排序方式： 共有25条查询结果，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
复杂等高线自动综合是计算机辅助制图领域中一项重要且难度较大的任务。本文根据分形理论的基本原理，提出了一种基于量化等高线形状结构特征的复杂等高线自动综合的新方法。研究和实验表明，该方法充分顾及了地貌形态特征，能够对等高线图形进行客观、有效地概括。 相似文献
2.
强震前地震多重分形谱的异常及其物理解释：以乌什研究区为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用有关软件分析新疆乌针研究区地震活动时间分布的多重分形谱Ｄｑ－ｑ和ｆ（ａ）－ａ。发现两次６级强震发生前，多重分形谱发生显著变化。主要特征是对一定的ｑ区间奇异性强度因子ａ取值变宽，Ｄｑ－ｑ曲线变陡，ｆ（ａ）－ａ的左端点或右端点下降。 相似文献
3.
Analysis And Simulation Of Surface-Layer Winds Using Multiplicative Cascade Models With Self-Similar Probability Densities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Statistical analysis techniques based on multiplicative cascades are investigated for use with surface-layer wind data sets collected in the atmospheric boundary layer over flat farm land. The data were found to exhibit multiscaling statistics, allowing the surface-layer winds to be simulated with the use of multiplicative random cascades. The study found evidence that, for the surface-layer at least, these cascade models (andhence the methods of multifractal analysis) should be applied in separate ways to the microscale inertial range, and the mesoscale. This is at odds with the view found in the existing literature, which proposes a `universal multifractal' model to replace the widely held view that there exists separate microscale, mesoscale and synoptic scales for which the processes governing each are different. At least two separate ranges of scaling are suggested for surface-layer wind data, corresponding to the microscale inertial range and the mesoscale. For the case of the mesoscale range, a self-similar distribution of weighting factors was found for the wind speed data themselves, rather than for an intermediate (dissipation) field, as is required for themicroscale data. 相似文献
4.
Statistical self-similarity in the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall, river networks, and runoff processes has been observed in many empirical studies. To theoretically investigate the relationships between the various time and space scales of variability in rainfall and runoff process we propose a simplified, yet physically based model of a catchment–rainfall interaction. The channel network is presented as a random binary tree, having topological and hydraulic geometry properties typically observed in real river networks. The continuous rainfall model consists of individual storms separated by dry periods. Each given storm is disaggregated in space and time using the random cascade model. The flow routing is modelled by the network of topologically connected nonlinear reservoirs, each representing a link in the channel network. Running the model for many years of synthetic rainfall time series and a continuous water balance model we generate an output, in the form of continuous time series of water discharge in all links in the channel network. The main subject of study is the annual peak flow as a function of catchment area and various characteristics of rainfall. The model enables us to identify different physical processes responsible for the empirically observed scaling properties of peak flows. 相似文献
5.
6.
分形美学以一种新观念和方法研究城市美学,通过建立简单分形模型探讨和度量城市的不规则性和复杂性,使山地城市美学研究从定性走向定量,从模糊走向科学。山地城市与平原城市比较,在地形地貌、空间形态和景观格局等方面表现出了独特的分形美学特征。 相似文献
7.
8.
水是包括海洋大气在内的地球生态系统中极重要又有很多特殊性的物质。其特性的成因尚远非清晰。本文提出一种水分子(H_2O)结构及其固态液态水体的结构模式,探讨和模拟计算了其若干特征的成因,结果能较好符合实测值。(1)从氢(H)氧(O)原子结构和电子绕各原子核及相互绕行规律的等概率随机轨道中实现符合库伦力和开普勒运动规律的优势轨道耦合成平均状态稳定的准刚性的水分子结构。其核心是O原子与等距离分立其两侧的2个H原子构成的等腰三角形,其间距平方之比(H-H)_2/(H-O)_2=2.5;电子云活动空间为1个由4个等边三角形为面构成具有6个等长稜的正四面锥体结构水分子模式(可简称"水分子正锥体模式");该模式具有很大电偶极矩。(2)水分子的端点间在约0.27 nm距离内可以按"+""-"电荷吸引原则耦合。6个水分子将按正、负电荷对接耦合,连接成六边环形"壁"的"笼式隧道空间",可容纳其他物质,无电荷显示,电导率极地。(3)在空气中0℃以下凝结冰晶时三维不对称,"薄片"的雪花形成概率更大,其形态也按自相似原则体现了水分子结构的六角六边六针形的特征。(4)液态水分子维持固态水冰的"冰/水笼"结构模式,但由于2个氢原子上的电子同时到达1个"-"电荷端的概率为1/11,当0℃以上部份水分子能摆脱框架水分子束缚后,可以再耦合一个从框架上"脱落"的"自由水分子"使其进入水笼,从而水容积缩小;固体冰和液态水的密度之比为11/12=0.916 667。自由水分子和水笼框架上的水分子可以随时互换(在10-5s时间尺度上),并适应固体壁的形态,既是不可压缩,又有柔软、可变形特点;水在0~100℃时的空/占比达2.28,模式可解译高温高压的水汽中检测到2.16 g·cm-3,水热传导系数很大,比热容量很大,有"异常"的U形特点,且液态水的比热容量略大于固态水冰的热容量的1/2等特征。(5)讨论了水对O_2、H_2S、NaCl、KCl等的溶解度随温度变化的若干特征的成因和计算模式。通过NaCl饱和溶液实验,证实了本文模式。(6)与液态水体表面特征有关的特点及本文实际应用将在随后续文中讨论。 相似文献
9.
Chjeng-Lun SHIEH Chih-Ming TSENG and Shaohua Marko HSUProfessor Department of Hydraulics Ocean Engineering Director Disaster Prevention Research Center National Cheng-Kung University Tainan Taiwan China. Ph.D. Candidate Department of H 《国际泥沙研究》2001,16(1)
l INTRODUCTlONIn this study, formation of alluvial deltas was treated as a river-dominated type of topograPhy process,caused simply by sediment deposition from a channel into a wide basin. The influences of waves, tides,and density differences related to coastal effects were excluded. There have been numerous experimentalstUdies on river delta problems. For examPle, Shieh et al. (1988, 1997) used coarse sediment asexperimental material and revealed the development and the geometric simil… 相似文献
10.
K. G. McNaughton 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2004,111(1):1-18
We investigate the production components of turbulent spectra within logarithmic layers over flat ground. This assumes that the turbulence giving rise to these spectra consists of active coherent structures (eddies) that are attached to the ground, and whose properties display perfect statistical self-similarity under inner scaling. That is, we take the extreme view that active coherent structures not only contribute to turbulence production spectra but explain the whole of them, so that neither detached eddies nor unstructured motions make any significant contribution. Perfect self-similarityis held to apply only to eddies that are themselves formed totally within the log layer, so the theory applies in the limit of spectra obtained at the hearts of very deep log layers. The model predicts that spectral variance and covariance should become independent of wavenumber at small wavenumbers. This asymptotic behaviour is observed in all neutral spectra from the Kansas experiment. The model also interprets the various positions of the spectral peaks observed at Kansas and in aircraft flights over the sea as consequences of the eddies being aggregated into files aligned with the wind. The observed spectra are therefore consistent with large-scale wedge-like structures being the principal component of active turbulence in the neutral atmospheric surface layer. 相似文献