非等间距GM(1,1)模型的总体最小二乘算法及其病态问题     

陶武勇  花向红  鲁铁定  陈西江  张伟 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(1):45-50

在非等间距GM(1,1)模型中，系数矩阵中有无误差的常数项和有误差的随机项，并且系数矩阵与观测向量误差同源，即系数矩阵与观测向量中有相同的元素存在，这些相同元素应该有相同的改正数，为此本文推导了一种适合非等间距GM(1,1)模型求解的总体最小二乘算法。同时，考虑到非等间距GM(1,1)模型中存在病态问题时影响总体最小二乘计算结果的稳定性，提出对系数矩阵常数列乘以某一常数的方法，以改善病态问题。  相似文献   

Smectite formation in metalliferous sediments near the East Pacific Rise at 13°N   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

荣坤波  曾志刚  殷学博  陈帅  王晓媛  齐海燕  马瑶 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(9):67-81

A 43 cm long E271 sediment core collected near the East Pacific Rise(EPR) at 13°N were studied to investigate the origin of smectite for understanding better the geochemical behavior of hydrothermal material after deposition.E271 sediments are typical metalliferous sediments. After removal of organic matter, carbonate, biogenic opal,and Fe-Mn oxide by a series of chemical procedures, clay minerals(2 μm) were investigated by X-ray diffraction,chemical analysis and Si isotope analysis. Due to the influence of seafloor hydrothermal activity and close to continent, the sources of clay minerals are complex. Illite, chlorite and kaolinite are suggested to be transported from either North or Central America by rivers or winds, but smectite is authigenic. It is enriched in iron, and its contents are highest in clay minerals. Data show that smectite is most likely formed by the reaction of hydrothermal Fe-oxyhydroxide with silica and seawater in metalliferous sediments. The Si that participates in this reaction may be derived from siliceous microfossils(diatoms or radiolarians), hydrothermal fluids, or detrital mineral phases. And their δ30 Si values are higher than those of authigenic smectites, which implies that a Si isotope fractionation occurs during the formation because of the selective absorption of light Si isotopes onto Feoxyhydroxides. Sm/Fe mass ratios(a proxy for overall REE/Fe ratio) in E271 clay minerals are lower than those in metalliferous sediments, as well as distal hydrothermal plume particles and terrigenous clay minerals. This result suggests that some REE are lost during the smectite formation, perhaps because their large ionic radii of REE scavenged by Fe-oxyhydroxides preclude substitution in either tetrahedral or octahedral lattice sites of this mineral structure, which decreases the value of metalliferous sediments as a potential resource for REE.  相似文献   

杭州湾中部实测波浪特性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨斌  杨忠良  叶钦  张俊彪  施伟勇 《海洋工程》2018,36(3):96-103

利用杭州湾中部一年实测波浪资料,分析该地区的波参数统计变化特性,采用最小二乘法拟合得出相关参数之间的关系式,并统计分析了频谱特性。结果表明:杭州湾中部以小浪和轻浪为主,在各月分布较为均匀,年平均周期为2.97 s;最大一次波浪过程为冷空气影响所致,影响强度大于台风莫拉克;常浪向分布在东北至东南向,其中又以小浪出现较多,对应的波周期以2~4 s为主;强浪向主要分布在西北和东北方向,对应的波周期主要分布在3~5 s;多数特征波参数之间相关关系较好;由谱分析得知风浪占多数,且以单峰为主。研究结果可为相关工程和理论研究提供基础资料。  相似文献   

用实测波浪数据确定JONSWAP谱参数     

付昱华 《海洋通报》1994,13(2):7-12

本文给出应用实测波浪数据确定JONSWAP谱参数的方法，若Hs,Tz,Tc分别为实的有效波高，平均上跨零线周期，平均峰－峰周期并令y=Tz/Tc，本文导出求解谱参数γ值的方程f（γ，y）＝0。根据这个方程的解并应用最小二乘法，γ作为y的函数的表达式可写为（对于2.54≤γ≤15.34及1.6≤y≤1.79）。  相似文献   

辽西八家子多金属矿床的成因研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨占兴 《辽宁地质》1994,(3):193-225

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都庞岭花岗岩的基本特征及成因分析     

干国樑  陈志雄  余凤鸣  何龙清  张相训  卢光豪 《南方国土资源》1990,(2)

都庞岭复式岩体由加里东期、印支期和燕山早期花岗岩组成。通过工作我们认为燕山早期花岩可分为第一次和第一次,其中第一次花岗岩与Sn矿成矿关系最为密切。从早到晚,花岗岩由二花岗岩→钾长花岗岩→二长花岗岩→钠长花岗岩,云母由镁黑云母→铁黑云母→黑磷云母;岩浆体向酸度增高的方向演化,伴随着碱度的增高,由富钾渐变为富钠;微量元素上,岩浆逐渐贫SrBa、Cl、Sc,富Li、Rb、W、Sn、Mo、Bi、Nb、Ta、F、B;从早到晚,花岗岩LRB含量和LREE/HREE、δEu值不断降低,HREE含量不断增高。本区花岗岩为地壳重熔岩浆断分异演化的产物,形成于相对还原环境。  相似文献   

西秦岭温泉花岗岩体岩石学特征及岩浆混合标志   总被引：14，自引：5，他引：9  

李永军  李注苍  丁仨平  刘志武  李民贤  李金宝 《地球科学与环境学报》2004,26(3):7-12

温泉花岗岩体由酸性端元的寄主岩石和暗色微细粒镁铁质包体群及基性岩墙群组成。无岩浆混合作用或岩浆混合作用较弱区段，寄主岩石以似斑状二长花岗岩为主．显示正常的花岗岩结构构造岩浆混合作用强烈区段。岩石的异常结构构造十分发育．矿物之间自形程度差异显著．常见包晶反应、包含结构、交代边、熔蚀边、交代蚕食的港湾状结构构造及交代缝合线、矿物镶边、斜长石异常环带和矿物残留等，多见指示岩浆混合的标志性矿物针状磷灰石。暗色微粒包体中多见寄主二长花岗岩中的捕掳晶。包体的形态、结构构造以及与寄主岩石强烈地成分交换等均是岩浆混合作用的标志。  相似文献   

Raman microspectrometry, FT-IR and inclusion characteristics of gem garnets from Tanzania and Madagascar     

Sang-konKim Maeng-eonPark Seung-gyunBaek Kyu-youlSung Sun-okKim Hee-yulPark 《东北亚地学研究》2004,7(2):125-135

Chemical composition, Raman microspectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-1R) and SEM-CL (Cathodluminescence) analyses are carried out for Tanzania and Madagascar garnets for locality identification. Inclusion study was sustained after electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Needle-like illmenites, apatites and zircons were the most common solid inclusions in Tanzania garnets. Madagascar garnets revealed rutile needles and apatites were also observed, but differences in size, shape and distribution patterns were noticed compared to Tanzania garnets. Tanzania garnets exhibited all types of observable fluid inclusions such as ““ fingerprint““ pattern, called Type Ⅰ-A, liquid-only (L) single phase fluid inclusion, called Type Ⅰ-B and Type Ⅱ-A ( L S), Type Ⅱ-B ( L V) and Type Ⅲ-A (L Sylvite even if all examined garnets from three localities retained ““fingerprint““ features, so called, partially healed fractures, in common. Chemical composition, Raman microspectrometry and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis taken turned out to be useful methods for the purpose of this study. Using consequences of SEM-CL and inclusion study, accordingly, the locality identification of gem-quality garnets is capable of being available in further application for other kinds of gemstones.  相似文献   

一种基于特征信息的车牌识别方法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

胡强  楼新远  段国兵 《成都信息工程学院学报》2004,19(3):345-348

根据中国车辆牌照本身的现有特征信息,提出一种车牌识别方法.采用全局动态阈值法进行二值化处理图像,牌照定位算法简单迅速,字符分割参考垂直投影间隔和字符的纵横比.实验结果表明,这种方法具有良好的环境适应性和鲁棒性.  相似文献   

稀土元素在含矿花岗岩矿物中的分配   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Р.  АК 檀国平 《地质科学译丛》1992,9(2):68-76

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