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1.
Global warming associated with climate change is one of the greatest challenges of today’s world. Increasing emissions of the greenhouse gas CO2 are considered as a major contributing factor to global warming. One regulating factor of CO2 exchange between atmosphere and land surface is vegetation. Measurements of land cover changes in combination with modelling the Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) can contribute to determine important sources and sinks of CO2.The aim of this study is to accurately model the GPP for a region in West Africa with a spatial resolution of 250 m, and the differentiation of GPP based on woody and herbaceous vegetation. For this purpose, the Regional Biomass Model (RBM) was applied, which is based on a Light Use Efficiency (LUE) approach. The focus was on the spatial enhancement of the RBM from the original 1000–250 m spatial resolution (RBM+). The adaptation to the 250 m scale included the modification of two main input parameters: (1) the fraction of absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR) based on the 1000 m MODIS MOD15A2 FPAR product which was downscaled to 250 m using MODIS NDVI time series; (2) the fractional cover of woody and herbaceous vegetation, which was improved by using a multi-scale approach. For validation and regional adjustments of GPP and the input parameters, in situ data from a climate station and eddy covariance measurements were integrated.The results of this approach show that the input parameters could be improved significantly: downscaling considerably reduces data gaps of the original FPAR product and the improved dataset differed less than 5.0% from the original data for cloud free regions. The RMSE of the fractional vegetation cover varied between 5.1 and 12.7%. Modelled GPP showed a slight overestimation in comparison to eddy covariance measurements. The in situ data was exceeded by 8.8% for 2005 and by 2.0% for 2006. The model results were converted to NPP and also agreed well with previous NPP measurements reported from different studies. Altogether a high accuracy and suitability of the regionally adjusted and downscaled model RBM+ can be concluded. The differentiation between vegetation growth forms allows a separation of long-term and short-term carbon storage based on woody and herbaceous vegetation, respectively. 相似文献
2.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(4):283-298
Abstract A long-term, consistent Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR) product is necessary to study the spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation dynamics associated with climatic changes and human activities. In this study, Eurasia was selected as the study area. The relationship between FPAR and simple infrared/red ratio relationship (SR FPAR), and that between Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) FPAR and a Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) look-up table (LUT FPAR) were employed to estimate FPAR from 1982 to 2006 by different land cover types, focusing on the comparisons of spatiotemporal FPAR patterns between the two FPAR datasets. The results showed high agreement between MODIS standard FPAR and estimated FPAR in seasonal dynamics with peak values in July. The LUT FPAR was close to MODIS standard FPAR and larger than SR FPAR. The SR and LUT FPAR showed the same spatial distribution and inter-annual variation patterns and were primarily determined by land cover types. An overall increasing trend in FPAR was observed from 1982 to 2006, with reductions from 1991 to 1994 and 2000 to 2002. The inter-annual dynamics in evergreen broadleaf forests showed a decreasing trend over 25 years, while non-forest vegetation FPAR values had slow, stable growth in inter-annual variation. 相似文献
3.
植被光合有效辐射吸收比率FPAR（Fraction of absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation）反映了植被冠层的光学特性，是表征植被光合作用水平和生长状态的重要参量，因此成为全球变化研究中多种过程模型的重要输入参数。随着定量遥感研究的深入和新型传感器的使用，从区域到全球尺度上的FPAR遥感估算方法不断提出，多样化的遥感FPAR产品越来越多地应用于碳循环、能量循环、生产力估算及作物估产等研究领域。本文梳理了遥感估算的植被光合有效辐射的相关概念和算法，并着重对过去十年间遥感估算FPAR的新进展进行了系统总结和探讨。研究表明，近年来FPAR遥感的研究工作一方面聚焦于对现有算法的改进与各类型产品的验证，更多的研究则侧重于FPAR概念体系的拓展，叶片、叶绿素水平的FPAR估算，直射光、散射光的FPAR建模等新方向逐渐成为研究热点。 相似文献
4.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(5):439-455
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to develop Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Global Inventory Modelling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI; AVHRR GIMMS NDVI for short) based fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) from 1982 to 2006 and focus on their seasonal and spatial patterns analysis. The available relationship between FPAR and NDVI was used to calculate FPAR values from 1982 to 2006 and validated by Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) FPAR product. Then, the seasonal dynamic patterns were analysed, as well as the driving force of climatic factors. Results showed that there was an agreement between FPAR values from this study and those of the MODIS product in seasonal dynamic, and the spatial patterns of FPAR vary with vegetation type distribution and seasonal cycles. The time series of average FPAR revealed a strong seasonal variation, regular periodic variations from January 1982 to December 2006, and opposite patterns between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Evergreen vegetation FPAR values were close to 0.7. A clear single-peak curve was observed between 30°N and 80°N – an area covered by deciduous vegetation. In the Southern Hemisphere, the time series fluctuations of FPAR averaged by 0.7° latitude zones were not clear compared to those in the Northern Hemisphere. A significant positive correlation (P<0.01) was observed between the seasonal variation of temperature and precipitation and FPAR over most other global meteorological sites. 相似文献
5.
Absorption of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by vegetation was observed in two burned black spruce forests, one and seven years after wildfire, in interior Alaska along with several vegetation properties. This study considered PAR absorption by mosses by examining the relationship between PAR transmittance and fractional coverage of green vegetation. Our results suggest that mosses absorbed a considerable fraction of incoming PAR in the burned forests, which cannot be neglected in evaluating the fraction of absorbed PAR (FPAR). The relationships between FPAR and vegetation indices revealed that enhanced vegetation index (EVI) may be suitable for expressing the spatial and temporal variation of FPAR, regardless of stand age after wildfire. The comparison between the observed in situ FPAR and FPAR derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS FPAR) clearly showed that MODIS FPAR was highly overestimated. The most likely reason for the overestimation was identified as misclassification of land cover type. The current regional estimation of photosynthesis in boreal region based on the light-use efficiency approach and MODIS FPAR is probably overestimated, and an accurate distribution of FPAR is desired for clarifying the regional carbon exchange in boreal forests. 相似文献
6.
Estimating fraction of photosynthetically active radiation of corn with vegetation indices and neural network from hyperspectral data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The fraction of photosynthetically active radiation(FPAR) is a key variable in the assessment of vegetation productivity and land ecosystem carbon cycles.Based on ground-measured corn hyperspectral reflectance and FPAR data over Northeast China,the correlations between corn-canopy FPAR and hyperspectral reflectance were analyzed,and the FPAR estimation performances using vegetation index(VI) and neural network(NN) methods with different two-band-combination hyperspectral reflectance were investigated.The results indicated that the corncanopy FPAR retained almost a constant value in an entire day.The negative correlations between FPAR and visible and shortwave infrared reflectance(SWIR) bands are stronger than the positive correlations between FPAR and near-infrared band reflectance(NIR).For the six VIs,the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) and simple ratio(SR) performed best for estimating corn FPAR(the maximum R2 of 0.8849 and 0.8852,respectively).However,the NN method esti-mated results(the maximum R2 is 0.9417) were obviously better than all of the VIs.For NN method,the two-band combinations showing the best corn FPAR estimation performances were from the NIR and visible bands;for VIs,however,they were from the SWIR and NIR bands.As for both the methods,the SWIR band performed exceptionally well for corn FPAR estimation.This may be attributable to the fact that the reflectance of the SWIR band were strongly controlled by leaf water content,which is a key component of corn photosynthesis and greatly affects the absorption of photosynthetically active radiation(APAR),and makes further impact on corn-canopy FPAR. 相似文献
7.
植物吸收性光合有效辐射分量（FPAR）的遥感反演是生态环境领域的核心研究内容之一,但在复杂地形山区,其估算精度严重受到地形效应的影响（包括本影与落影）。本文利用能够消除地形阴影影响的阴影消除植被指数（SEVI）对山区遥感影像进行FPAR反演,并分别与基于不同影像预处理程度计算的归一化植被指数（NDVI）、比值型植被指数（RVI）反演的FPAR做对比分析,以评估复杂山区反演FPAR存在的地形效应。结果表明：在不做地形校正的情况下,基于NDVI与RVI反演FPAR会使得本影及落影区域的值远小于非阴影区域的值,它们的相对误差均大于70%;基于C校正后的NDVI与RVI反演FPAR可以较好地校正本影区域,相对误差降至约6.974%,但落影处的校正效果不明显,相对误差约为48.133 %;而基于SEVI反演FPAR无需DEM数据的支持,可以达到经FLAASH+C组合校正后NDVI与RVI反演FPAR相似的结果,且能改善落影区域的地形校正效果,相对误差降至约2.730%。 相似文献
8.
遥感提取植物生理参数LAI/FPAR的研究进展与应用 总被引：19，自引：2，他引：17
植物生理参数LAI/FPAR是2个重要的陆地特征参量。利用遥感光谱模型并结合地面验证是提取区域尺度的LAI/FPAR最有效的途径。提取LAI/FPAR的模型主要有光谱指数模型和辐射传输模型两类,经过精确的辐射标定和大气纠正的遥感数据可以得到较高精度的LAI/FPAR数据。影响LAI/FPAR精度的因素很多,其中主要因素是像元的异质性、植被类型和物候期等。LAI/FPAR与作物产量有更直接的关系,也是大量作物生长模型的基础,利用这些参数可以实现真实的作物产量预测,特别是开展全球尺度的单产预测。 相似文献
9.
叶绿素吸收的光合有效辐射比率的遥感估算模型研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
光合有效辐射比率（FPAR）是陆地生态系统碳循环研究的重要参数。根据FPAR的物理意义，本文提出了有效FPAR的概念：即叶绿素吸收的FPAR（FPARchl），利用模拟数据建立了有效FPAR信息模型。探讨了基于叶绿素含量估算有效FPAR的可行性，为进一步采用有效FPAR来估算NPP／GPP提供思路和途径。利用实测数据对有效FPAR模型进行验证表明：（1）叶片吸收的FPAR（FPARleaf）与有效FPAR（FPARchl）之间的差异较大。FPARchl通常不足FPARleaf的50％，两者之间虽存在一定的相关性，而这种相关性是非线性的；（2）叶绿素含量与FPARleaf的相关性较高，而与FPARchl的相关性更高，基于叶绿素含量可以以较高的精度估算FPARleaf和FPARchl经过验证，估算的平均相对误差分别为2．90％和6．6％；（3）应用模拟数据建立的FPARleaf及有效FPAR模型均在叶绿素含量大于20μg／cm。时估算的精度较高，而低于20μg／cm^2时估算的精度较低，本文中叶绿素含量大于20μg／cm^2的60个样本的FPARleaf及FPARchl的估算的平均相对误差，分别为1．79％和5．07％。 相似文献
10.
基于偏最小二乘法的玉米FPAR高光谱反演模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以ASD FR便携式光谱仪与LI-191SA光量子仪对吉林中西部的玉米田进行多次观测,采集到123组有效数据,基于偏最小二乘法(PLS)对玉米FPAR进行高光谱反演。对可见光与近红外光谱(400～1 500nm)进行分析并建立反演模型,对FPAR预测效果进行验证,验证模型的R2为0.785,RMSE为0.117;同时进行了玉米FPAR与光谱反射率、反射率一阶导数之间的关系分析及植被指数与玉米FPAR之间的回归分析。研究结果表明,PLS方法建立的模型可有效地从玉米高光谱反射率数据反演出FPAR含量,反演结果精度较植被指数高。 相似文献