23 with an uncertainty of ±0.14 W m−2. 相似文献
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《Limnologica》2017
Eutrophication has become a crucial issue for water resource management in recent years. In addition, reservoir trophic states are varied with environmental and water quality variables. The objectives of this study were to apply the DFA model to examine which water quality variables significantly affect variations of trophic state index (TSI) factors (i.e. total phosphorus (TP), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), and Secchi disk transparency (SD)) and use classification and regression tree (CART) to determine the trophic states of the Shinmen Reservoir based on the levels of TSI factors during spring 2001–winter 2009. Results showed that the optimal DFA model contained one common trend (the underlying processes influencing trophic states, which can be rainfall intensity or runoff volume) and 7 explanatory variables. Turbidity (TB), pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) influence concentrations of TP, while ammonium nitrogen (NH3-N), organic nitrogen (O-N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) control variations of Chl-a, and TB is related to SD. The CART model can specify trophic states only using two dominant driving factors, i.e. TP and Chl-a. The results of the CART illustrated that eutrophication could be occurred in the Shihmen Reservoir if TP is greater than 31.65 μg/L or if Chl-a is greater than 5.95 μg/L while TP concentration is less than 31.65 μg/L. Runoff nonpoint source pollution resulted from heavy storms may be the important factor affecting reservoir trophic states. Establishing vegetative filter strips along the riparian zone may able to effectively reduce this pollution in a reservoir. The integrated DFA and CART serves as good-fit relationships among trophic states, TSI factors, and water quality variables and provide control strategies for managing water quality in the Shihmen Reservoir. 相似文献
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