The action of chlorine on the ozone layer as given by a zonally averaged two-dimensional model     

G. Brasseur  M. Bertin 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,117(3):436-447

In order to study the behavior of stratospheric minor constituents related to aeronomic processes and atmospheric transport in the meridional plane, a numerical two-dimensional model is established.This model is applied to the study of chlorine compounds in the stratosphere. A special attention is devoted to the effect in the ozonosphere of an increase of CIX due to anthropogenic activities.  相似文献   

Depth profiles of chlorofluoromethanes in the Norwegian sea     

A. Hahne  A. Volz  D. H. Ehhalt  H. Cosatto  W. Roether  W. Weiss  B. Kromer 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,116(2-3):575-582

Depth profiles of the chlorofluoromethanes (CFM), CFCl₃ and CF₂Cl₂, have been obtained together with tritium profiles from water samples collected in the Norwegian Sea between surface and 2800 m depth. CFM analysis was performed by vacuum extraction of the dissolved gases from 500 ml samples of seawater and subsequent gaschromatographic measurement. The CFM concentration decreases with depth to about 10 percent of surface concentration at depths below 2000 m. The same behaviour is found for the tritium content. From a correlation of the CFM and tritium concentration the upper limit of the preindustrial atmospheric CFM levels can be estimated to 5 percent of the present day concentrations.  相似文献   

Vertical distribution of chlorofluoromethanes in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere     

W. Seiler  F. Müller  H. Oeser 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,116(2-3):554-566

Vertical profiles of CCl₄, CFCl₃, and CF₂Cl₂ mixing ratios in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere have been measured on four flights with chartered aircraft, type HS 125. The flights were carried out in November and December 1976 over Europe at latitudes between 50 and 60°N. At least eight air samples were taken during each ascent and descent of the aircraft at altitudes between 7 and 12.5 km. The samples were analysed in the laboratory using gaschromatographic procedures. The results indicate a decrease of the CCl₄, CFCl₃, and CF₂Cl₂ mixing ratios above the tropopause. The observed average gradients in the stratosphere are 14 pptv/km for CCl₄, 12 pptv/km for CFCl₃ and 27.8 pptv/km for CF₂Cl₂. With exception of CFCl₃ these gradients are higher than those predicted by model calculations. Apparently, further sink mechanisms for CCl₄ and CF₂Cl₂ exist in the lower stratosphere not yet included in the models.  相似文献   

The vertical distribution of CFM and related species in the stratosphere     

A. Volz  D. H. Ehhalt  H. Cosatto 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,116(2-3):545-553

Available data on halogenated molecules in the stratosphere will be reviewed. Presently vertical profiles of CFCl₃ and CF₂Cl₂ in the stratosphere exist to 50 km altitude. Only measurements in the lower stratosphere are reported for the other major halocarbons, CCl₄ and CH₃Cl. Profiles of the product species ClO, Cl, HCl, and HF exist to about 35 km.Comparison with theoretical profiles from 1-D models shows generally good agreement except for ClO where the earliest measured concentrations exceed the calculated ones considerably.  相似文献