High‐Precision Measurement of 187Os/188Os Isotope Ratios of Nanogram to Picogram Amounts of Os in Geological Samples by N‐TIMS using Faraday Cups Equipped with 1013 Ω Amplifiers     

Guiqin Wang  Hauke Vollstaedt  Jifeng Xu  Wengui Liu 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2019,43(3):419-433

N(¹⁸⁷Os)/N(¹⁸⁸Os) ratios of six geological reference materials were measured using static Faraday cups (FCs) with 10¹³ Ω amplifiers by N‐TIMS. Our results show that the repeatability precision was 2–3‰ (2 RSD, n = 3), when taking ~ 1 g of BHVO‐2 with 76 pg g^?1 of Os mass fraction and ~ 2 g of BCR‐2 with 21 pg g^?1 of Os mass fraction for each sample, whether measured by FCs or by secondary electron multiplier. The repeatability precision measured by FCs was 1–0.2‰ (2 RSD, n = 3) when taking ~ 1 g of BIR‐2 with 350 pg g^?1 of Os mass fraction, ~ 1 g of WGB‐1 with 493 pg g^?1 of Os mass fraction or ~ 0.5 g of WPR‐1 with 13.3 ng g^?1 of Os mass fraction for each sample, which is much better than those measured by secondary electron multiplier. Instead, when taking ~ 2 g of AGV‐2 with 4 pg g^?1 Os mass fraction, the repeatability precision measured by secondary electron multiplier is 3–4‰ (RSD, n = 3), which is better than those measured by FCs. Of the six reference materials analysed, WPR‐1 and BIR‐1a are the most homogeneous with regard to Os isotopic composition (2 RSD of 0.08% and 0.23%, respectively) when test portion masses are 0.5–1 g.  相似文献   

南海南部次表层叶绿素a质量浓度最大值及其影响因子*     

廖秀丽  戴明  巩秀玉  刘华雪  黄洪辉 《热带海洋学报》2018,37(1):45-56

文章分析了2013年南海南部4个季节航次的叶绿素a (Chl a)调查数据, 结果显示: 150m以浅水柱Chl a质量浓度均值分别为早春0.14mg•m^-3、初夏0.12mg•m^-3、初秋0.18mg•m^-3、初冬0.16mg•m^-3。早春和初夏偏低的原因与早春风速小, 初夏水温高, 不利于水体的垂直混合, 限制了深层海水中丰富的营养盐向上层水体补充有关。4个季节中海水次表层Chl a质量浓度最大值层(SCML)均出现在50m和75m, 这两个水层的Chl a质量浓度差异小, 季节变化不大, 平均值变化范围分别为0.24~0.26mg•m^-3和0.22~0.26mg•m^-3。受混合层深度和温跃层上界深度的共同影响, 50m水层Chl a质量浓度主要受制于深层富营养盐海水的向上补充, 75m水层Chl a质量浓度受水温的影响明显。  相似文献   

Tree species identification within an extensive forest area with diverse management regimes using airborne hyperspectral data     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Information on tree species composition is crucial in forest management and can be obtained using remote sensing. While the topic has been addressed frequently over the last years, the remote sensing-based identification of tree species across wide and complex forest areas is still sparse in the literature. Our study presents a tree species classification of a large fraction of the Białowieża Forest in Poland covering 62 000 ha and being subject to diverse management regimes. Key objectives were to obtain an accurate tree species map and to examine if the prevalent management strategy influences the classification results. Tree species classification was conducted based on airborne hyperspectral HySpex data. We applied an iterative Support Vector Machine classification and obtained a thematic map of 7 individual tree species (birch, oak, hornbeam, lime, alder, pine, spruce) and an additional class containing other broadleaves. Generally, the more heterogeneous the area was, the more errors we observed in the classification results. Managed forests were classified more accurately than reserves. Our findings indicate that mapping dominant tree species with airborne hyperspectral data can be accomplished also over large areas and that forest management and its effects on forest structure has an influence on classification accuracies and should be actively considered when progressing towards operational mapping of tree species composition.  相似文献   

钦州湾海洋环境的富营养化水平评价及其对浮游植物叶绿素a的影响          下载免费PDF全文

康建华  林毅力  王雨  蓝文陆 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(11):67-74

文章通过钦州湾现场调查资料，分别利用单因子污染指数法和富营养化指数法对湾内水质的污染状况和富营养化水平进行评价，并分析讨论不同的富营养化水平条件下浮游植物叶绿素a的响应。结果显示，钦州湾的污染状况和富营养化程度从湾顶至湾外呈现由重至轻的梯度变化，并出现两个“极端区域”：茅尾海化学需氧量（COD）和营养盐的污染指数劣于三类海水水质标准并重度富营养化；外湾污染指数符合一类海水水质标准并贫营养化。分析表明，茅尾海的重度富营养化是由河流输入、相对封闭的地形以及过度的牡蛎养殖造成，而外湾的贫营养化则主要归因于较少的水产养殖和陆源污水排放以及大量的浮游植物对磷酸盐的消耗。叶绿素a在这两个区域均呈现低值，茅尾海内主要是由于贝类滤食大粒径浮游植物和真光层深度下降引起，而外湾则是氮磷比（N/P）失衡，浮游植物生长受磷限制导致。另外，核电站温排水有可能是导致叶绿素a较高的原因。减少茅尾海内的养殖规模，种植红树林，集中污水于外湾排放，加强温排水口的水质监控是保证钦州湾海洋生态环境可持续发展的手段。  相似文献   

春季西沙永乐龙洞浮游植物的昼夜垂直分布特征     

葛汝平  傅亮  毕乃双  陈畅  刘光兴  庄昀筠  杨作升  范德江  姚鹏  陈洪举 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(1):65-73

南海永乐龙洞位于西沙群岛永乐环礁,是迄今为止发现的最深的海洋蓝洞,水文环境及理化因素特殊,90 m以下水体为无氧环境。为研究永乐龙洞浮游植物的群落组成及其昼夜变化,于2017年3月在龙洞、潟湖及外礁坡进行浮游植物样品采集。研究结果表明:龙洞内叶绿素a浓度呈现随深度先增大后减小的趋势,日间浓度最大值层出现在40 m层(0.42μg/L),夜间则出现在20 m层(0.59μg/L)。永乐龙洞微微型浮游植物丰度介于1.1×10^3~5.1×10^4 cells/mL。聚球藻在上层水体占优势(0~20 m),40 m以下水层原绿球藻丰度对微微型浮游植物丰度贡献率最大(90%以上),微微型真核浮游植物丰度在整个水体都较低(除20 m层)。微微型浮游植物昼夜存在明显差异,夜间其丰度最大值层为20 m层,日间则上移至表层。本研究共记录微型和小型浮游植物5门41属55种(含未定种)。其中,硅藻门25属34种、甲藻门12属15种、金藻门1属1种、蓝藻3属、隐藻1属。微型和小型浮游植物丰度介于3.3×10^2~9.8×10^4 cells/L。甲藻丰度对浮游植物总丰度贡献率最大,其次是硅藻,隐藻和蓝藻丰度仅在少数水层占优势。微型和小型浮游植物昼夜变化明显,夜间丰度最大值层为20 m层,日间则出现在40 m层。微微型、微型和小型浮游植物垂直分布与叶绿素a浓度垂直分布一致性高。龙洞浮游植物的种类数和丰度高于潟湖和外礁坡。  相似文献   

基于地质统计先验信息的储层物性参数同步反演   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

印兴耀  孙瑞莹  王保丽  张广智 《应用地球物理》2014,11(3):311-320

本文提出的储层物性参数同步反演是一种高分辨率的非线性反演方法,该方法综合利用岩石物理和地质统计先验信息,在贝叶斯理论框架下,首先通过变差结构分析得到合理的变差函数,进而利用快速傅里叶滑动平均模拟算法（Fast Fourier TransformMoving Average,FFT-MA）和逐渐变形算法（Gradual Deformation Method,GDM）得到基于地质统计学的储层物性参数先验信息,然后根据统计岩石物理模型建立弹性参数与储层物性参数之间的关系,构建似然函数,最终利用Metropolis算法实现后验概率密度的抽样,得到物性参数反演结果。并将此方法处理了中国陆上探区的一块实际资料,本方法的反演结果具有较高的分辨率,与测井数据吻合度较高;由于可以直接反演储层物性参数,避免了误差的累积,大大减少了不确定性的传递,且计算效率较高。  相似文献   

iTRAQ-based proteomic profiling of the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) gonad exposed to BDE-47     

C.C. Fong  Y.F. Shi  W.K. Yu  F. Wei  J.P. van de Merwe  Alice K.Y. Chan  R. Ye  Doris W.T. Au  Rudolf S.S. Wu  M.S. Yang 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014

A recent study demonstrated that 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) may have an adverse effect on the reproduction in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma), but the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the protein expression profiles of male and female gonads of O. melastigma exposed to dietary BDE-47 at two dosages (0.65 and 1.30 μg/g/day, respectively) for 21 days. Extracted proteins were labeled with iTRAQ and analyzed on a MALDI TOF/TOF analyzer, as results, 133 and 144 unique proteins were identified in testis and ovary, respective, and they exerted dose- and sex-dependent expression patterns. In testis, among the 42 differentially expressed proteins; down-regulation of histone variants and parvalbumins implicated BDE-47 may disrupt the spermatogenesis and induce sterility in fishes. In ovary, 38 proteins were differentially expressed; the elevation of vitellogenins and apolipoprotein A–I expression indicated BDE-47 acts as an estrogen-mimicking compound and led to reproductive impairment in O. melastigma.  相似文献   

移动互联网时代防震减灾科普宣传的问题及对策研究     

李晓丽 《高原地震》2014,(1):54-58

在移动互联网蓬勃发展的信息技术背景下,我国防震减灾科普教育存在若干问题,如忽视受众的"数字化"特征,基于智能终端的宣传材料不足;宣传手段不能满足移动互联网时代信息化要求;宣传内容不够生动等,因此提出防震减灾科普知识泛在化宣传新模式,并根据泛在化宣传模式的特征,设计开发基于iOS系统的泛在化宣传资源,为防震减灾宣传工作提供基于移动设备的数字化资源支持。该研究对移动互联网时代地震科普宣传作了新的探讨与尝试,对于当前及未来全民普及防震减灾科学知识有积极的促进作用。  相似文献   

Processes Leading to Second-Year Cooling of the 2010-12 La Ni(n)a Event,Diagnosed Using GODAS     

FENG Licheng  ZHANG Rong-Hua  WANG Zhanggui  CHEN Xingrong 《大气科学进展》2015,32(3)

  相似文献   

BDS-3新频点单点定位研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

慕仁海  党亚民  许长辉 《测绘通报》2021,(3):12-17

针对目前有关北斗卫星导航系统（BDS-3）中MEO卫星（BDS-3M）增加的B1C、B2a新频点单点定位研究较少的现状,本文开展了基于新频点B1C、B2a的双频单点定位试验,结合国际GNSS监测评估系统（iGMAS）5个跟踪站连续10 d的数据,对BDS-3的新频点进行数据质量分析、双频伪距单点定位（SPP）和双频静态精密单点定位（PPP）研究,并与GPS的L1、L2频点和BDS-3的B1I、B3I频点进行对比。试验结果表明：在伪距单点定位方面,BDS-3新信号在E、N、U 3方向的精度分别优于10、12、11 m,低于GPS的L1、L2双频伪距单点定位和BDS-3的旧频点双频伪距单点定位精度;在精密单点定位方面,BDS-3新频点在收敛速度方面略低于GPS的收敛速度,BDS-3新信号在E、N、U 3方向都能达到分米级精度。  相似文献