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太湖流域重污染区土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过对太湖流域重污染区1999年、2007年遥感影像数据解译结果的分析,获取了太湖流域重污染区主要土地利用类型的信息,分析了8 a来研究区内土地利用与覆被变化趋势,对区域土地利用类型的生态系统服务价值进行评估。结果表明,1999~2007年,太湖流域重污染区内耕地面积从2 033.53 km2减少到1 401.04 km2,而林地、建设用地、园地、水域总体呈增加的趋势,其中减少的耕地主要转化为建设用地。1999~2007年太湖流域重污染区的生态系统服务价值呈减少趋势,土地利用变化使研究区生态资产减少了2.40亿元,除气体调节和原材料以外,各单项服务功能的价值量均呈现递减的趋势。 相似文献
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本文利用室内电阻率测试的方法研究了研究了饱和土和不饱和土两类土中含油污水的侵入量对其导电性的影响.测试结果表明,对于不饱和土,含油污水的侵入会改变土的饱和度从而引起其电阻率的降低,侵入量越大其电阻率越低;而饱和土的电阻率随含油污水侵入量的增大而增大直到趋于稳定.基于此,通过室内模拟土层污染和野外实地观测污染土层的方式研究了含油污水污染不同饱和度土层的电剖面异常特征,在不饱和土层中污染区域表现为相对低阻异常区而在饱和土层中表现为相对高阻异常区.通过对比不同时期的监测结果显示异常区的范围随污染区的变化而变化,并可反映出污染区的实际分布.文章分析了利用电阻率法进行含油污水污染地下介质调查的几个模糊点,对提高探测效果具有指导意义. 相似文献
4.
Water pollution in the Taihu Lake Basin has been the focus of attention in China and abroad for a long time, due to its position in the forefront of urban development in China. Based on data gathering and processing from 84 monitoring sections in this heavily polluted area, this study first analyzes spatial patterns of urbanization and the distribution of river water pollution, and then uses the GeoDa bivariate spatial autocorrelation model to investigate the spatial correlation between urbanization and river water pollution at the scale of township units. The results show that urbanization has adverse impacts on water pollution, and the influence varies in different levels of development areas. The urban township units have the highest level of urbanization and highest pollution, but the best water quality; the suburban units have lower level of urbanization, but higher pollution and worse water quality; however the rural units have the lowest level of urbanization and lowest pollution, mainly affected by upstream pollution, but worst water quality. Lastly, urban and rural planning committees, while actively promoting the process of development in the region, should gradually resolve the issue of pollution control lagging behind urban life and urban develop- ment, giving priority to construction of centralized sewage treatment facilities and associated pipeline network coverage in the rural areas and suburban areas. 相似文献
6.
小秦岭金矿带某污染区村民头发中重金属元素含量的比照分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了定量化揭示金矿污染区人群头发中重金属元素的累积状况及其对人群健康的危害,在小秦岭金矿带某环境污染区走访调查村民的健康状况,采集分析了20位村民头发中的Hg、Pb、Cd、As、Cr、Cu的含量,与未污染的对照区村民头发中重金属元素的含量作比对分析.结果显示,职业暴露或低水平长期接触导致污染区人群头发中重金属元素的舍量显著增高,直接从事提金活动的人群头发中的重金属元素含量明显高于低水平暴露人群,头发中重金属元素的含量较好地指示了人群健康的状况.研究成果为政府加大矿山环境污染防治的力度提供了科学依据. 相似文献
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小秦岭金矿带某污染区村民头发中重金属元素的含量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了定量化揭示污染区人群头发中重金属元素的累积状况及其对人群健康的危害,在小秦岭金矿带某环境污染区走访调查村民的健康状况,采集分析了20位村民头发中的Hg、Pb、Cd、As、Cr、Cu的含量,与未污染的对照区村民头发重金属元素的含量作比对分析。结果显示,职业暴露或低水平长期接触导致污染区人群头发中重金属元素的含量显著增高,直接从事提金活动的人群头发中的重金属元素含量明显高于低水平暴露人群,头发中重金属元素的含量较好地指示了人群健康的状况。研究成果为政府加大矿山环境污染防治的力度提供了科学依据。 相似文献
8.
某金矿污染区人群头发重金属累积及其变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
矿业活动区环境重金属污染对人群健康的危害是人们关注的重大环境问题。以2009年某金矿区水土环境重金属污染区内的A村村民头发为研究对象,同时以环境相对清洁的B村人群头发中重金属含量为对比值。研究结果表明,污染区不同年龄段人群头发中的重金属平均含量具有一定的统计学意义,不同性别、不同年龄段人群头发中,Hg、Pb、Cd平均含量分别是对照区人发中的7.81倍、6.75倍和4.20倍。总体而言,污染区人发中重金属含量仍在持续累积。人发中高含量的重金属与人体健康存在较好的相关性,金矿区环境污染对人群健康危害严重。 相似文献
9.
Industrial and agricultural effects on water environment and its optimization in heavily polluted area in Taihu Lake Basin, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The deteriorating water quality in the Taihu Lake Basin has attracted widespread attention for many years, and is correlated with a sharp increase in the quantity of pollutant discharge such as agricultural fertilizers and industrial wastewater. In this study, several factors were selected for evaluating and regionalizing the water environmental capacity by ArcGIS spatial analysis, including geomorphologic characteristics, water quality goals, water body accessibility, water-dilution channels, and current water quality. Then, the spatial optimization of agriculture and industry was adjusted through overlay analysis, based on the balance between industrial space and water environmental capacity. The results show that the water environmental capacity gradually decreases from the west to the east, in contrast, the pollution caused by industrial and agricultural clustering is distributes along Taihu Lake, Gehu Lake and urban districts. The analysis of the agricultural space focuses on optimizing key protected areas of the Taihu Lake Basin, and the shores of Gehu Lake, optimally adjusting the second protected areas of the Taihu Lake Basin, and generally adjusting the urban areas of Changzhou and Wuxi cities. The analysis of industrial space focuses on optimizing the downtowns of Changzhou and Wuxi cities, optimally adjusting key protected areas and second protected areas of the Taihu Lake Basin, and generally adjusting the south and southwest of Gehu Lake. Lastly, some schemes of industrial and agricultural layouts and policies for the direction of industrial and agricultural development were proposed, reflecting a correlation between industry and agriculture and the water environment. 相似文献
10.
基于含油污水管道渗漏形成土壤污染区的物性改变，利用高密度电阻率法、自然电位法、探地雷达的方法对污染区进行了探测，试图通过污染区的分布特征确定渗漏点的存在.基于异常区布设的钻孔取样分析资料显示，含油污水的侵入会引起地下粘土层的电阻率增高，随着侵入量的增大电阻率越大，相应的探测电剖面异常区表现为高阻特征；相应位置的自然电位曲线显示低电位特征，探地雷达图像则表现为低频，高幅的特征.基于异常区的分布特征可以确定渗漏点的分布位置.研究结果证实了地球物理方法对此类工业污水污染区探测的可行性. 相似文献