The radio frequency dielectric properties of the stratified UG1–UG2 geological unit in the Bushveld Complex     

Marc Rütschlin  Johannes H. Cloete  Iain M. Mason  Keith D. Palmer   《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2007,62(4):354-360

A new measurement technique enables the complex dielectric properties of the geological strata comprising the UG1–UG2 (Upper Group 1–Upper Group 2) unit of the Bushveld Complex in South Africa to be determined with unprecedented detail at radio frequencies (RF). Results of non-destructive laboratory measurements of representative diamond drill core samples from the UG1–UG2 unit are presented at 25 MHz. These data establish that the UG1 and UG2 chromitite layers are embedded in rock strata (norite, pyroxenite and anorthosite) which are translucent in the HF spectral band, whereas the chromitite layers themselves exhibit significant velocity contrast, making them good radar reflectors. The data presented here is useful for calibration of the radar system, and for predicting the range and resolution performance of borehole radars operating in both the hanging and footwalls of the economically important platiniferous UG2 reef.  相似文献   

Delineation of sulphide ore-zones by borehole radar tomography at Hellyer Mine, Australia     

Binzhong Zhou  Peter K. Fullagar   《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2001,47(3-4)

Velocity and absorption tomograms are the two most common forms of presentation of radar tomographic data. However, mining personnel, geophysicists included, are often unfamiliar with radar velocity and absorption. In this paper, general formulae are introduced, relating velocity and attenuation coefficient to conductivity and dielectric constant. The formulae are valid for lossy media as well as high-resistivity materials. The transformation of velocity and absorption to conductivity and dielectric constant is illustrated via application of the formulae to radar tomograms from the Hellyer zinc–lead–silver mine, Tasmania, Australia. The resulting conductivity and dielectric constant tomograms constructed at Hellyer demonstrated the potential of radar tomography to delineate sulphide ore zones.  相似文献   

混合物电导率和介电常数的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

李剑浩 《地球物理学报》1996,39(Z1):364-370

应用电场理论研究混合物的电性，得出了混合物的电导率公式和介电常数公式．这一结果表明：混合物的电导率决定于混合物各成分电导率的均值和方差；混合物的介电常数决定于混合物各成分介电常数的均值和方差．作为所得结果的应用，给出了岩石的电导率公式和介电常数公式．  相似文献   

一种新的实时电磁逆散射方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

张清河  肖柏勋  朱国强 《地球物理学报》2006,49(5):1546-1551

为解决介质圆柱体逆散射问题，提出一种新的在线逆散射方法,通过支持向量机将逆散射问题转化成一个回归估计问题. 该方法可应用于各种逆散射方面, 尤其是目标的几何与电磁参数重构和埋地目标探测. 文中首次将支持向量机方法应用到该领域，设置多个散射场的观测点，通过提取散射场的不同信息作为样本信息训练支持向量机, 建立了介质圆柱体的逆散射模型, 利用该模型重构了介质圆柱体的电磁参数，同时探测了埋地位置. 数值结果显示了该方法的有效性和准确性,为目标的实时逆散射研究提供了一种有效方法.  相似文献   

Development of a snow wetness inversion algorithm using polarimetric scattering power decomposition model     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2015

In this paper, a new snow wetness estimation model is proposed for full-polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. Surface and volume are the dominant scattering components in wet-snow conditions. The generalized four component polarimetric decomposition with unitary transformation (G4U) based generalized surface and volume parameters are utilized to invert snow surface and volume dielectric constants using the Bragg coefficients and Fresnel transmission coefficients respectively. The snow surface and volume wetness are then estimated using an empirical relationship. The effective snow wetness is derived from the weighted averaged surface and volume snow wetness. The weights are derived from the normalized surface and volume scattering powers obtained from the generalized full-polarimetric SAR decomposition method. Six Radarsat-2 fine resolution full-polarimetric datasets acquired over Himachal Pradesh, India along with the near-real time in situ measurements were used to validate the proposed model. The snow wetness derived from the SAR data by the proposed model with in situ measurements indicated that the absolute error at 95% confidence interval is 1.3% by volume.  相似文献   

黑河流域临泽盐碱化草地网格尺度多层土壤水分时空稳定性分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

冉有华  李新  王维真  晋锐 《地球科学进展》2009,24(7):817-824

定量分析半干旱环境下盐碱化草地类型土壤水分的时间稳定性,是开展土壤水分尺度时空转换的前提,同时也是水文研究的重要组成部分。基于"黑河遥感—地面同步试验"干旱水文试验区临泽草地加密观测区16个土壤水分剖面的逐日持续观测数据,利用平均相对偏差及相关系数方法,对网格尺度上多层土壤水分的时间稳定性进行了分析。初步表明:①在土壤水分监测点布设上,在相对长的时期内,能代表网络水平上平均土壤水分最优观测的点是存在的,最优观测点位置的选择需要先密后稀,并根据事先的加密观测结果进行稳定性分析,保留平均相对偏差接近于0且其标准差最小的点开展长期观测。②在90 m×90 m的网格尺度上,土壤水分的空间结构在40 cm深度以上各层的时间稳定性是类似的,但稳定程度不同,表层最不稳定。在40 cm以下基本上趋于稳定,空间异质性降低。③研究区所在环境下网格尺度土壤水分空间分布在时间上强烈相关,观测刚开始的几天与其它时期的相关性比较低,在平稳期相关性较好,不稳定性主要由降水或灌溉事件引起。同时,由于环境的复杂性及观测的误差,这种特殊类型土壤水分的时间稳定特征还需要进一步研究。  相似文献   

Estimation of snow density using full-polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2015

In this paper, a new snow density estimation methodology is proposed for full-polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The generalized four component polarimetric decomposition with unitary transformation (G4U) based generalized volume parameter is utilized to invert snowpack dielectric constant using the Fresnel transmission coefficients. The snow density is then estimated using an empirical relationship. Six Radarsat-2 fine resolution full-polarimetric C-band datasets were acquired over Himachal Pradesh, India. The near-real time in-situ measurements were collected with the satellite pass to validate the proposed method. The mean absolute error (MAE) of the proposed method is 0.027 g cm⁻³ and the root mean square error (RMSE) is 0.032 g cm⁻³. The snow density variation within a season were also analyzed using multi-temporal Radarsat-2 data.  相似文献   

High-resolution well-log derived dielectric properties of gas-hydrate-bearing sediments, Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope     

Y. Sun  D. GoldbergT. Collett  R. Hunter 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(2):450-459

A dielectric logging tool, electromagnetic propagation tool (EPT), was deployed in 2007 in the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well (Mount Elbert Well), North Slope, Alaska. The measured dielectric properties in the Mount Elbert well, combined with density log measurements, result in a vertical high-resolution (cm-scale) estimate of gas hydrate saturation. Two hydrate-bearing sand reservoirs about 20 m thick were identified using the EPT log and exhibited gas-hydrate saturation estimates ranging from 45% to 85%. In hydrate-bearing zones where variation of hole size and oil-based mud invasion are minimal, EPT-based gas hydrate saturation estimates on average agree well with lower vertical resolution estimates from the nuclear magnetic resonance logs; however, saturation and porosity estimates based on EPT logs are not reliable in intervals with substantial variations in borehole diameter and oil-based invasion.EPT log interpretation reveals many thin-bedded layers at various depths, both above and below the thick continuous hydrate occurrences, which range from 30-cm to about 1-m thick. Such thin layers are not indicated in other well logs, or from the visual observation of core, with the exception of the image log recorded by the oil-base microimager. We also observe that EPT dielectric measurements can be used to accurately detect fine-scale changes in lithology and pore fluid properties of hydrate-bearing sediments where variation of hole size is minimal. EPT measurements may thus provide high-resolution in-situ hydrate saturation estimates for comparison and calibration with laboratory analysis.  相似文献   

Identifying causes of ground-penetrating radar reflections using time-domain reflectometry and sedimentological analyses   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Remke L. Van Dam  & Wolfgang Schlager 《Sedimentology》2000,47(2):435-449

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a geophysical technique widely used to study the shallow subsurface and identify various sediment features that reflect electromagnetic waves. However, little is known about the exact cause of GPR reflections because few studies have coupled wave theory to petrophysical data. In this study, a 100- and 200-MHz GPR survey was conducted on aeolian deposits in a quarry. Time-domain reflectometry (TDR) was used to obtain detailed information on the product of relative permittivity (ɛ_r) and relative magnetic permeability (μ_r), which mainly controls the GPR contrast parameter in the subsurface. Combining TDR data and lacquer peels from the quarry wall allowed the identification of various relationships between sediment characteristics and ɛ_rμ_r. Synthetic radar traces, constructed using the TDR logs and sedimentological data from the lacquer peels, were compared with the actual GPR sections. Numerous peaks in ɛ_rμ_r, which are superimposed on a baseline value of 4 for dry sand, are caused by potential GPR reflectors. These increases in ɛ_rμ_r coincide with the presence of either organic material, having a higher water content and relative permittivity than the surrounding sediment, or iron oxide bands, enhancing relative magnetic permeability and causing water to stagnate on top of them. Sedimentary structures, as reflected in textural change, only result in possible GPR reflections when the volumetric water content exceeds 0·055. The synthetic radar traces provide an improved insight into the behaviour of radar waves and show that GPR results may be ambiguous because of multiples and interference.  相似文献   

电流变液中剪切模量的计算   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李向亭  王荣 《测绘学院学报》1999,(2)

利用自由能极限计算电流变液的剪切模量, 发现在一定物质参数范围内, 周期性ＢＣＴ 结构不再是电流变液的基态结构。讨论ＢＣＴ 结构为基态条件下, 固体材料的介电常数、固态和液态材料的体积比、小球间距对电流变液的影响。  相似文献