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1.
C. Christiansen F. Gertz M. J. C. Laima L. C. Lund-Hansen T. Vang C. Jürgensen 《Environmental Geology》1997,29(1-2):66-77
The yearly nutrient supply from land and atmosphere to the study area in SW Kattegat is 10 900 tons of N and 365 tons of
P. This is only few percent of the supply from adjacent marine areas, as the yearly transport through the study area is 218 000
tons of N and 18 250 tons of P. Yearly net deposition makes up 1340 tons of N (on average 2.5 g m–2 yr–1) and 477 ton of P (on average 0.9 g m–2 yr–1). Shallow-water parts of the study area have no net deposition because of frequent (>35% of the year) resuspension. Resuspension
frequency in deep water is <1% of the year. Resuspension rates, as averages for the study area, are 10–17 times higher than
net deposition rates. Because of resuspension, shallow-water sediments are coarse lag deposits with small amounts of organic
matter (1.1%) and nutrients (0.04% N and 0.02% P). Deep-water sediments, in contrast, are fine grained with high levels of
organic matter (11.7%) and nutrients (0.43% N and 0.15% P). Laboratory studies showed that resuspension changes the diffusive
sediment water fluxes of nutrients, oxygen consumption, and penetration into the sediment. Fluxes of dissolved reactive phosphate
from sediment to water after resuspension were negative in organic-rich sediments (13.2% organic matter) with low porosity
(56) and close to zero in coarse sediments with a low organic matter content (2.3%) and high porosity (73). Fluxes of inorganic
N after resuspension were reduced to 70% and 0–20% in relation to the rates before resuspension, respectively.
Received: 10 July 1995 · Accepted: 19 January 1996 相似文献
2.
This paper brings together unpublished historical data sets and published literature to review the role of climatic, oceanographic and ecological processes in the marine ecosystem of the eastern Canadian Archipelago. Physical data include characteristics of the water masses, circulation patterns, sea ice conditions, and climatic records from 1950s onward. Biological data include unpublished data sets on nutrients, primary and secondary production, and sedimentation, which were collected during the 1980–1990s in the eastern Canadian Archipelago. These results show high year-to-year variability in nutrient inventories and ratios, the magnitude of the ice algae and phytoplankton bloom, the timing of ice algae sedimentation in the spring, and the composition of the zooplankton community. The significance of this high interannual variability and its effect on pelagic–benthic coupling processes is discussed in the context of climatic and oceanographic forcing, with emphasis on recent (past decade) Arctic changes. An estimate of total primary production in the Archipelago is also presented, along with published production estimates for other Arctic shelves, showing that the Archipelago may support up to 32% of the total primary production of Arctic shelves. The high year-to-year variability in production and carbon transfer pathways (e.g. pelagic versus benthic) in the Archipelago suggest that the system might be resilient to the increased variability in climatic conditions occurring in the past decade. However, this increased variability combined with directional change in climatic and oceanographic conditions might also modify the existing balance of ecological processes. For example, shifts in the timing of events appear to have already occurred in the past decade, with potential cascading effects throughout the ecosystem. 相似文献
3.
4.
Robert Gilbert Sarah Crookshanks Kyle R. Hodder John Spagnol Roland B. Stull 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2006,35(4):737-745
Severe rainfall in mid October, 2003 produced the largest floods in almost a century of record on rivers in the Cordillera
of southwestern British Columbia. Sediment deposited in Lillooet Lake as a result of this event is clearly distinguished by
stratigraphy, colour, texture, magnetic properties, and organic content. Each of these physical properties is related to the
lacustrine processes, especially turbid underflow, that distributed the sediment through the lake. The flood, which lasted
less than a week, delivered 8–12 times the amount of sediment that accumulates in most entire years in the deepest, central
parts of the lake. Recognition of events of this type in the stratigraphic record offers a means of assessing the changing
nature of extreme hydroclimatic events, and their relation to more ubiquitous, lower-energy processes. 相似文献
5.
XU Guobin Senior Research Engineer Tianjin Institute of Hydroelectric Investigation Design Research Ministry of Water Resources. Dongting Road Hexi District Tianjin P R. China. BAI Shilu Senior Research Engineer Tianjin Institute o 《国际泥沙研究》1997,(3)
I.INTRODUCTIONReseri,oirsonoverloadedriverswillreachthestateofrelativeequilibriumwithcontinuousdevelopmentofsedimentation.Insuchcase,thereisdePOsitinfrontofthedam.Thereforethesiltpressureonthedambodyisconsiderablylarge.Sedimentationelevationinfrontofthedamisoneofthefactorsofcalculatingthesiltpressure.Inaddition,tokeeplong-termworkingstorageinreservoif,itisnecessarytoinstallbottomoutlets.Asthereisapressureconduitinfrontoftheoperatinggateofthebottomoutlet,thesedimelltenteredtheconduitwill… 相似文献
6.
Sediment origin and budget in Sepetiba Bay (Brazil) - an approach based on multielemental analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sediment origin and transport were determined in a shallow 447 km2 coastal lagoon in Brazil, using the distribution of major elements in bottom and suspended sediments. Applying multivariate
analysis, the sum of normalized concentrations of Ti, Fe, and Al in sediments was selected to trace the terrigenous influence
in bottom sediments, whereas Ca, Si, and K were used as indicators of marine influence. Sepetiba Bay bottom sediments are
dominated by up to 80% terrigenous inputs. The open bay sediments are enriched in P, Mg, K, and Ca because of the intensive
water column primary production. The inner bay forms an independent circulation cell with a predominance of terrigenous sediments.
The results suggest a long residence time for particles in the bay, demonstrated by the magnitude of resuspension flux compared
to the total sediment input to the bay.
Received: 29 May 1996 · Accepted: 17 December 1996 相似文献
7.
秦岭被商丹缝合带分为北秦岭和南秦岭两个部分,在北秦岭南缘残留着与俯冲作用相关的岛弧火山岩以及弧前沉积体。对沿海丹带两个地区(黑河地区和黑山地区)弧前沉积体岩相组合和相序的研究显示,它们主要由深水浊积岩系。火山碎屑岩,扇三角洲沉积以及局限性台地碳酸盐岩和陆棚碎屑岩组成。总的沉积序列显示向上变浅趋势,但在弧前内侧边缘则表现为向上变深趋势。两个不同地区岩相和相序的差异明显受物源、海平面变化以及特别是构造作用的挫制。深水浊积岩系所反映的线状物源供给形式、扇三角洲体系的发育和其内部不同沉积段反复重叠的特征指示一种活动构造环境。弧前区构造发展一方面与其前部加积或下部垫底作用有关,另一方面则在很大程度上受由斜向俯冲而导致的伸展作用的影响。 相似文献
8.
通过实例推导幂函数对建筑物沉降进行回归分析,并且得出较为精确的结果,同时也说明在选择回归函数的时候,还会受到很多条件影响。 相似文献
9.
基于神经网络的建筑物沉降原因分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在我们应用回归方法对建筑物沉降原因分析及沉降趋势的预测中,由于实际情况的复杂性及主观认识的局限性,这样所得的结果含有较多的人为因素,可能会与实际情况有所差异。针对这种情况,讨论了应用神经网络方法来发现和验证引起建筑物沉降的因素及对沉降趋势的预测。实例表明,该方法能取得较好的效果。 相似文献
10.
This paper describes palynological evidence for what appears to be comparatively large-scale human impact in the catchment of the Sungai Niah in the wet tropical lowland swamp forests of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo close to the Great Cave of Niah. Pollen associated with cleared landscapes and rice cultivation is evident in the sedimentary record from before 6000 cal yr B.P. Human activity seems to have been associated with changes in sedimentary regime, with peat-dominated environments being replaced diachronously by clay-dominated deposition. This may reflect anthropogenic soil erosion in the catchment of the Sungai Niah. 相似文献