排序方式： 共有2条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1
1.
During the manufacturing of chromate salts (1972–1992) large quantities of Chromite Ore Processing Residue (COPR) were released
into a decantation pond east of the former chemical plant of Porto-Romano (Durres, Albania), giving rise to yellow colored
pond sediments. These Cr(VI) bearing sediments were deposited upon Quaternary silty-clay lagoonal sediments rich in iron oxides
and organic matter. The pH values in these lagoonal sediments vary around 6.6, while in the pond sediments, it is mainly acidic
(due to the presence of the sulfur stock piles in the area and the release of the H2SO4 from the activity of the former chemical plant), varying between 1.4 and 3.8. Continuous leaching of the COPR waste resulted
in yellow-colored surface water runoff. The prediction of pH changes in the different types of sediments based upon acid/base
neutralizing capacity (ANC/BNC) jointly with the quantitative data on release of heavy metals and especially Cr is considered
an important advantage of the pHstat leaching test if compared to conventional leaching procedures. Thus, factors controlling the leaching of Cr(VI), Cr(III),
Ca, Al, Fe, Mg from the COPR were investigated by means of pHstat batch leaching tests and mineralogical analysis. Moreover, mathematical and geochemical modeling complemented the study.
The COPR in the area contain very high concentrations of chromium 24,409 mg/kg, which mainly occurs as Cr(III) (75–90%) as
well as Cr(VI) (25–10%). The leaching of Cr(VI) occurs in all the range (2–10) of the tested pH values, however, it decreases
under acidic conditions. Beside some reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), the Cr(VI) content of the leachtes remains relatively
high in the acidic environment, while the limning of Cr(VI) pond sediments will increase the release of the latter specie.
The leaching of the Cr(III) occurs strictly under acidic conditions, whereby limning of these sediments will give rise to
the lower solubility of Cr(III). The key mineral phases responsible for the fast release of the Cr(VI) are: the chromate salts
(i.e. sodium chromate and sodium dichromate), while sparingly soluble chromatite (CaCrO4) and hashemite (BaCrO4) release Cr(VI) very slowly. Thus, pH and mineral solubility have been identified as key factors in the retention and the
release of the hexavalent CrO4
2− and Cr2O7
− from the COPR-rich pond sediments. 相似文献
2.
Near the outskirts of the Albanian port of Durres on the Adriatic Coast, at a place called Porto Romano, an old chemical complex
has been producing chromate salts for a period of ∼20 years (1972–1993). As a result large quantities of chromite ore processing
residue (COPR) waste were released mainly as suspended particles and/or dissolved species in effluents, which settled in a
decantation pond area, 200 × 250 m in size, east of the industrial plant. Unfortunately, pollutants were spread out with time.
Knowing that chromium mobility and toxicity in natural settings is species dependent, the species characterization has been
carried out in different sampling media (pond sediments, lagoonal sediments and water samples). Five pond profiles were sampled
within the decantation area up to a depth of ∼1 m, till the underlying Quaternary lagoonal silty-clays were reached. Total
Cr content is highly variable with values between 1,130 and 24,409 mg/kg which is clearly higher than the defined local background
values for lagoonal silty-clays (198 mg/kg of Cr). Leaching of Cr(VI) especially occurs in the pond sediments, which are low
in OC, CEC and clay content, under acidic and neutral pH conditions (e.g. up to ∼2,230 mg/kg Cr(VI) leached from a sample
containing a total concentration of Cr 12,200 mg/kg). Moreover, leaching of the Cr(III) occurs only under strictly acidic
conditions (maximum 1,144 mg/kg leached from a sample containing a total Cr-concentration of 17,608 mg/kg). In this study
also a number of natural attenuation conditions (i.e. reaction with lagoonal clays rich in organic matter and iron as well
as isomorphous substitution) have been recognized. 相似文献
1